The Hindu News Analysis – 14th October 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy

S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

1 Taking the lead in saving the sea cows that battle for survival 18 - - - -

2 SC delivers split verdict on Karnataka hijab ban 1, 10 1, 12 1, 12 1, 12 1, 10

T&C T&C T&C T&C

3 The Interpol General Assembly meeting in Delhi (Text & Context) 1 1
10
1 1

ISRO’s own Next-Gen Launch Vehicle may assume the role of

4 1, 10 1, 12 1, 12 1, 12 1, 10
PSLV soon
5 Heavy rain hits Anantapur in A.P.; floods several areas 20 6 7 - 7

6 A quest for the ‘ghost’ cat based on lore 12 14 14 14 12

7 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video
8 Mains Practice Question
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram
Pg: 18 – Chennai edition
Dugong

• Binomial name - Dugong dugon.

Characteristics
• Family - Dugongidae.
• Only existing herbivorous mammal species that
• Order - Sirenia. lives exclusively in the sea.

• State animal - Andaman and Nicobar • Diet - sea-grass, other aquatic vegetation.
Islands.
• Physical characteristics

• Length - 3m

• Weight - 400 kg.

• Expanded head and trunk-like upper lip.

Habitat Habitat - India

• Distribution - shallow tropical waters of • Not found along the entire coastline of
Indo-Pacific Region. India.

• Australia - largest populations. • Life - Mostly in ocean & sometimes in

brackish water.
Conservation
Previous Year Question – Prelims 2015
• Schedule 1 of the Wildlife Protection Act, Q. With reference to ‘dugong’, a mammal
1972. found in India, which of the following
statements is/are correct?
• IUCN red list - ‘vulnerable’.
1. It is a herbivorous marine animal.
• CITES convention - Appendix 1.
2. It is found along the entire coast of
• CITES India.
3. It is given legal protection under
Convention on International Trade in
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife (Protection)
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Act, 1972.
Flora.
Select the correct answer using the code
International agreement between govts. given below.
a) 1 and 2
Purpose - to ensure international trade
b) 2 only
does not threaten survival of flora and
c) 1 and 3
fauna. d) 3 only
Pgs: 1, 10 – C, T;
Pgs: 1, 12 – D, B, H;
 View of Justice Hemant Gupta View of Justice Sudhanshu Dhulia

Apparent symbols of religious belief

Wearing or not wearing a hijab to school
cannot be worn to secular schools
was “ultimately a matter of choice”
maintained from State funds

"Secularity" means uniformity Secularity meant tolerance to “diversity”

1. An invasion of their privacy

Adherence to uniform is a reasonable
2. An attack on their dignity
restriction
3. Denial of secular education
Indian Secularism

• Normative doctrine - seeks to realise a secular

society.

• Promotes freedom within religions.

• Promotes equality between & within religions.

• Positive concept of secularism -

Equal respect to all religions.

Protecting all religions equally.

 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following pairs:
Articles Fundamental Right
1. Articles 14 to 18 - Right to equality
2. Articles 19 to 22 - Right to freedom
3. Articles 23 to 24 - Right against
exploitation
4. Articles 25 to 28 - Right to freedom
of religion
How many pairs given above are correctly
matched?
a) Only one pair
b) Only two pairs
c) Only three pairs
d) Only four pairs
Pg: 1 – Text & Context – C, T , B, H; Pg: 10 – D;
 Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks)
Current events of national and international importance.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies‐II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and
International relations.
• Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India
and/or affecting India’s interests.
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on
India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
• Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure,
mandate.
INTERPOL

• 1923 - setup.

• 195 member countries.

• Function -

Acts as a secure information-sharing platform.

Enable sharing & access data on crimes and

criminals.

Offer a range of technical & operational

support.

Keeps a track on the movements of criminals.

Promote widest-possible mutual assistance

between criminal police forces.
Organisational setup

• Head of INTERPOL - President.

Elected by - General Assembly.

One of the member-nations.

Tenure - four years.

• General Assembly - INTERPOL’s supreme

governing body.

Meets once a year & each session

lasts around four days.

Lays down - policy for execution.

• Secretariat -

Take care of day-to-day activities of Interpol.

Overseen by a full-time Secretary General.

How Interpol works in other countries?

• Each member hosts - INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB).

• Serves as a country’s focal point

for all INTERPOL activities.

• In India - CBI.

• I-24/7 - Secure global police

communications network.
INTERPOL Notices: Red notice:

• International requests for cooperation or alerts. • Structured communication issued by the

Interpol to all member-nations.
• Published by General Secretariat - at request
of a National Central Bureau. • Communication of notified name’s
identification should be sent to the
particular country.
Expectation from the Delhi meeting:

• Concerned about smuggling of narcotics and Practice Question – Mains

weapons.
GS – II
Q. INTERPOL Notices are international
What are Interpol’s future challenges? requests for cooperation or alerts
allowing police in member countries to
• Globally coordinated law enforcement
share critical crime-related information.
response. In that line, explain how INTERPOL
• Gaining authority to impose sanctions on a Notices helps in curbing transnational
nation - refuses to assist in the
cybercrimes.
implementation of a Red notice. (150 Words, 10 Marks)
Pgs: 1, 10 – C, T;
Pgs: 1, 12 – D, B, H;
Differences between PSLV and GSLV

• Based on generation

PSLV - 3rd generation LV.

GSLV - 4th generation LV.

1st gen - Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV).

2nd gen - Augmented Satellite Launch

Vehicle (ASLV).

• Based on satellites carrying

PSLV - earth-observation or remote-sensing

satellites.

GSLV - communication-satellites.
• Based on the delivery orbits GSLV - three stages

PSLV - Sun-Synchronous circular polar First stage - solid rocket motor

orbits of 600 Km altitude. Second stage - liquid rocket engine

GSLV - highly elliptical Geo-synchronous Third stage - indigenously built Cryogenic

Transfer Orbit. engine.

{Cryogenic engine carries Liquid Hydrogen as

• Based on stages fuel and Liquid Oxygen as Oxidiser}

PSLV - four stages.

• Based on strap-on motors
First and third - solid rocket motors.
PSLV - 6 strap-on motors to augment the
Second and fourth - liquid rocket thrust.
engines.
GSLV - 4 liquid engine strap-on motors.
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements with
respect to Geosynchronous Satellite Launch
Vehicle MK III:
• Based on Variants
1. It is a 4-staged launch vehicle.
PSLV - based on strap-on boosters -
2. It uses fully indigenous high thrust
PSLV-CA, PSLV-G, PSLV-XL etc.
cryogenic engine named ‘CE20' for upper
GSLV - based on the lift off capacity - stage.
GSLV Mk 1, GSLV Mk II, & GSLV Mk III. 3. It is mainly used to deliver the
communication-satellites.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Pg: 20 – C;
Pg: 6 – B;
Pg: 7 – D, T;
Disaster Management Act, 2005
• Disaster - a catastrophe, mishap, calamity
• Efficient management of disasters. or grave occurrence in any area, arising

• Came into force - January 2006. from natural or man-made causes.

• Establishment for disaster management • Disaster management - continuous &

authorities at national, state and district integrated process of planning, organizing,

level. coordinating & implementing measures which

are necessary to manage disasters.
National Disaster Management Authority
State Disaster Management Authority
• Apex body at national level.
• State level apex body.
• Head - Prime Minister of India.
• Head - Chief Minister of the concerned
• Other members - not exceeding 9.
state.
• Role:
• Role
Lays down the policies, plans and
Lays down policies and plans for disaster
guidelines for disaster management.
management in the State.
Ensures timely and effective response to
disaster at national level.
 Practice Question – Prelims
District Disaster Management Authority
Q. Consider the following statements with
• State Governments - need to establish for respect to National Disaster Response Force
every district in the State.
(NDRF):
1. NDRF was constituted under the Disaster
• Head - District Collector.
Management Act, 2005 for a specialized
• Role response to natural disasters only.

Planning, coordinating and implementing the 2. NDRF comprise of 12 battalions, which

are trained and equipped to respond to
disaster management policies.
disasters.
Take measures for the purposes of
Which of the statements given above is/are
disaster management in the district. correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Pg: 12 – C, T;
Pg: 14 – D, B, H;
Snow Leopards

• Beautiful, spotted coat.

