QUESTIONS 1 MARKS QUESTIONS (1) Whowas the king of France during French Revolution? (a) LouisXIV (b) — LouisXV (c) Louis XVI (d) Louis XIII (2) Inhow manyestates French society was divided during 18th century? (a) One (b) Two (c) Three (d) Four (3) Who wrote the book—The Social Contract’? (a) Rousseau (b) Abbe Sieyas (c) Mirabeau (d) Montesquieu (4) Whendid Napoleon fight the ‘Battle of Waterloo’? (a) 1804 (b) 1810 (c) 1832 (d) 1815 (5) Namethe tax directly paid to the state? see ute (b) Taille (c) Both (ay nee of the above ee a ee(6) (7) (3) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) Inthe year... Napoleon became the emperor of France. ~~ was the currency of France which was used till 1794, The tax levied by Church of France was called. The reign of Maximilian Robespierre was termed as France became republic in the year... What was Estate general? What do you mean by the term ‘subsistence crises’? What do you understand by the term ‘privilege by birth’ in connection with French revolution? When was slavery abolished from all the colonies of France? What was rule of Directory in the history of French Revolution? 3/5 MARKS QUESTION (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) What was condition of France when Louis XVI ascended the throne? Explain- ‘Third Estate’. What laws were passed by National Assembly in France on 4th august 1789? Describe the condition of women in 18th century French society? Does French revolution change any of it? Describe the rise of Jacobin club in France? What legacy was left behind by the French revolution for the world? Explain the rise of Napoleon? What was subsistence crisis in France? How it triggered the French Revolution? Which rights were described as the “Natural and inalienable” by the French constitution of 1791? “Erench Revolution didn’t fulfil the aspiration of all the sections of society.” Explain your answer with suitable argument.Answers MARK QUESTIONS a) (o) Louis XVI (2) ()— Three 3) @) Rousseau (a) (d)—(1825 (5) (a). Tithe (6) 1804 (7) Livares (8) Taille (9) Reignof Terror (10) 21September 1792 : } (11) Estate General wasa political organisation in France prior to 1789 revolution inwhichall the Estates sent their representatives. (12) An extreme situation prevailed where the basic means of livelihood were endangered-called subsistence crisis. (13) The privilege of exemption from paying any taxes to church or state by the first and second Estate members of French revolution just because of their birth in that Estate was called ‘privilege by birth’. (14) 1848 (15) The fall of Jacobin allowed the wealthier middle class to seize the power and ruled through an Executive, made up of five members, called DIRECTORY. 3/5 MARKS QUESTIONS Q) (i) Empty treasury, (ii) Destruction of economic resources due to war, (iii) Extravagant cost of living by the kings. (iv) Adebt of more thanten billion livres, (v) Ademand of interest by the lenders (2) (i) The Third Estate was comprised of peasants, landless labours teachers, lawyers etc, (ii) Itwas the lowest strata of the French society, Se Sy Lee ea a ee(3) (4) (5) (6) oy They didn’t have any political rights, iv) ) All the taxes imposed by state or church were to be paid by them only. (v) During French revol lution they fought st ora 'y fought against birth rights and feudal (i) End of feudal system of obligation and taxes, (ii) Forced priestly class to give up their privileges’ (ii) End of religious taxes like “tithe”, (iv) Confiscation of church property. (i) Worked for subsistence, (ii) They didn’t have access to education or job training, (iii) They worked as laundresses, sold flower or even worked as domestic servant, (iv) Theirwages were lower than men, (v) Though after French revolution their condition improved a bit yet they were eluded by general political right to vote till 1946. (i) The revolutionary wars brought losses and economic hardship to the people, (ii) Political clubs became an important rallying point for people to discuss government policiesand their own course of action, The most successful of these club was the Jacobean, whose belong mainly - small shopkeepers, shoemakers, (iii) members servants, daily-wage workers etc. Their leader was Maxmillian Robespierre who adopted red cap (a (iv) symbol of liberty) along with a trouser without knee breaches as worn by the dockyard labourer. (v) All this was done to show themselves apart from the wealthier class and nobility and to show solidarity with lower class which made them favourite. The legacy left behind by the French revolution were — (i) End of feudal privileges (ii) The ideal of liberty (iii) The principal of equality pA Pate Sins Mien 1 a OS ES rn a” (8) (9) (iv) (v) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (i) (i) (iii) (iv) (v) (i) (ii) (iii) The sense of brotherhood The idea of de! After the fall of J ‘an opportunity to seize POW ymocracy jacobin govt, wealthier middle class once again got er, the vote to no for two legisla n-propertied sections of titution denied * Anew cons tive council ,a safeguard society and had provisions ncentration of power! jointed a five member ex! ctors often clashed wit! knownas Directory. against co! ecutive, This then app* h the legislative councils, However the Dire who then sought to dismiss them This political instability of directory paved the way for the rise of military dictator, Napoleon who between 1793 to 1796 conquered most of the central Europe and defeated Austria, Prussia and Russia to become national Hero. The production of food grain didn the price of bread rose rapidly. increase in population, so "t keep pace with the rapid ‘As wages were fixed for the workers, the rising price of bread got out of their reach, er there was drought or hail and thus an Situation worsen whenev of livelihood extreme situation prevailed where the basic means were endangered-called subsistence crisis This situation triggered the bell of French Revolution as angry women stormed into the bakery shop after spending hours in long queues as cold winter had destroyed the harvest asking for bread, while their They marched towards the king’s palac This led to a chain of men were striking in tennis court for justice. events which culminated in French Revolution. In 1791 the National Assembly completed the draft of the constitution. ne constitution began with a declaration of Rights of Man and itizen, ea such as right to fife, freedom of speech, freedom of opinion, equality before law were established as natural and inalienable rights. 74 Class IX - Social Science(iv) These rights were considered as a right by birth which cannot be taken away (v) Itwas the duty of state to protect each citizen’s natural rights. (10) (i) French Revolution was fought by all unprivileged sections of the French society like-merchants, peasants, landless-labourers, women ete. (ii) All had their own believes and aspiration from French Revolution (il) Theyaspired for a better life in terms of food and work, iv) However it didn’t fulfil those aspirations, like political rights was reserved for wealthy class, women had to fight for almost two century before they got voting rights in 1946. (v) Actually its very own principles of liberty and equality were violated when they denied the rights to its poor citizen, women and slaves who got emancipated ultimately in 1848.