Philosophy & Theories of Architecture

Architecture & Technology

Lecture 2: Architecture and structure

BY:
Dr. Esraa Mohammed Elazab
Lecturer-architecture department- Mansoura university
LEED Green Associate
2021

Intro

“Architecture . . . is the crystallization of its inner structure, the slow unfolding of form.
That is the reason why technology and architecture are so closely related.”

—Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, speech to

Illinois Institute of Technology students, 1950

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

Function / Utility

Technology
Architectural
Space

Form/ Aesthetics Structure/ Firmness

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

Structure and Architecture

• ornamentation of structure

• structure as ornament

• structure as architecture

• structure accepted

• structure ignored

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “ornamentation of structure”

The Parthenon, Athens,C5 BCE

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “ornamentation of structure”

The Palazzo Valmarana, Vicenza, 1565; Andrea Palladio, architect.

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “ornamentation of structure”

AEG Turbine Hall, Berlin, 1908; Peter Behrens International Terminal, Waterloo Station, London, 1992;
Nicolas Grimshaw, architect

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure as ornament”

Floor plan,Lloyd’s headquarters building, London, 1986;

Richard Rogers & Partners, architects;

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure as ornament”

Spectrum building(formerly Renault Sales Headquarters),

Swindon, UK, 1983; Norman Foster Associates

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure as architecture”

- The very long span

Olympiastadion (Olympic Stadium), Munich, 1972; Günther Behnisch

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure as architecture”

- The very Tall buildings

John Hancock Building, Chicago, USA,1969; Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Burj Khalifa Building, Dubai, UAE, 2010;Skidmore, Owings & Merrill,

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure accepted”

The Pantheon, Rome, C2 CE.

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure accepted”

drawing of the structural armature of the Maison Dom-Ino (Domino House),

1915; Le Corbusier,architect.
Chrysler building, New York, 1930; William Van Alen, architect

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure ignored”

Chapel of Notre-Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France, 1954;

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

• “structure ignored”

Riverside Museum, Glasgow, 2011; Zaha Hadid, architect

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

Structure exposed Structure hidden

• ornamentation of • structure accepted

structure

• structure ignored
• structure as ornament

• structure as architecture

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Relationship between Architecture and Structure

Structure respected Structure disrespected

• ornamentation of • structure as ornament

structure

• structure as architecture • structure ignored

• structure accepted

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Discussion

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab

• Task

From your study in the past two lectures, Select any famous
building and analyze the following through sketches:

- Space

- Function

- Form

- Structure

- Relationship between structure and architecture

Task objective: Train students on how to read buildings

Philosophy & Theories of Architecture- level 4- Architecture Department-Faculty of Engineering- Mansoura university- Dr. Esraa Elazab
Thank you

• Dr. Esraa Mohamed Elazab