Statistics and

Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 8:
Interpreting the Mean and the
Variance of a Discrete Random
Variable
Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 8: Interpreting the Mean and the Variance of a Discrete Random Variable
First Edition, 2020

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 Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 8:
Interpreting the Mean and
Variance of a Discrete Random
Variable
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Interpreting the Mean and Variance of a
Discrete Random Variable!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the
learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Interpreting the Mean and Variance of a
Discrete Random Variable!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn,
create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies
that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the
relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic
success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.
This part includes an activity that aims
What I Know to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide
to skip this module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you
What’s In link the current lesson with the previous
one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
What’s New introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion
What is It of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check
the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

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 What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
This section provides an activity that will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real-life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate
Assessment your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also
tends to the retention of learned
concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in
the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies.
You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
understand why we need to find the mean and variance of a discrete random
variable and how to interpret it. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module has only one lesson which focuses on interpreting the mean and
variance of a discrete random variable. Your knowledge and skill on how to
use the formula for the mean, variance, and standard deviation that you
learned from previous modules are pre-requisite skills. Accurate
computations will yield accurate interpretations. In case that there will be
mistakes in the calculations of mean, variance, and standard deviation,
interpretation of the data will be affected. And if we interpret the result based
on the miscalculations, our tendency to make a not so wise decision is
higher. So, to be successful in this module, always review your computations
before you make interpretations. Expect also that some of the practice
exercises and problems included here need your patience and determination
because it requires long computations. It will teach you the virtues of being
patient and striving for excellence. Bear in mind that you need to review first
your solutions to arrive with accurate interpretations. So, are you now ready?
Let us start your journey today.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. interpret the mean and variance of a discrete random variable; and
2. recall and apply the formulas for the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of a discrete random variable.

1
 What I Know

Before studying this module, take this test to determine what you already
know about the topic covered.

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. What do you call a random variable with possible values that form a finite
or countable set?
A. continuous C. finite
B. discrete D. infinite

2. What term is used to describe the average value of a discrete random

variable over numerous trials of an experiment?
A. mean C. standard deviation
B. probability D. variance

3. Which of the following represents the amount of spread, dispersion, or

variability of the items in a distribution?
A. mean or expected value
B. median and mode
C. outcomes and probability distribution
D. variance and standard deviation

4. Which of the following is also equal to the square root of the variance?
A. mean C. probability
B. median D. standard deviation

5. How would you interpret a very small variance or standard deviation but
not equal to zero?
A. The values of the random variables are farther from the mean.
B. The values of the random variables are nearer to the mean.
C. The values of the random variables are equal to the mean.
D. The values of the random variables have no relationship with the mean.

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6. Which of the following shows most likely the largest possible variance or
variability?
A. number of girls in a randomly selected three-child family
B. number of newborn babies per minute.
C. number of Oreo cookies inside a 133 grams pack from different
branch of 711 stores
D. number of patients who are positive with COVID-19 in different
hospitals

7. Which of the following data shows most likely the smallest possible
variance or variability?
A. number of books in different branch of National Bookstore
B. number of books inside a pack bag of grade 11 students
C. number of books inside the library of different universities
D. number of books inside the library of different households

8. What formula is described by 𝜎 2 = ∑[𝑥 2 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2 ?

A. the mean of a discrete random variable
B. the variance of a discrete random variable
C. the standard deviation of a discrete random variable
D. the expected value of a discrete random variable

For numbers 9-12, refer to the probability distribution of rolling a single

unfair die.

𝑥 1 2 3 4 5 6
𝑃(𝑥) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

9. What is the mean of the probability distribution?

A. 2.5 B. 3.7 C. 4.1 D. 5.7

10. What is the variance of the probability distribution?

A. 1.81 B. 2.34 C. 3.70 D. 4.26

11. What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

A. 1.07 B. 1.35 C. 1.92 D. 2.06

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12. How would you interpret the mean value that you get in item number 9?
A. The mean value is the difference between each probable value of the
outcome when you roll the unfair die in numerous trials.
B. The mean value is the higher probable value of the outcome when you
roll the unfair die in numerous trials.
C. The mean value is the lowest probable value of the outcome when you
roll the unfair die in numerous trials.
D. The mean value is the closest value to the most probable value of the
outcome when you roll the unfair die in numerous trials.

13. Which of the following is NOT a property of the variance?

A. The variance is not equal to the standard deviation.
B. A small variance means that the distribution of the random variable is
narrowly concentrated around the mean.
C. A large variance means that the distribution is spread out, with some
chance of observing values at some distance from the mean.
D. The value of the variance is less than zero.

