7

Arts
Quarter 2– Module 5
The Design, Form and Spirit of
Artifacts and Art Objects from
MIMAROPA and the Visayas

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Arts – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Second Quarter – Module 5: The Design, Form and Spirit of Artifacts and Art objects
from MIMAROPA and the Visayas
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education-Region 10

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Garcia, Jr. CESO V
Development Team of the Module
Author/s: Cerivel P. Egar - TIII Elizabeth P. Sia - TI Jhoanna Lovely O. Tan - TI
Reviewers: Juliet C. Lapiz - Principal I Nimfa V. Labad - HT-III
Thessa Lore C. Tercera Jerome Bullifer T-I
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Marklen L. Guimbao T-I Patrick Dennis J. Antipala T-I
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director

Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V

Asst. Regional Director

Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI

Schools Division Superintendent

Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS

Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Patria Gloria P. Iman, EPS – MAPEH
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Susan A. Baco, PSDS
Fernan C. Lanzaderas, EPS II (Social Mobilization)
Claudio T. Catalon, Principal III/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education –Region 10
Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue,Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City
Contact Number: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph
 7
Arts
Second Quarter – Module 5
The Design, Form and Spirit of
Artifacts and Art objects from
MIMAROPA and the Visayas

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at action@ deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Introductory Message
For the learner:

Welcome to the Arts 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on (The Design, Form
and Spirit of Artifacts and Art objects from MIMAROPA and the V/isayas)

Do you love art? Have you ever dreamed of becoming an artist? Art has been a part
of our life for as long as humanity has existed. For thousands of years people have
been creating, looking at, criticizing, and enjoying art. I would like to address three
questions: what is art, what is its purpose, and why has it survived for this long.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. It will enable you to
process the contents of the learning resource while being and active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take.
If you get all the answers correctly, you may
decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity or a
situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice

to solidify your understanding and skills of the
topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the
module.
 What I Have Learned This includes questions, sentences and
paragraphs to be filled in to process what you
have learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real
life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to

you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2

Lesson 1 ----------------
What’s In ---------------- 4
What’s New ---------------- 6
What is It ---------------- 7
What’s More ---------------- 12

What I Have Learned ---------------- 14

What I Can Do ---------------- 15
Assessment ---------------- 19
Additional Activities ---------------- 21
Answer Key ---------------- 22
References ---------------- 23
 What I Need to Know

This module will help you learn in making mat and basket weaving. These artworks and
crafts are used as integral part of their livelihood as farmers. You will be also familiar with the
different arts and crafts from different places in MIMAROPA regions and Visayas group of
islands that will be helpful in appreciating the diversity of their culture.

After going through this module, you are expected to incorporate the design, form and
spirit of artifacts and art objects from MIMAROPA and the Visayas.
Specifically, you are expected to
1. identify the artifacts and art objects from MIMAROPA and Visayas group of
islands
2. create a basket using MIMAROPA’s design
3. show patience and exerts effort in weaving basket.

After reading the objectives, do

the following activities in What
I Know to check your prior
knowledge about the lesson.

1
 What I Know

Test I. Multiple choice.

Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which group of people is living in the Southern part of Mindoro?

A. Hiraya B.Tadyawan C.Ratagnon D. Hanunu-o Mangyan
2. Which leaves of a plant that is used in weaving of the Marinduquenos?
A. Abaca B. Buli C. Piña D. Nito
3. Which of the following is a harvest basket made of blackened and natural
bamboo?
A. Buri B. Nito C. Rattan D.Tingkop
4. Which island is NOT part of MIMAROPA?
A. Mindoro B. Marinduque C.Panglao Island D.Romblon
5. In making basket, which material does NOT belong to the group?
A. Colored paper B. Coconut leaves C.Pair of scissors D. Pins
6. What type of cloth worn by woman as skirt and usually paired with a kimona?
A. Oxford B. Piña C. Patadyong D.Satin
7. What type of weaving is made from tikog that grows in swampy areas?
A. Banig B. Hablon weaving C. Piña weaving D. Sinamay
8. What plant is used in weaving and naturally renewable palm that grows in the
tropical regions of Africa?
A. Abaca B. Nito C.Rattan D. Romblon
9. What leaf of a plant that grows abundantly in Mindanao Southern Philippines?
A. Coconut leaf B. Nito C. Romblon leaf D. NONE of the above
10. Which plants is NOT a materials used in weaving?
A. Coconut B. Abaca C. Cactus D. Nito

2
Test II. LOOP A WORD

Directions. Copy the puzzle below. Encircle the words that are related with types of
stitches.

c o c o n u t s d e

r d g h y g o k i t

a s w f a c a e d s

t w a e i e f b r s

t e a g h n t i o a

a c b a t n h o m u

n s f e b n c d b g

a s d a b a c a l e

o n a c b a d f o e

o t i n o d g s n o

Do not worry if you were

not able to get the correct
answer. You will learn
more about them as you
go on.

