INPhO 2017 Page 1 Questions & Summary Answers 1. A massive star of mass A is in uniform circular orbit around a supermassive black hole of mass ‘Mp. Initially, the radius and angular frequency of the orbit are R and w respectively, According to Einstein’s theory of general relativity the space around the two objects is distorted and gravi tational waves are radiated. Encrgy is lost through this mdintion and as a result the orbit. af the stor shrinks gradually. One may assume, however, thut the orbit. remains eircular throughout and Newtonian mochnnies holds. (a) The power radiated through gravitational wave by this star is given by ty) Le = KEIO MP RS where eis the speed of light, G is the universal gravitational constant, and is a dimensionless constant. Obtain x and y by dimensional analy Solution: (b) Obtain the total mechanical energy (£) of the star in terms of M, My, and R. ty) Solution: (c) Derive an expression for the rate of decrease in the orbital period (fT/dt) in terms of the [3] masses, period T and constants. Solution: Detailed answers can be found on page numbers: 2. The free surface of meremry (Hg) is a good reflecting surface. A tall cylinder partly filled with Hg and possessing total mo- ment of incrtin. J is rotated about its nxis with the constant angular velocity up as shown in figure. The Hg surfnce nttnins 1 paraboloidal profile. The radius of curvature @ of a general profile is given by (1+ (dy/ary)? surface Py faz where the symbols have their usual meaning. (a) Obtain the expression for p of the Hg surface in terms of wp, the distance from the cylinder [8] axis, and g.INPhO 2017 Page 2 Questions & Summary Answers Roll Number: Solution: {b) Calculate the value of p at the lowest point of the Hg surface, that is (0,0), when wy = 78xpm [1] (revolutions per minute). Solution: (©) Consider a point object nt (0,yo) as shown in the figure. Obtain an expression for the image — [3] position y in terms of given quantities. State conditions on yp for the formation of real and virtual images. Solution: Detailed answers can be found on page number ‘Two identical blocks A and B cach of mass Af are placed on a long inclined plane (angle of 0) with A higher up than B. The cocflicients of friction between the plane and the Ha and fey with tand > yp > jt. The two blocks are initially ALE =0 the two blocks are released from rest. inclination blocks A and B ate respectivel held fixed at a distanice d apart. (a) At what time # will the two blocks collide? (2] Solution: {b) Consider each collision to be elastic. At what time ty and ty will the blocks collide a second (4] and third time respectively? Solution: ime diagram for the two blocks from t = 0 till f= t3, Draw below — [5] (c) Draw a schematic velocity: )) to depict block A and dashed line (----) thom on a single dingram and use solid line ( to depict block B.INPhO 2017 _ Page 3 Questions & Summary Answers Solution: Detailed answers can be found on page numbers: 4, One mole of an ideal gas (cpfey = 7 where sym- P bols have their usual meanings) is subjected to an Otto eyele {A+ ) as shown in the following P- V diagram. Path A-B and C-D are adiabats. The 2Po temperature at B is Ty = Ty. Diagram is not to scale, 2) Vv (n) Find the temperatures at A,C, and D in terms of Ty and pressures at A and D in terms of [4] Ph Solution: (b) Pind total heat absorbed (4@) by the system, the total work done (ATV) and efficiency (9) [34%] of the Otto cycle in terms of 7 and related quantiti Solution: (©) Draw below corresponding P-T aud T-S(eutropy) dingrams for the eyele, [6%] Solution:INPhO 2017 Page 4 Questions & Summary Answers Roll Number: Detailed answers can be found on page numbers: 5. A metallic rod of mass m and length L (thick line in the figure below) can slide without friction [15] on two perpendicular wires (thin Lines in the figures). Entire arrangement is located in the hori- zontal plane. A constant magnetic field of magnitude B exists perpendicular to this plune in the downward direction. The wires have negligible resistance compared to the rod whose resistance is R. Initially, the rod is along one of the wires so that one end of it is at the junction of the two wires (see Fig. (a) y y y Be Bo Be L L Le z z e @) (b) & ‘The rod is given an initial angular speed 1 such that it slides with its two ends always in contact with the two wires (see Fig. (b)), and just comes to rest in an aligned position with the other wire (see Fig. (c}). Determine 2, Neglect the selfsinduetance of the syst Solution:INPhO 2017 Page 5 6. Questions & Summary Answers Detailed answers can be found on page numbers: White light is incident at an angle ion x prism of angle A placed in air as shown. Lot D be the angular deviation (not nec- essarily « minimum) suffered by an emer gent ray of a particular wavelength. (8) Obtain an expression for sin(D + A —4) in terms of the refrnetive index m and trigonometric funetions of i and A only. white light Solution: (b) Let A = 60,00? and i = 45.62°. Obtain the refractive index (n,) for a ray of wavelength A which has suffered deviation D = 49.58", Solution: (c) A detailed microscopic theory 3 material of the prism and the an Here N is the electron density and wp = 2re/%o tl electron of the material, The other symbols have t ne nyo the refractive indices at six wnvelengths, Ne@ Beome z i wa ) he natural freq heir usual meaning. The table below lists Ils the relntion between the refractive index, n, of the lar frequency « = 2re/ of the incident light as ney of oscillation of the 2 (om) 700.54 607.82 ‘30157, 492.19 715 138.79) 1.6087 1.6108 1.6263 16277 10358 1.6376 Re-express the above equation to get a linear relationship in terms of 6 = (n® +2)/(n? — 1) and n suitable power of \. Tabnlate and plot so that you may obtain V and wy. (Two graph papers are provided with this booklet in case you make a mistake) SSS dispersed light (8) 2) fo)INPLO @ ©) @ 2017 _ Page 6 Questions & Summary Answers Roll Number: Solution: spectrum does Ao belong to? Calculate the values of 1’, «9 from the graph you plotted. Which part of the electromagnetic Solution: ‘An X-ray of energy 1.000 keV is incident on the prism. If we write 1 numerical value of 5 for this ray. 146 then obtain the Solution: For the X-ray of the previous part let ie be the critical angle and 0 = 90 — ie be corresponding grazing angle. Obtain @.. the Solution Detailed answers can be fond on page numbers: +#** END OF THE QUESTION PAPER **** (4) (3) a