Purpose

Insulation

Hunting
Prey Threats

• Blue sheep, ibex, marmots, pikas and hares. • Expansion of human settlement.

• Increased human-animal conflict.

• Killing to prevent predation of domestic

animals.

• Poaching

Blue Sheep • Illegal trade - Pelts & body parts.

Ibex
Conservation

• IUCN Red list - Vulnerable. • SECURE Himalaya:

• CITES - Appendix I. Part of “Global Partnership on Wildlife

Conservation and Crime Prevention for
• Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 - Schedule I.
Sustainable Development.

Contributes to the Global Snow Leopard

Conservation efforts of India Ecosystem Protection Program.

• Project Snow Leopard: Joint initiative of 12 range countries.

Inclusive and participatory approach.

Why to conserve
News
• Top predators.
• Estimation of snow leopards in Arunachal
• Disrupt ecological balance. Pradesh.

• Increase in herbivorous population. • Technical support from world wildlife fund

for nature.
• Change in landscape.
• WWF India - data analysis of the survey.

• Eastern Himalayas - priority global region

of WWF and the Living Himalayas Network
Initiative.
 Living Himalayas Initiative

The Living Himalayas Initiative (LHI) is one of the 13 Global Initiatives established by WWF in
2009 to bring about transformational conservation impact in the three Eastern Himalayan countries
of Bhutan, India (North-East) and Nepal through;
1. CATALYSING environment for investments in the development of sustainable and climate
resilient infrastructure that does not compromise freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems and
their biodiversity and
2. UPSCALING conservation efforts through continued and new partnership for an ecologically
contiguous mosaic of conservation spaces of the freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems across
the Eastern Himalayas.
The Eastern Himalayas is one of the world’s most biodiversity rich regions. This biodiversity - along
with livelihoods, traditions and ways of life of local communities - is underpinned by the ecological
health of the major rivers that it feeds. According to WWF, one in five people on Earth depend on
the fresh water that flows from the Eastern Himalayas.
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements
regarding Snow Leopards:
1. Snow Leopards are considered as the
ghosts of the mountains.
2. Snow Leopards are categorized as
Endangered under IUN Red List.
Which of the statements given above
is/are incorrect?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 Previous Year Question – Prelims 2015
Q. With reference to ‘dugong’, a mammal
found in India, which of the following
statements is/are correct?
1. It is a herbivorous marine animal.
2. It is found along the entire coast of
India.
3. It is given legal protection under
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife (Protection)
Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code
given below.
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3
d) 3 only
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following pairs:
Articles Fundamental Right
1. Articles 14 to 18 - Right to equality
2. Articles 19 to 22 - Right to freedom
3. Articles 23 to 24 - Right against
exploitation
4. Articles 25 to 28 - Right to freedom
of religion
How many pairs given above are correctly
matched?
a) Only one pair
b) Only two pairs
c) Only three pairs
d) Only four pairs
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements with
respect to Geosynchronous Satellite Launch
Vehicle MK III:
1. It is a 4-staged launch vehicle.
2. It uses fully indigenous high thrust
cryogenic engine named ‘CE20' for upper
stage.
3. It is mainly used to deliver the
communication-satellites.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements with
respect to National Disaster Response Force
(NDRF):
1. NDRF was constituted under the Disaster
Management Act, 2005 for a specialized
response to natural disasters only.
2. NDRF comprise of 12 battalions, which
are trained and equipped to respond to
disasters.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 Practice Question – Prelims
Q. Consider the following statements
regarding Snow Leopards:
1. Snow Leopards are considered as the
ghosts of the mountains.
2. Snow Leopards are categorized as
Endangered under IUN Red List.
Which of the statements given above
is/are incorrect?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 Practice Question – Mains
GS – II
Q. INTERPOL Notices are international
requests for cooperation or alerts
allowing police in member countries to
share critical crime-related information.
In that line, explain how INTERPOL
Notices helps in curbing transnational
cybercrimes.
(150 Words, 10 Marks)