3
 The Design, Form and Spirit
Lesson
of Artifacts and Art objects
from MIMAROPA and the
Visayas Group of Islands

The Island provinces of Marinduque, Oriental Mindoro, Occidental Mindoro, and

Romblon are known for fine baskets. For example, the Iraya Mangyan in

Mindoro is showing love of making basket with complicated patterns and

designs for men, animals, trees, and other objects. In Marinduque, mat weaving from
buri or raffia plant is the popular craft. The men of Palawan are skillful wood carvers
while women are expert weavers. Tingcop is a cone-shape colander harvest basket
made of blackened and natural bamboo.

Before you start the lesson, let

us find out what you know about
art appreciation. Here are some
activities prepared for you… Are
you ready?

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you have learned the mood and the message of a
particular artwork. Along the activity, you were able to give meanings of the selected
artifacts and art objects in MIMAROPA and Visayas group of islands. You also made
used of your local art object and enhanced your skills in appreciating arts.

4
 The island provinces of Marinduque, Oriental Mindoro, Occidental Mindoro, and
Romblon are known for basket making and mat weaving. Weaving basket has always
been a traditional craft of the Irana- Mangyan in Mindoro.

The raw materials used in making basket are rattan, abaca, nito, tikog, buri,
bamboo, pandan and coconut leaves that are naturally grown in their area.
To understand more about weaving, let us learn on how to weave basket
following their traditional ways and techniques.

Basket made of romblon

leaves

Guided Questions in art appreciation:

Read and answer the following questions.

1. What can you say about the object? Write your comments below.
2. Identify the elements and principles in arts that are being applied on the
object?

5
 What’s New

Directions: Read the questions carefully and base your answers on the given pictures
below.

A. B.

C.

1. Which of the pictures above is used for basket weaving?

2. Based on your answer in number one, which part of the plant can be used as
a good material for basket weaving?

6
 What is It

Now that you have an idea of

the things that you will be
learning in this module, it’s
time for you to officially start
the lesson.

MIMAROPA ARTS AND CRAFTS

Mindoro
Raw materials like nito and thick dried forest
vines are tied in a circular motion that result
to a unique pattern which can only be seen in their tribe. Nito basket

Marinduque. These palm leaves can be up to five

meters long that grow in their area.
Buli
bag
Romblon
Romblon is known not only its fine marble
poducts but also for the beautifully woven mats and
bags made out of romblon plants.
Romblon bag

Palawan
Tingkop is a type of Palawan traditional basket made
by the Palawan tribe. This basket is occasionally made of
blackened and natural bamboo, which makes the
designs stand out.
Tingkop basket
Visayas Group of Islands

7
Panay Islands
Weaving in Panay island is a primary form of arts
and crafts from indigenous fibers such as Jusi and piña.
Patadyong is a wrap-around piece of cloth worn by women
as skirt and is usually paired with a kimono. The patadyong is
open colorful and features linear and geometric designs. Sinamay weaving
The raw materials used for patadyong weaving is cotton
and abaca.

Piña weaving. These are scraped with a broken china plate

and beat by hand to reveal the first set of fiber called
bastos. After this, it is scraped with a coconut shell to get
the finer Linawan fibers. When about thousand leaves
have been scraped, it is then washed, partially sundried,
Piña weaving
squeezed and gently beaten by a bamboo stick to separate
the fibers. The fine fibers are then line-dried using an ordinary hair-comb. Thefibers are tied on
both ends, cut by a sharp bamboo stick, and boiled in a clay pot with sands to prevent tangles.

Negros Island
The island of Negros is called Buglas, the type of grass
similar to sugarcane that grows abundantly in the island.
Weaving is an integral part in the lives of the Negrenses. Their
weaving practices include roofing materials, walls, hats and
baskets using pandan and buri leaves. In Valencia, Negros
Oriental, Sinamay weaving is a world class industry. It is made Patadyong
from abaca twine and indigenous plants similar to banana.

8
Bohol

In the province of Bohol, most of the weavers

have developed the skills that earned them the title
“Basket Capital of Bohol” because of their hand woven
products that are made from raffia or buri leaves that are Antequera basket
abundant in the area.

9
BASEY SAMAR

The town Basey is known for its woven products

such as mats, wall, decoration, and the most colorful
sleeping mat called “banig”. It is made from tikog, a
reed grass that grows in swampy (wet areas) along the Banig made of tikog
rice fields.
The materials used in making design, form and spirit of artifacts and art objects
from MIMAROPA and Visayas group of Islands.

Tikog is a grassy plant with triangular stem that grows

in aquatic or grassy areas. It is harvested and formed
into mats.They are made into thicker mats for sleeping
all the way to finer thinner mats for products such as
the handbags. Tikog

Romblon is a type of screw pine found in many islands

in the Western Pacific. It grows in abundance by the
seashore and is a sustainable resource. The sword
shaped leaves are harvested leaving the plant to grow
new leaves for future use.
Romblon plant

Abaca is a leaf fiber composed of long slim cells

that form part of the leaf's supporting

Abaca plant
 structure. Abaca is obtained from the leaf sheaths (the lower part of a leaf) which
surround the plant's trunk.

Rattan is a naturally renewable palm that grows

in the tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Australia, and
is used for furniture, handicrafts, and building material
among others.

Rattan plant

Coconut Leaves are used in the Maldives as a

roofing material for houses, wrap rice for cooking, and
for storage in The Philippines. They have been used to
make toys in India to make brooms and burn to ash to
make lime.

Coconut leaves

Nito vine (Lygodium circinatum) is

a plant belonging to the fern family that grows
abundantly in Mindanao in Southern Philippines. It is a
vine growing as a secondary forest cover clinging to
trees and rocks. This climbing fern is very common in
the Philippines at low and medium heights. Nito plant
 Let’s see how much you
have learned. Can you
match the pictures in column
A with the descriptions in
column B? You can try it!

What’s More

Activity 1
Directions: Match the pictures in column A with the descriptions in column B and
identify the provinces or artifacts and art objects from MIMAROPA and Visayas
group of islands.

Column A Column B

Raw materials like nito and thick dried forest

vines are tied in a circular motion that result
to a unique pattern which can only be seen
in their tribe.

This palm leaves can be up to five meters

long that grow in their areas.

Romblon is not only known on its fine

marble products but also for the beautifully
woven mats and bags made out of romblon
plants.
 It is a type of Palawan traditional basket
made by the Palawan tribe. These basket
are occasionally made of blackened and
natural bamboo, which make the designs
stand out.

Sinamay weaving is a world class Industry.

It is made from abaca twine and indigenous
plants similar to banana.

Activity 2
Directions. Match the pictures in column A with the correct descriptions in column B.
Write T if it is true and F if it is false and change the description to make it true.

Column A Column B

1.
is a naturally renewable palm that
grows in the tropical regions of Africa,
Asia and Australia.

2.

is a grassy plant with triangular stem

that grows in aquatic or grassy areas.

3. are used in The Maldives as a roofing

material for houses, wrap rice for
cooking, and for storage in The
Philippines.
4.

is a plant belonging to the fern family

that grows abundantly in Mindanao in
Southern Philippines.

5.

Is a type of screw pine found in many

islands in the Western Pacific. It grows
in abundance by the seashore and is a
sustainable resource.

Great Job! The next activity will

help you test if you understood the
concept you have first learned.
Good luck!
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the following statements. Fill in the missing words below.

1. The group of people living in the Southern parts of Mindoro is

called_____________________.
2. In Marinduque people, weaving is a skill that has been passed on through the
years because of the abundance of the ____________( buri palm) and raffia that
grow in their areas.
3. In Palawan, the women and even the children are skillful and expert weavers.
_________________ is a cone-shape colander harvest basket made of blackened
and natural bamboo.
4. Piña weaving process are scraped with a broken china plate and beat by hand to reveal
the first set of fiber called ___________________.
5. _____________ is a grassy plant with triangular stem that grows in aquatic or
grassy areas.
What I Can Do

Now the next activity, will

guide you on how to do the
basket weaving. Are you
ready?
 Weaving your own basket

Directions: Follow the steps stated below in weaving your own basket and use available
materials which are easily found in your respective area for this activity.

Materials:
 Adhesives such as paste and glue (original).
 One pair of scissors
 Colored and plain paper, buri, bancuang or coconut leaves
 Your drawn design.
There are two optional materials in making basket.
Option A

Pair
of

scissors Glue Colored paper

Option B

Coconut Leaves

Glue Gun
Steps in making a basket

1. Prepare your materials. You will need seven strips to start with the base of your
basket and at least ten strips more for the side of the basket. Observe carefully the
pattern that you want for your basket. Use colored and plain strips alternate to create
a design in your basket. Arrange first the seven strips of coconut leaves that will serve
as the base for your basket as shown in illustration number 1.
2. Alternately, insert a strip of coconut leaves to crisscross with the ten strips as shown in
illustration number 2.
3. Get another strip as shown in illustration number 3, follow step number 2.
4. Repeat the procedure in 1 and 2 until you have already crisscrossed the 14 strips of
coconut leaves as shown in illustration number 4.
5. Start placing the side strips following the steps (1 to 4) since the beginning, this time in
circular direction as shown in illustrations number 5 to 11. Your base shall be like the
one shown on illustration number 12.

Illustrations:

1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
 9 1 1 1
0 1 2
0
Questions:
1. Do you think you have shown the value of being patient in doing the activity? How?

Rubric

5 4 3 2 1
Excellent Above Average Below Unsatisfactor
Average Average y

1. Elements of Planned Applied the Used some Used few Did not used any
Arts & carefully, principles of principles of elements of elements of arts
showed design using design but arts and did and principles of
Principles of effective use of one or more with few not apply the design in creating
Design the elements of elements of elements of principles of their artworks.
arts and applied arts in creating arts in their design in
principles of products or artworks. creating their
design to artwork that art works.
produce end illustrate the
products that characteristics
illustrate the of the arts of a
characteristics given place.
of the arts of a
given place.

2. Creativity/ Illustrated and Showed Did try an Did not try The students
Originality showed original original ideas idea, but it new idea or showed no
ideas and and lacks innovate on evidence of
interpretations interpretations originality did the materials original thought.
of the given but did not not innovate used.
activities or innovate on on the
artworks and the materials materials
innovates on used. used.
materials used.
3. Effort The activity is The activity is The activity The activity is The artwork is
Perseverance beautifully and finished and is finished finished and unfinished and
neatly finished passed on and passed passed on was not passed
and passed on time but shows on time but time but on time.
time lack of effort. needs many unfinished.
improvement
s.

4. Craftsmans The artwork With a little showed showed below The students
hip / skill/ was beautiful more effort, average average showed poor
and patiently the work could craftsmanshi craftsmanship craftsmanship;
Consistency done have been p; adequate, ; lack of pride evidence of
outstanding; but not as in finished laziness or lack of
lacks finishing good as it work. understanding
touches. could have
been a bit
careless.

Are you ready to check what you

have learned about the arts and
crafts in Mimaropa and Visayas?
The next activity will help you test
if you understood the lesson.

Assessment

Test I. Multiple Choice.

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which group of people is living in the Southern part of Mindoro?

A.Hiraya B.Tadyawan C.Ratagnon D. Hanunu-o Mangyan

2. Which leaves of a plant that is used in weaving of the Marinduquenos?
A. Abaca B. Buli C. Piña D. Nito

3. What province is known not only its fine marble products but also for the beautifully
woven mats and bags made out of romblon plants.
A. Romblon B. Mariduque C. Mindoro D. Palawan
4.What type of Palawan traditional basket made by the Palawan tribe which is made of
blackened and natural bamboo?
A.Nito basket B. Romblon C. Ratan D. Tingkop

5. What is a leaf fiber, composed of long thin cells that form part of the leaf's supporting
structure and it is obtained from the leaf sheaths (the lower part of a leaf) which
surround the plant's trunk?
A. Abaca B. Rattan C. Coconut leaf D. Pandan

6.What type of cloth worn by woman as skirt and is usually paired with a kimona?
A. Oxford B. Piña C. Patadyong D.Satin

7.What type of weaving is made from tikog that grows in swampy areas?
A. Banig B. Hablon weaving C. Piña weaving D. Sinamay

8.What plant used in weaving is a naturally renewable palm that grows in the tropical
regions of Africa?
A. Abaca B. Nito C.Rattan D. Romblon

9. What leaf of a plant that grows abundantly in Mindanao Southern Philippines?

A. Coconut leaf B. Palm leaf C. Romblon leaf D. NONE of the above

10.Which plant is NOT a materials used in weaving?

