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CHARACTERISTICS,
STRENGTHS AND
WEAKNESSES, KINDS,
AND IMPORTANCE OF
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH

Characteristics Strengths: • Qualitative research complements quantitative data.

• Qualitative research provides more detailed
of Qualitative • Qualitative research is naturalistic.
information to explain complex issues.
Research • Qualitative research is purposeful. • Qualitative research is cost efficient
• Qualitative research is detailed.
• Qualitative research requires
engagement and neutrality.
• Qualitative research follows an
inductive procedure.
• Qualitative research is viewed in a
holistic perspective.

Weaknesses • Qualitative research cannot generalize the findings to

the study population.
• Qualitative research is more difficult to analyze.
• Qualitative research is time consuming.

KINDS OF
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH

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1. Phenomenological • This kind of qualitative research Example: A researcher aims to determine the
focuses on subjective lived experiences challenges and coping mechanisms of
of the participants in order to senior high school working students in
understand phenomenon. Here, the the lone district in Bulacan.
researcher is concerned with the
feelings of the participants regarding a
particular event or activity, hence, the
uniqueness of their lived situations can
be described. Interview is the common
instrument used for its data collection
with the suggested sample size ranging
from 5 to 25.

2. Ethnographic • It is a kind of qualitative research which Example: A researcher seeks to characterize the
concentrates on the study of group of survival strategies of families in an urban
people in a particular environment. To poor community.
characterize behaviors, cultures,
challenges, and possible occurring
themes, the researcher is required to
engage himself/herself with the
participants through immersion in an
extended period of time. Observation,
along with the use of interview and
survey, is an essential instrument for
this type of study.

3. Grounded • This kind of qualitative research intends to

explain phenomenon through developing
Example: A researcher attempts to conceptualize
the breast cancer survivorship process
Theory a theory. In comparison with among Bulakenyos.
phenomenological study that primarily
describes lived experiences, grounded
theory aims to provide explanation and
theory behind those lived experiences.
Interview and supporting documents are
the commonly used data collection
instrument for its participants
approximately ranging from 20 to 30 or
until data achieve saturation.

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4. Case • It is a qualitative research kind which

allows the researcher to have an
Example: A researcher aims to explain the causes
of the reading difficulty of a grade 5
Study intensive analysis of the phenomenon. struggling reader.
The aim of this study is to accurately
describe the case through an in-depth
examination of a single person or single
institution. With this, thorough
interview, observation, and
documentation are all utilized as
multiple data collection instruments.

5. Historical. • This qualitative research kind is Example: A researcher attempts to explore the
concerned with the identification, nature and context of the political
evaluation, and synthesis of past event leadership of Bulacan governors.
data. Further, it aims to understand
present patterns and to anticipate
future choices through clearly relating
the past event data which are obtained
from sources such as documents, relics
and artifacts, and oral reports.

5. Narrative • Life accounts of individuals based on their

personal experiences are typically
5. Narrative • Hence, a phenomenological research
may use narrative, but narrative
obtained and analyzed in the conduct of
research does not necessarily need
this kind of qualitative research. The
primary objective of the study is to extract phenomenological. Discourse analysis
meaningful context based on the is one of the commonly and widely
documented experiences. Unlike employed approaches of narrative
phenomenological research which focuses research.
on describing and explaining phenomenon
through the lived experiences of the
participants, narrative research focuses
merely on the nature of the story told by
the participants.

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Example • A researcher seeks to describe the daily teaching

experiences of millennial teachers in the Schools Identify the 1. A researcher seeks to characterize the struggles
faced by student-athletes.
Division of San Jose del Monte City.
type of 2. A researcher seeks to explore the development in the
courtship letter writing style among Bulakenyos.

qualitative 3. A researcher aims to describe the language

challenges of hearing-impaired students in a SPED
research class.

given on the 4. A researcher attempts to generate a theory of

defense mechanisms of students who experience

following 5.
school bullying.
A researcher seeks to characterize the survival
strategies of families in an urban poor community.
6. A researcher aims to explain the lived experiences of
the COVID-19 survivors in the province of Bulacan.

Qualitative • With this, the perspectives,

WHY IS
expressions, and activities of the
research is participants play a vital role to
known for
QUALITATIVE providing
unveiling the local context across
different fields.

RESEARCH meaning to
understand
• The development in any fields such as
in education, business, medical and

IMPORTANT? an existing
health allied services, etc. is made
possible by means of qualitative
phenomenon. researches.