CONFIDENTIAL 5 ASIJUL 2017/EVT533 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI! MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE ‘SOIL SCIENCE AND ANALYSIS COURSE CODE EVT533 EXAMINATION JULY 2017 TIME 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1 This question paper consists of four (4) questions. 2 ‘Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3 Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. 4 Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of i) the Question Paper ji) an Answer Booklet ~ provided by the Faculty 5 ‘Answer ALL questions in English, DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 4 printed pages ‘© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 2 ASIJUL 2017/EVT533 QUESTION 1 a) List two types of sedimentary rocks. (2 marks) b) Describe the formation of extrusive igneous rocks. (2 marks) ©) Acylindrical soil core had a height of 50 mm and a diameter of 100 mm. The wet mass of the soil was 500 g. After oven drying the soil mass was 450 g. Given that the density of water = 998 kg m®. Calculate soil bulk density. (3 marks) d) Demonstrate how soil texture determined using the ‘Feel Method (4 marks) e) An air-dried soil sample has an initial weight of 10 g. The final soil weight after combustion at 500 °C is 6.2 g. Calculate the soil organic matter in weight %. (3 marks) f) Illustrate the relationship between porosity (% volume/volume) and bulk density (g/em®) of the soil (4 marks) QUESTION 2 a) Relate the low soils pH on the availability of nutrients. (4 marks) b) Choose three practices in agricultural that improves soil organic matter. (3 marks) ) Name four soil microflorae. (4 marks) d) Identify three functions of earthworms for increasing s (3 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 3 ASIJUL 2017/EVT533 ) Referring to Table 1, analyze the Loss-On-Ignition (LO!) of Soil A and Soil B with other soil properties, and its functions in sustaining soil fertility. Table 1 Soil property | Soi A | Soil B LOI (% wiw) 0.4 18 Cation exchange capacity (cmol/kg) [0.2 | 85 Moisture content (% wiw) Soil bulk density (g/em’ (8 marks) QUESTION 3 a) Give two characteristics of man-made erosion. (2 marks) b) Explain four effects of reforestation against soil erosion. (4 marks) ©) Based on Figure 1, evaluate the effect of this slope on soil aggregation. Figure 1 (4 marks) d) Explain the condition at Cameron Highlands that gives high organic content in its soil (3 marks) ) Adapt the soil taxonomy on the characteristics of the weathered rainforest soils in Peninsular Malaysia (3 marks) )_ Discuss the terracing approach in controlling soil erosion. (2 marks) QUESTION 4 a) Evaluate the suitability of natural attenuation and secured landfills for managing large volume of organic waste (i.e., food scraps, garden clippings) (6 marks) b) State four examples of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) in soil (4 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 4 ASIJUL 2017/EVT533 ©) Clarify three methods that can be applied to recycle and utilize the solid agro-waste from oil palm industry (i.e., empty fruit bunch, palm oil mill effluent sludge). (6 marks) d) Describe three methods of reducing the impact of soil contamination by toxic heavy metals. (6 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER ‘@ Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL