TIME AND MOTION STUDY: SIGNIFICANT FACTORS AFFECTING IN

HOUSE FLEET UTILIZATION IN SAPROLITE MINING OPERATION OF

TAGANITO MINING CORPORATION

A Report Submitted to the Office of the Mine Division of

TAGANITO MINING CORPORATION
Taganito, Claver Surigao Del Norte

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MINING ENGINEERING (BSEM)
Mine Practice or On-the-Job Training

[ Complete Name ]
A student of [ School (complete name) ]

April 2022
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I.....................................................................................................................................1
Introduction..................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of the Objective.....................................................................................................2
1.3 Statement of the Problem.......................................................................................................2
1.4 Scope and Limitation.............................................................................................................2
Hypothesis....................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER II...................................................................................................................................3
Review of Related Literature.......................................................................................................3
CHAPTER III..................................................................................................................................5
Methodology................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Methodological Framework.......................................................................................................6
CHAPTER IV..................................................................................................................................7
Results and Discussions...............................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION................................................................................9
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................10

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Average Cycle Time with Delay And Without Delay.......................................................8

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework....................................................................................................5
Figure 2. Methodological Framework.............................................................................................6
Figure 3. Delays in Travel Time from Mine Block to Unloading Area..........................................8
Figure 4. Delays in Travel Time from Unloading Area to Mine Block..........................................9

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 CHAPTER I

Introduction

1.1 Background and Significance of the Study

We have known that there are several mines all across the Philippines particularly in

Mindanao where Taganito Mining is a substantial company that has been active in Claver ever

since that is well recognized. Additionally, it has sister businesses in other part Surigao locations

that have considerably aided the local populations as well as the growth of society because of the

good production of the company. The barangays Hayanggabon, Urbiztondo, Taganito, and

Cagdianao, which are located in the municipality of Claver which is in the province of Surigao

del Norte. The Surigao Mineral Reservation is where its operational area is located. The nearby

Taganito HPAL facility of THPAL receives limonite ore and non-mining services from TMC in

addition to exporting saprolite and limonite ore. TMC diversified natural resources development

of the company with capabilities as the biggest lateritic nickel ore producer in the Philippines

and one of the largest in the world, as well as a rising interest in the development of renewable

energy sources.

The Taganito Mining Corporation has joined up with a variety of contractors to improve

manufacturing efficiency and speed year after year. Each time they are paid, the company would

rent out these contractors' many employees and facilities. Together with the company's

workforce and the employees of its contractors can obtain the target material that must be

transported throughout the year. However, it is not anticipated such challenges that can

frequently affect the manufacture of the material would occur during the production process due

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to unforeseen unfavorable weather or heavy rainfall that may have a negative effect on output of

the company and inevitably meet equipment issues.

However, the TMC trainees have been given the task of conducting a research that could

help or provide further analysis based on the current fundamental issue that cause a slow

production of the material. These trainees recorded their data based on the results of their survey

within the allotted time for their tasks. Here we will find out what are the factors that cause the

delay of the production and for the management to resolve, organize and to maintain the good

outcomes of the company.

The focus of this research is to conduct a scholarly evaluation to identify the factors most

likely to have an impact on the productivity of hauling equipment and its cycle time.

Additionally, a real inquiry of the Service Contractors' time spent working for Taganito Mining

Corporation is included. The goal was to look into the mining operations, find restrictions, and

gather cycle time data to figure out how long it would actually take to complete optimization in

total. Following interpretation of the data (analysis and outcomes), statistical calculations to

determine the typical loading, hauling, and maneuvering times are performed (dumping and

queuing 2 times). The excess times for each cycle time component were then calculated by

comparing the actual cycle time to the theoretical cycle time.

Motion analyses are carried out to eliminate unnecessary tasks and pinpoint the root of

delays. Any time study, job scheduling, workload balancing, or standard time calculation should

be supported and evaluated before improving the output quality or quantity from a mining

operation. An on-site project study was carried out from March 22 to March 23, 2022, with the

goal of optimizing the cycle time to assess productivity and offer the budgeting cost estimation

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of the service contractors at Taganito Mining Corporation. The investigation's primary goal was

to identify the real cycle time components. These include the DTs' loading, queuing, hauling, and

dumping times (Dump Trucks).

1.2 Statement of the Objective

The overall objective of this study is to provide the following:

1. To ascertain the precise time in seconds, required for certain task to be completed.

2. To locate the certain areas in the field that contribute to the delays encountered in

each cycle time.