For numbers 14-15. The mean of the probability distribution below is

equal to 18.2 with a variance of 5.86 and a standard deviation of 2.42.

Number of cellphones sold

per day in a retail store (𝑥) 15 18 19 20 22

Probability (𝑃(𝑥) 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15

14. How would you interpret the mean value of 18.2?

A. The least number of cellphones that will be sold in a day is 18 pieces.
B. The highest number of cellphones that will be sold in a day is 18
pieces.
C. The average number of cellphones that will be sold in a day is 18
pieces.
D. No interpretation can be made about the mean value of 18.2.

15. How would you interpret the values of variance and standard deviation?
A. It gives the difference between the highest number of cellphones and
the least number of cellphones that can be sold.
B. It is the average number of cellphones that can be sold in a day.
C. It describes how the data or the number of cellphones sold in a day
varies.
D. No interpretation can be made about the variance and standard
deviation.

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 Interpreting the Mean and
Lesson
Variance of a Probability
1
Distributions
Decision-making is an important skill that each individual should acquire. It
is a must that you should be wise when making decisions. In real life, we
always encounter situations where we have to choose the best option to arrive
with the right decision. Thinking critically and logically will help you to decide
on things wisely. Considering that you might become a CEO of a company, a
professional, a father or a mother, surely this lesson will help you to decide
on future financial situations. Interpreting the mean and variance of
probability distributions will give you the idea on how to weigh things, for you
to choose the right option.

What’s In

What’s the formula?

The following formulas were introduced to you in the previous lessons, write
the correct formula in each box to complete this task.
Formula 1: 𝜇𝑥 = ∑[𝑥𝑖 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)]

Formula 2: 𝜎 2 = ∑[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2

Formula 3: 𝜎 2 = ∑(𝑥 − 𝑢)2 𝑃(𝑥)

Formula 4: 𝜎 = √[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2

Situation 1: I am thinking of finding the average number of heads that would

appear if I will toss two coins together twice. Which formula should I use?

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Situation 2: I went to the grocery store and I noticed that there are five
different kinds of brown sugar at different prices, each brand has different
probabilities that they will be sold. What formula should I use if I want to
determine how the prices vary from the average price of the product that
would be sold to the customers repeatedly?

Solution:

Situation 1: The correct formula is 𝜇𝑥 = ∑[𝑥𝑖 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)], because it is the formula

to be used if you want to find the mean of a discrete random variable.

Situation 2: The correct formula is 𝜎 = √[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2 , because it is the

formula to be used if you want to find the standard deviation of a discrete
random variable. Even though formulas 2 and 3 (formulas to find the variance)
measures also the variability of the values assumed by the random variable X
(prices of brown sugar) in repeated trials (sold to the customers repeatedly).
The units of standard deviation match those with X because standard
deviation is a square root of the variance.

Notes to the Teacher

Explain to the students the difference between the variance
and the standard deviation. Variance is the average of the
squared deviation from the mean while the standard
deviation is just the square root of the variance. Among
these two, standard deviation is most often used to describe
measures of variability because of its unit.

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 What’s New

An Unfair Die

Suppose an unfair die is rolled and let X be the random variable representing
the number of dots that would appear with a probability distribution below.

Outcome 1 2 3 4 5 6
(𝑥)
Probability 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1
P(𝑥)

Questions:

1. What will be the average number of dots that would appear?

2. How does the assumed value of the outcome vary from the average
number of dots that would appear?

3. Will you join in a game of chance using an unfair die?

What is It

Recall that in your previous lesson, you learn how to calculate the mean,
variance, and standard deviation of a discrete random variable. So, with those
skills, you will be able to answer the questions in the previous activity.

First, let us find the mean of the probability distribution using the formula.

𝜇𝑥 = ∑[𝑥𝑖 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)]

𝜇𝑥 = 1(0.1) + 2(0.1) + 3(0.1) + 4(0.5) + 5(0.1) + 6(0.1)

𝜇𝑥 = 3.7

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Therefore, the mean of the probability distribution is 3.7. Since the mean is
equal to 3.7, we can say that the average number of dots that would appear is
a number near to 3.7 which is 4. If we will repeat the experiment over and
over, there is a higher possibility the 4 dots will always appear since the
average number of dots that would appear is 4.

