Types of Floods 

and their Causes:
Flood is not just the excess rainfall we talk about. There is a lot more to it. For
instance, there are Flash Floods in which there is a sudden heavy downpour
due to a cloudburst and the entire area is flooded within minutes. In India, areas
in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand witness
occurrence of flash flood every year. Similarly, we have river floods in which the
areas around a river are flooded due to the swelling of the river. Some parts in
Delhi witness river flood every year due to the overflowing of the river Yamuna
due to excessive rains and the excess flow of water from the Hathnikund Dam.
Another type of floods is the inland flooding. In the case of inland flooding, the
area witnessing a rainfall get flooded with the roads and lanes all filled with
water. This happens usually when proper drainage system is not in place or is
inefficient due to severe blockages which obstruct the flow of water and leading
to flooding of lanes and roads in the city. Again, Delhi and Mumbai are cities
which see such floods even after an hour of continuous rainfall. People living in
coastal areas are prone to coastal floods. These floods are usually caused by
high tides or Tsunami which bring huge volumes of water on the land thereby
flooding it. Another reason for coastal floods is global warming due which the rise
in sea level temperatures has led to the subsequent rise in water level in coastal
areas. Coastal areas of Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu and Orissa witness such floods every year.