1. What is terrorism?

- Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against

persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government or its
citizens to further certain political or social objectives. The
1960s-1970s were seen as the era of terrorism. Some examples
include the public executions of Western journalists and
humanitarians and the suicide bombings
2. Some well-known terrorist organizations in the modern world
- There are four famous terrorist groups in the world: the
Islamic State (IS), Al-Shabaab, the Taliban,....... These four
groups have caused 3,364 terrorism deaths, accounting for 47%
of all deaths in 2021.
3. What causes terrorism?
- Poverty is one of the important causes leading to the
emergence and outbreak of terrorism, as well as low educational
attainment. These are conditions that help terrorists exploit to
develop networks of activities such as recruiting members, and
producing and transporting weapons. Poverty, despair, and loss
of faith in the future or society make it easier for poor young
people in extreme environments to follow the lead of terrorist
organizations, especially when their cognitive abilities are still
low. still low. Many members operating in global terrorist
networks are young people in their 20s from Africa, the Middle
East, etc.
- The 1985 United Nations resolution found that one of the
fundamental causes of terrorism was political instability and
lack of democracy . Violation of human rights is seen as a form
of repression that leads people to have serious grievances with
the government. Countries going through a transitional period
cannot give their citizens democratic rights and human rights
are not respected since then the emergence of more and more
forms of violence. Along with that, when the government is
unable to provide a basic standard of living for the people such
as hospitals, health care, employment, and education, citizens
become dissatisfied and this is where terrorist organizations can
recruit. use. Meanwhile, terrorist organizations can provide their
group members with the resources they need to fight political
wrongdoing.
- Recently, there has been a significant increase in religious
terrorism, making it one of the major contributors to terrorism
globally. . People who engage in religious persecution believe
that any acts they commit will be forgiven and perhaps will be
rewarded in the afterlife. Extremism is not limited to one
religion. There are different forms of religious terrorism, but the
most common is Islamic extremism. Modern terrorism has seen
a rapid increase in religious extremism, the scale of violence has
increased, and its global reach has expanded.
- Political conflicts are also one of the contributing causes
of terrorism. Speaking at a recent United Nations counter-
terrorism conference, Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter
Szijjarto warned that the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the
increase in the number of terrorist attacks could pose a
challenge. serious security concerns for both Europe and Africa.
According to him, Russia and Ukraine are the two countries that
account for more than 15% of global grain exports. However,
the Russia-Ukraine conflict could cause these exports to drop
significantly in the coming months. This will make food supply
problems in unstable areas like Africa and some countries in the
Middle East even more difficult and lead to an increase in
extremism and terrorisms.