To determine the variability of the assumed values from the mean, use the
formulas for finding variance and standard deviation. But first, construct a
table like the one below:

𝑥 𝑃(𝑥) 𝑥 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥) 𝑥2 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)

1 0.1 0.1 1 0.1
2 0.1 0.2 2 0.4
3 0.1 0.3 9 0.9
4 0.5 2 16 8
5 0.1 0.5 25 2.5
6 0.1 0.6 36 2.6

∑[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] = 15.5

Then use the formulas, thus

𝜎 2 = ∑[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2 = 15.5 − (3.7)2 = 1.81

𝜎 = √𝜎 2 = √1.81 = 1.35

Therefore, the variance of the random variable X (the number of dots

appeared) is equal to 1.81 while the standard deviation is equal to 1.35. Take
note that, small variance or standard deviation means that the assumed
values or data points tend to be very close to the mean, while higher variance
or standard deviation means that the assumed values or data points are
spread out from the mean. Specifically, the variance and standard deviation
measures or describes how far a set of data (assumed values of random
variables) is spread out. Since the value of the standard deviation is 1.35, we
can say that the assumed values of each outcome are somewhat close to the
mean for about 1.35 units from the mean.

Knowing this information, you may now decide whether you will join a game
using an unfair die. Make sure you will think more critically and logically
before you make a decision and remember being fair and just is a virtue.

8
Bear in mind that the mean of a discrete random variable is just the average
value of a random variable over repeated trials of experiment and in the next
lesson it will be discussed further and its application to the real-life situation.

To understand more the concept of the variance and standard deviation, the
following are examples that will give you a deeper idea about the concept of
variance and standard deviation.

The first data in the following examples is somewhat expected to have a

higher variance and standard deviation or variability compare to the other
data.

Example 1

The population size of 100 different countries around the world compare to
the population of 10 countries belong to the first world countries

Due to a large number of samples (100 different countries) and other factors
such as land area, economic status, etc., you may say that most likely you
will get a higher variance and standard deviation compared to the population
of 10 countries belong to the first world countries

Example 2

The number of students in different universities compares to the number of

students in a class in a particular school.

Considering different universities with different size and course offerings, you
may say that the difference between their enrolments will be much higher
than the difference of each class size in a particular school

Example 3

The number of people who love to play basketball in different barangays to

the number of basketball players from different teams who play in the first-
quarter game.

Basketball is a famous game and almost every guy loves to play this game.
Imagine that you will gather the number of people who love to play from
different barangays, it is expected that you will gather different results
compared to the number of basketball players from different teams who play
in the first-quarter game. Almost everybody is aware that there are only five
players from each team to play a game, therefore if you will compute the
variance of the data from different teams you will get a value of zero. The
mean will be equal to 5 because each team who play the game will should
have 5 players only, at the same time if you will compute the variance of
distribution with equal inputs you will get a value of zero.

9
The mean and variance of a discrete random variable are easy to understand
if you know the concepts behind these two measurements. As you go on with
the different modules in Statistics and Probability, mean and variance will
always be included in the discussion. The mean, variance, and standard
deviation are important in statistics because they serve as the basis for other
types of statistical calculations or statistical tests.

Notes to the Teacher

Remind the students that in computing mean, variance and

standard deviation, they should be careful in rounding off too
soon. If the students are working with a calculator, key-in the
exact value of each entry until they arrive at the result.
Rounding off too soon may affect the exact or estimate value
of final answer.

10
 What’s More

In the following activities, read each situation carefully to solve each

problem. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Practice Activity 1
The number of cellular phones sold per day at the E-Cell Retail Store with
the corresponding probabilities is shown in the table below. Compute the
mean, variance, and standard deviation and interpret the result.
Number of cellphones
sold per day in a retail 15 18 19 20 22
store (𝑥)
Probability (𝑃(𝑥) 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15

Solution:
Complete the statement:

𝜇𝑥 = ∑[𝑥𝑖 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] = 15(0,30) + 18(0.20) + 19(0.20) + 20(0.15) + 22(0.15) = _______

The mean is equal to ____________ therefore, it means that the average

number of cellular phones of sold per day is ________________.
To find the variance complete the table below:

𝑥 𝑃(𝑥) 𝑥 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥) 𝑥2 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)

15 0.30 4.5
18 0.20 3.6
19 0.20 3.8
20 0.15 3
22 0.15 3.3

∑[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] = ___________

𝜎 2 = ∑[𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2 = _______ − ________ = ___________

𝜎 = √𝜎 2 = __________ = ___________
Therefore, the variance of a probability distribution is equal to ___________,
while the standard deviation is equal to _________________.