A. Coconut B. Abaca C. Cactus D. Nito
Test II. Loop a word.
Directions. Complete the crossword by filling in a word that fits each clue.

5. 4.

1.

2.

4.

3.

Across

1. What leaf of a plant that grows abundantly in Mindanao Southern Philippines?

2. What plant used in weaving is a naturally renewable palm that grows in the tropical
regions of Africa?
3. What group of people is living in the Southern part of Mindoro?

Down
4. What leaves of a plant that is used in weaving of the Marinduquenos?

5. What type of cloth worn by woman as skirt and is usually paired with a kimona?
 Additional Activities

This activity gives you chance to reassess and apply what you have learned about the
basic steps in making basket.

Directions: Rearrange the step-by-step process in making basket. Write the numbers 1-5
as to the sequence of the steps.

Step-by-step on how to make basket

Alternately, insert a strip of coconut leaves to crisscross with the

ten strips as shown in illustration number 2.

Repeat the procedure in 1 and 2 until you have already

crisscrossed the 14 strips of coconut leaves as shown in
illustration number 4.

Start placing the side strips following the steps (1 to 4) since the
beginning, this time in circular direction as shown in illustrations
number 5 to 11. Your base shall be like the one shown on
illustration number 12.
Get another strip as shown in illustration number 3, follow step
number 2.

Prepare your materials. You will need seven strips to start with
the base of your basket and at least ten strips more for the side
of the basket. Observe carefully the pattern that you want for
your basket. Use colored and plain strips alternate to create a
design in your basket. Arrange first the seven strips of coconut
leaves that will serve
Answer Key
Activity 2

T
F- What I know
Assessment Is a plant belonging to the fern family that grows 1. D
abundantly in Mindanao in Southern Philippines. It is a 2. B
1.d
vine growing as a secondary forest cover clinging to 3. a
2.b trees and rocks. This climbing fern is very common in 4. C
3.a the Philippines at low and medium altitudes. 5. D
4.c 6. C
5.d T 7. A
F-
6.c is a grassy plant with triangular stem that grows in 8. C
7.a aquatic or grassy areas. It is harvested and formed 9. B
8.c into mats.They are made into thicker mats for sleeping 10. C
9.b all the way to finer thinner mats for products such as
the handbags
II.
10.c 1.T
II.Additional
T Activity
2.T
1.T 3.T
5
2.T
4.F
3.T
3
4.F 5.F
5.F
1

2
What’s more
4 Activity 1 What I have learned
1.Hanunuo-Mangyan
1. Mindoro 2.Buli
2. Marinduque 3. Tingcop
3. Romblon 4. Bastos,
5. Tikog
4. Palawan
References
Mangyanblogger.com. 2020. Iraya-Mangyans Preserve Traditions Thru Weaving. [online] Available at:
<http://www.mangyanblogger.com/2013/10/iraya-mangyans-preserve-traditions-thru.html> [Accessed 30 June
2020].

I.pinimg.com. 2020. [online] Available at:

<https://i.pinimg.com/236x/97/cf/87/97cf87183afe6890a96eaed0c5ddd11f.jpg> [Accessed 30 June 2020].

Anabo Weaving in Mansalay | Things to do in Mansalay-Oriental Mindoro. 2020. Anabo Weaving In Mansalay |

Things To Do In Mansalay-Oriental Mindoro | Explora PH. [online] Available at:
<https://explora.ph/attraction/1117/anabo-weaving-in-mansalay> [Accessed 30 June 2020].

TERRANOVAPAPERS - environment friendly paper. 2020. Abaca. [online] Available at:

<http://terranovapapers.com/abaca/> [Accessed 30 June 2020].

Google.com. 2020. Rattan Plant - Google Search. [online] Available at: <https://www.google.com/search?

q=rattan+plant&rlz=1C1GCEA_enPH904PH904&oq=rattan&aqs=chrome.2.69i59l3j69i57j0l2j69i60l2.4477j0j9&sou
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Feed, D. and tikog, G., 2020. Gov Tan: Samar To Teach More Farmers To Cultivate Tikog. [online] Politiko
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