3. To determine the factors that cause the delays of the in house saprolite mining

operation.

4. To compare the cycle time with delay and cycle time without delay.

5. To provide such activities or study that analyze the problem involve the delay of

cycle time.

6. To know the possible solutions that can be applied in order to fix the problems in

each delays.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

This study will address the following questions:

1. What are the delays?

2. What are the causes of the delays?

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 3. What are the average hauling time in each sources? How does it affect the cycle

time?

4. What is the fleet requirement?

5. What are the reasons behind long traffic stoppage?

1.4 Scope and Limitation

This study focuses mainly on finding out the significant factors that affects fleet

utilization of in house, in the saprolite mining operation of TMC in TAGA 3 ridge. The Data

collection will be during the observation on duty of the trainees in the certain area.

Hypothesis

The traineeds assumed that the weather condition, road structures, equipmen conditions and the

bucket size of the excavator caused the delays in cycle time of in house TMC equipment.

CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

2.1 Time and Motion Study, Analysis through Statistics

Time and Motion Study in the evaluation of industrial performance, analysis of the time

spent in going through the different motions of a job or series of jobs. In the early 20th century,

time-and-motion studies were first implemented in offices and factories in the United States. By

dividing down the various processes of a task into measurable elements, these studies were

widely adopted as a way to improve the working procedures. Such analyses were, in turn, used

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as aids to standardization of work and in checking the efficiency of people and equipment and

the mode of their combination.

Lillian Gilbreth developed the time-and-motion analysis method in order to improve the

productivity of industrial workers and thus their output. The Gilbreths developed a method of

time-and-motion study that systematically investigated and analyzed the mechanics and timing

of specific tasks, and their research resulted in the publication of Motion Study in 1911.

The important thing in order to determine the success and performance of a company.

This happen because, time is the measurement tools the level of company’s performance. The

success of a product or service would be measured through time studies, time standards, work

sampling, and customer dissatisfaction. The motion study element consists of a wide range of

approaches for the description, systematic analysis, and improvement of working methods taking

into account the input materials, output design, process, or order task, the fees, the setting, the

tools required for each stage of the process, and the labor involved in each step. Simplification is

most effective method to reduce cost, that saving would be smaller compare to elimination or

combining but still can be simplified. When it comes to studying time, there are many different

methods that can be used to estimate how long a task will take a human, a machine, or a

combination of both, under ideal measuring conditions. Time study is include using stopwatch,

'Predetermined Motion Time System or Synthetic Time System', and 'Work or Activity

Sampling". However, in this study, only the time study using Stopwatch Time Study will be used

in the time measurement. The time study was also allowed to deduct all boarders.

2.2 Cycle Time Studies

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 Cycle time reduction plays a vital role when an organization is aiming to increase its

efficiency, productivity and customer responsiveness. Cycle time is the duration needed to

complete any certain task that runs from the beginning of one process on a specific machine to

the conclusion of the final process in the creation of a part. This cycle time can be measured

using View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided

by Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM time study techniques such as StopWatch time study,

and Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) (Fang, 2015).

Cycle time is the total amount of time needed to accomplish a task, assignment, or

operation. In other words, the total time needed to complete the procedure may be determined. A

cycle time starts when the operation starts and stops when the operation is finished. When

production starts or when a unit's production begins, the loop period begins and concludes with

the conclusion of its production. A manufacturing operation entails a vast number of minor tasks,

and these activities take time and resources. Many of these unwanted actions are the result of

ineffective manufacturing techniques. Therefore, in order to reduce cycling time, organizational

professionals deliberately seek out and eliminate activities that have no impact on the production

process.

To calculate the ideal number of DTs to use for each loading in the system, Ercelebi and

Bascetin (2009) created a model based on closed queuing network theory. Additionally, they

decided how the DTs should be sent to the excavator using a linear programming approach. The

Orhaneli open pit coal mine served as the site of the case study.

According to Ercelebi and Bascetin, the productivity of the machinery has a significant

role in profitability, and TXs-DTs systems are most frequently used in open pit mining. The goal

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of creating a model was to boost output and maximum productivity, which will lead to decreased

costs and more profitability.

2.3 Impact Variables of Dump Truck Cycle Time for Heavy Excavation

Construction Projects

The productivity of a project is strongly influenced by the cycle time of the construction

machinery used for earthwork operations. Dump truck cycle time can be defined as the

summation of time for loading, hauling, idle and dumping for a truck. Productivity has

traditionally been used as a significant measure when evaluating construction workers. Dump

truck cycle time has been identified as a key component in the assessment of construction

productivity. Because of the significant impact of dump truck cycle time on the overall

productivity of a construction project, it is the goal of this study to identify and analyze

significant variables that influence this cycle time. A set of ratios and standard values for haul

trucks and excavation equipment are one method that is commonly used to measure the

productivity of equipment.