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Independent Activity 1
Beth’s Bread and Pastry Shop determines the number of cupcakes sold per
day with its corresponding probabilities. Find the mean, variance, and
standard deviation of the probability distribution below. If Beth, the owner of
the shop is claiming that the average number of cupcakes sold in a day is 150
pieces, do you think it is a believable claim?
Number of cupcakes
sold per day (𝑥) 90 120 135 150 160 175

Probability 𝑃(𝑥) 0.15 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.15

Practice Activity 2
Analyze the following pairs of data and identify which of the following will
most likely yield to a higher variance and higher standard deviation. Put a
check mark on the appropriate box.

1. Number of students from different grade levels.

Number of boys in a family with three children.

2. Number of fish inside the aquarium from different households.

Number of fish inside a can from the different local brands of sardines.

3. Number of COVID-19 patients from different hospitals.

Number of family members with fever in a barangay.

4. Number of M & M’s peanuts inside a 1.69 0z bag from different retail

stores.

Number of kernels in corn of different sizes.

5. Number of players in a group playing the game “the boat is sinking.”

Number of passengers in different luxury cruise ships.

Independent Activity 2
Give examples of at least two pairs of data that will most likely yield different
variance and standard deviation. Identify the one with a higher possible value
of variance and explain why.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

Complete the following statements by writing the correct word or words.

1. The mean of a discrete random variable is interpreted as the
______________ value of a random variable over repeated trials of an
experiment.
2. The variance and standard deviation of a discrete random variable
measured or described the ____________________ of the assumed values of
the random variable to the mean.
3. A small variance or standard deviation means that the assumed values or
data points tend to be ___________________to the mean.
4. A higher variance or standard deviation means that the assumed values or
data points are __________________ from the mean

What I Can Do

Oh, what a game!

Things to do:
Device a game of chance using a fair die with corresponding winnings and
losses. For example, in rolling a die you may assign even outcomes as
winning outcomes and the odd outcomes as the losses or think of your own
plan. Let X the amount to be won by a player or the amount he will lose
when he plays your game. Compute for the mean or the average amount a
player may win or lose, the variance and the standard deviation, and
interpret the results. Don’t forget that each face of a die has a probability of
1
. Be prepared to describe your game and demonstrate it in our class next
6
meeting or you may prepare a video of your demonstration to be submitted
online.

13
Rubrics for the task:

4 3 2 1
Categories Excellent Satisfactory Developing Beginning

Organization of The The The The

Game Plan mechanics of mechanics of mechanics of mechanics of
the game is the game is the game is the game is
clear and clear and somewhat not clear.
enjoyable to enjoyable to not clear and
play with a play with no shows
twist. It also twist. It also concepts of
shows shows mean and
concepts of concepts of variance
mean and mean and
variance. variance.

Accuracy of the The There is one There is one There are

Solutions computations mistake in the mistake in more
are accurate computations the mistakes
with a table of with a table of computations with no table
probability probability with no table of probability
distributions. distributions. of probability distributions.
distributions.

Demonstration The The The The

demonstration demonstration demonstratio demonstrator
accurately shows some n did not is not
shows how to missing work well prepared to
play the game. details on how because the demonstrate
to play the audience how to play
game. cannot follow the game.
the rules of
the game.

14
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is an example of a discrete random variable?
A. weight of newborn babies
B. body temperature of COVID-19 patients
C. number of heads that will come out if you toss a coin twice
D. height of basketball players

2. Which of the following best describe the mean of a discrete random

variable?
A. It is the lowest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
B. It is the highest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
C. It is the average value of a discrete random variable over numerous
trials of an experiment.
D. It is the amount of spread, dispersion, or variability of the assumed
value of a discrete random variable.

3. Which of the following best describe the variance and standard deviation of
a probability?
A. It is the lowest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
B. It is the highest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
C. It is the average value of a discrete random variable over numerous
trials of an experiment.
D. It is the amount of spread, dispersion, or variability of the assumed
value of a discrete random variable.

4. Which of the following best describe the standard deviation of a probability

distribution?
A. It is twice the variance.
B. It is the product of the mean and the variance.
C. It is the ratio of the mean and the variance.
D. It is the square root of the variance.

5. How would you interpret a very small variance or standard deviation?

A. The values of the random variables are equal to the mean.
B. The values of the random variables are closer to the mean.
C. The values of the random variables are farther from the mean.
D. The values of the random variables have no relationship with the mean.

15
 6. Which of the following data show most likely the largest possible variance
or variability?
A. number of pieces of French fries in a regular pack from different orders
of customers at McDonalds
B. number of boys in families of three-children
C. number of customers per hour who went shopping at SM Super Malls
D. number of heads that will appear if two coins are tossed together
repeatedly

7. Which of the following data show most likely the smallest possible
variance or variability?
A. the number of passengers in a tricycle per destinations
B. the number of applicants in the different job opening
C. the number of families who own a private vehicle in different cities in
NCR
D. the number of adults who use public restrooms in Metro Manila

8. What formula is described by 𝜎 = √∑[𝑥 2 𝑃(𝑥)] − 𝑢2 ?

A. the mean of a discrete random variable
B. the variance of a discrete random variable
C. the standard deviation of a discrete random variable
D. the expected value of a discrete random variable

For numbers 9 -12, refer to the probability distribution of the number of

books borrowed from a school library in a day and its corresponding
probabilities.

𝑥 20 25 30 35 40 45
𝑃(𝑥) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1

9. What is the mean of the probability distribution?

A. 25 B. 29 C. 30 D. 32

10. How would you interpret the mean value that you get from item number 8?
A. It is the least number of books borrowed from the school library in a
day.
B. It is the largest number of books borrowed from the school library in a
day.
C. It is the average number of books borrowed from the school library in a
day.
D. It is the difference between the largest and the least number of books
borrowed from the school library in a day.

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11. What is the variance of the probability distribution?
A. 38 B. 40 C. 43 D. 46

12. What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution?

A. 6.16 B. 6.32 C. 6.56 D. 6.78

13. Which of the following is NOT a property of the variance?

A. A small variance means that the distribution of the random variable is
narrowly concentrated around the mean.
B. A large variance means that the distribution is spread out, with some
chance of observing values at some distance from the mean.
C. The variance is a value that is always positive.
D. The variance is a value that is always negative.

For numbers 14-15. The mean of the probability distribution below is

equal to 37.05 with a variance of 36.75 and a standard deviation of 6.06.

Number of ice
candy sold per
30 32 36 40 42 45
day in a retail
store (𝑥)
Probability 0.30 0.10 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.25
(𝑃(𝑥)

14. How would you interpret the mean value of 37.05?

A. The least number of ice candy that will be sold in a day is 37 pieces.
B. The highest number of ice candy that will be sold in a day is 37 pieces.
C. The average number of ice candy that will be sold in a day is 37 pieces.
D. No interpretation can be made about the mean value of 37.05.
15. If you are the owner of the retail store, how many ice candies will you
prepare to ensure that you can supply the demands of your customers
every day?
A. 10 pieces and below C. 21-30 pieces
B. 11-20 pieces D. 30 pieces and above

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 Additional Activities

This activity is design for you to gain a deeper understanding of the mean,
variance, and standard deviation. It will not just help you to practice your
skill but it will give you a chance to compare the results with theoretical
explanations.

Try it and enjoy it!

Things to do:

Roll a die 50 times. Record the result and construct a probability

distribution to find the mean, variance, and standard deviation. Compare
the results with theoretical results:

Take Note of This:

The probability distribution of rolling a die is given below, this will serve as
your theoretical result.

Outcome (𝑥) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability of the
1 1 1 1 1 1
Outcome
6 6 6 6 6 6
𝑃(𝑥)

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 19
Additional Activities
Results of the experiment may vary, but the mean of the
distribution after rolling a die 50 times is somewhat equal to the
mean of the given probability distribution of rolling a die where the
outcome X is the random variable. Thus, the results of the
experiment may get a mean which is very close to 3.5 with a
variance that is somewhat equals to 3.
What I Know What's More Assessment
1. B Practice Activity 1 1. C
2. A 2. C
3. D 𝜇𝑥 = 18.2 3. D
4. C 4. D
5. B ∑[𝑥 ∙ 𝑃(𝑥)] = 337.1 5. B
6. D 6. C
7. B 𝜎 2 = 5.86 7. A
8. B 8. C
9. B 𝜎 = 2.42 9. D
10.A Independent Activity 1 10.C
11.B 11.D
12.D 𝜇𝑥 = 140.75 12.D
13.D 13.D
14.C 𝜎 2 = 730.1875 14.C
15.C 𝜎 = 26.52 15.D
Practice Activity 2
1. Statement 1
2. Statement 1
3. Statement 1
4. Statement 2
5. Statement 1
Practice Activity 2
Answers may vary
Answer Key
References

Belecina, Rene R, Baccay, Elisa S., Mateo, Efren B. Statistics and Probability.
First Edition. Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store. 2016.

Lim, Yvette F., Nocon, Rizaldi C., Nocon, Ederlina G., Ruivivar, Leonor A.
Math for Engaged Learning Statistics and Probability. Quezon City: Sibs
Publishing House, Inc. 2016.

Malate, Jose S. Statistics, and Probability for Senior High School. Sta. Ana,
Manila, Philippines: Vicarish Publications and Trading, Inc. 2017.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph