CHAPTER 3

Case study 1
Act utilitarianism: Calculating the Pleasures and Pain
1. The pain avoided of this is smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes,
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic
bronchitis. Smoking also increases risk for tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the
immune system, including rheumatoid arthritis.
Mr Jimenez feels satisfy of smoking taste, mouth feel, stress relief, calming feelings, satisfying
his nicotine cravings and that is the pleasure gained side of smoking that Mr Jimenez wants.
According to the theory of utilitarianism, ethical choice must be the greatest good for the greatest
number if Mr Jimenez continue to smoke the only person who received the joy is him, but if he
quits smoking all of the family member will receive benefits including Mr Jimenez himself.
Case study 2
Duty-Oriented Reasoning: A Matter of Principle
1. In this situation, even though Juan and Joe are close friends, their primary ethical duty is to
make sure that the backup equipment is prepared for use on the wards. However, Juan
accidentally knocks the apparatus over, breaks the backup instrument, and prevents this from
happening.
2. From a professional standpoint, Juan and Joe are both expected to be more honest,
accountable, and committed to their career and their superiors in the institution. Juan, however,
lied to his supervisor while putting his duties on hold to get out of the accusation of violating the
standby instrument, which is entirely false from a philosophical standpoint.
3. Yes, they will inevitably come into conflict with one another due to their commitment to being
honest with the organization and their superiors.
4. There is no denying that certain principles are more valuable than others. In my opinion, the
"Principle of Honesty" should always take precedence over the "Principle of Secrecy."
Case study 3
Katrina
1. If I were John