Numerous studies on construction productivity have been performed as a result of the

massive influences that productivity has on the success of construction projects. A number of

broad variables, such as the environment and the site construction productivity is impacted by

factors, managerial tactics, and design elements.

Multiple broad factors including environmental conditions, sit attributes, management

strategies and design component have been determined to impact construction productivity

impact of external variables on the equipment’s daily productivity. A variety of options are

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available for transporting material relatively long distances on construction sites including dump

trucks and scrapers. ADT were chosen as the haul equipment due to the availability during the

operation. Other studies have identified a few variables a potentially impacting the productivity

of a dump truck including payload, available electronics on travel time.

CHAPTER III

Methodology

3.1 Conceptual Framework

CORRELATIVE
ANALYSIS BETWEEN
CONTRACTOR'S
FLEET UTILIZATION
IN BARGING
OPERATION

DAT
A
CYCLE TIME CYCLE TIME WITH
WITHOUT DELAY DELAY

3.2 Methodological Framework

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

CALCULATION OF
SYSTEMATIC
SELECTING DATA NECESSARY
DATA DATA ANALYSIS
PERIMETER/AREA GATHERING OUTPUT FOR
ESTABLISHING
ANALYSIS
Figure 2. Methodological Framework

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The methodology used in the study, including the selection of the perimeter/area, data gathering,

systematic data establishment, calculation of the required output for analysis, and data analysis,

is shown in Figure 2.

Selecting a perimeter or area. In the TAGA 1 Ridge, the trainees were assigned of the said area

to perform activities necessary for conducting research.

1. And we were required to study the cycle time components of the mine operation in the

different contractors to generate the actual data for limonite mining operations.

Data Gathering. The time and motion study template was provided by the data management

section for the implementation of the data collection process. It includes all the format

requirements as well as the time of arrival at the source, the time spent in line for loading, the

time spent loading TX, the time spent hauling, the time spent dumping DTs, the time it takes

DTs to return to the loading point after being unloaded, the ODO of DTs per round trips, and the

SMR of the TXs loaded per DTs. In addition, they gave two more templates for the delays: one

for the journey time from the mine block to the unloading area and the other for the transit time

from the unloading area to the mining block, where you can include any delays you experience

during cycle time operations.

Systematic Data Establishing. Adding all the collected data to the template provided will produce

organized, reliable information that is ready for computations and analysis.

Calculation of Necessary output for analysis.Carrying out the necessary calculations, in

particular the mean and median of the cycle time with delays, the total time without delays, and

the total delay time further calculating the prorated simulation for SMR per loads as well as the

hourly total ODO.

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Data analysis. We need to provide both quantitative and qualitative analysis, especially on the

average cycle time with delays, total time without delays, and total delay time. And the statistical

analysis to support quantitatively all the conclusions.

CHAPTER IV

Results and Discussions

If you have tables, provide explanation …

If you have graphs, then provide explanation …

Table 1. Average Cycle Time with Delay And Without Delay [ Sample Only ]

SOURCES AVERAGE CYCLE AVERAGE CYCLE TIME LOST

TIME W/ DELAY WITHOUT DELAY TIME
TAGA 3 MB 0:54:41 0:33:43 0:20:58
115

Figure 3. Delays in Travel Time from Mine Block to Unloading Area

[ Sample Graph Only ]

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 Delays in Travel Time from Mine Block
to Unloading Area
Figure 4. Delays in Travel Time from Unloading Area to Mine Block [ Sample
Graph Only ]
02:52:48

02:24:00

01:55:12
DELAY TIME

CONCLUSION &
01:26:24

00:57:36

00:28:48

00:00:00
Breakdown Area Preparation
DELAY TYPES Queing for unloading
Temporary stop Queing at loading area Personal matter

RECOMMENDATION

In conclusion [ It should be clear here your propose conclusion based on the outcome of the
study, and recommendation should address what you stated in your statement of the problem ]

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Bibliography

[ Provide here the references of your cited Literature ]

1. M. Nehring., P.F Knights, M.S Kizil, E. Hay. 2018. A comparison of strategic mine planning
approaches for in-pit crushing and conveying, and truck/shovel systems. Pages 205-214 [Sample
Only ]

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