THE CONTEMPORARY

WORLD
LECTURE / N. MARCELINO

Introduction:Defining Globalization
UNIT TITLE

GLOBALIZATION

Economy - The wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the
production and consumption of goods and services
Culture - The customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation,
people, or other social group
Political Globalization - The development and growing influence of international
organizations such as the UN or WHO means governmental action takes place at an
international level.

DEFINITIONS

Global Integration - The process by which a company combines different activities around the world
so that they operate using the same methods

Global Liberalization - The loosening of government controls, reduction in restrictions on the

international trade and capital

Neoliberalism - refer to market-oriented reform policies such as "eliminating price controls,

deregulating capital markets, lowering trade barriers" and reducing, especially through privatization
and austerity, state influence in the economy.

logos shown; Bts, Mcdonalds, burger king.

 GLOBALIZATION

 REFERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL OR WORLDWIDE BUSINESS ACTIVITIES, COMPETITION AND

MARKETS AND THE INCREASING GLOBAL INTERDEPENDENCE OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES

 “THE EXPANSION AND INTENSIFICATION OF SOCIAL RELATIONS AND CONSCIOUSNESS ACROSS WORLD-TIME
AND ACROSS WORLD-SPACE” –MANFRED STEGER

SUBTOPIC

Expansion
 BOTH THE CREATION OF NEW SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THE MULTIPLICATION OF EXISTING
CONNECTIONS THAT CAN OCCUR ACROSS TRADITIONAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, CULTURAL AND
GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES

INTENSIFICATION
 REFERS TO THE EXPANSION, STRETCHING AND ACCELERATION OF THESE NETWORKS.

Philosophies of the Varying Definitions of Globalization

1. Globalization is about the Liberalization and Global Integration of Markets

 Anchored in the neo-liberal ideal of the self-regulating market as the normative basis
for a future global order

 Vital functions of the free-market as well as its ability to bring greater social
integration is only achieved when a democratic society learns to value individual
freedom

2. Globalization is inevitable and irreversible

 Globalization reflects the spread of irreversible market forces driven by technological

innovations that make the global integration of national economies inevitable

3. Nobody is in-charge of Globalism

“The great beauty of globalization is that no one is in control. The beauty of globalization is
not controlled by any individual, any government, any institution

4. Globalization benefits everyone in the long run

  This lies at the heart of market globalism which is unpacked on in material terms
such as economic growth and prosperity

5. Globalization furthers the spread of democracy in the world

This links “globalization” and “markets” to the concept of democracy which plays a
significant role in liberalism, conservatism and socialism.

The Effects of Globalization