Microsoft Excel Worksheet tab: this tab shows all the

worksheets which are present in the workbook

What is MS Excel?
Status Bar: it is a thin bar at the bottom of the
Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application
Excel window.
that is commonly used for a variety of uses.
Microsoft Excel Basic Functions
A spreadsheet is a file that exists of cells in
rows and columns and can help arrange, Function Description
calculate, and sort data. Data in a spreadsheet SUM It returns the sum of
can be numeric values, as well as text, numeric values in a
formulas, references, and functions. cell. You can refer to
the cells where you
have values or simply
insert the values into
Uses of Spreadsheet
the functions.
- Prepare budgets COUNT It returns the count of
numeric values in a
- Financial statements cell. You can refer to
- Inventory management the cells where you
have values or simply
- Create charts insert the values into
the function
What is a worksheet? AVERAGE It returns the average
- A grid with columns and rows; the term of numeric values in a
cell. You can refer to
worksheet is used interchangeably with a
the cells where you
spreadsheet.
have values or simply
Important components of Excel insert the values into
the function
- A CELL is a smallest but most powerful part TIME It returns a valid time
of a spreadsheet. serial number as per
Excel's time format.
- WORKSHEET is made up of individual cells
You need to specify
which can contain a value, a formula, or a text. hours, minutes and
- WORKBOOK is a separate file just like every seconds
other application has. Each workbook contains DATE It returns a valid date
one or more worksheets. serial number as per
Excel's time format.
Window components You need to specify
day, month and year
Active Cell: a cell which is currently selected. LEFT This function extracts
It will be highlighted by a rectangular box. specific characters
from the a cell/string
Columns: a column is a vertical set of cells. A
starting from the left
single worksheet contains 16384 total columns.
(start). You need to
A Row is a horizontal of set of cells. A single specify the text and
worksheet contains 1048576 total rows. number of characters
to extract
Fill Handle. It’s a small dot present on the RIGHT This function extracts
lower right corner of the active cell. specific characters
from the a cell/string
The file menu is like a simple menu like all starting from the right
other applications. (last).
Title Bar: The title bar will show the name of VLOOKUP It looks up for a value
the workbook in a column and can
return that value or a
Address Bar: It shows the address of the value from the
active cell. correspondent
columns using same
Formula Bar: The formula bar is an input bar row number
Quick Access Toolbar: A toolbar to quickly IF This function returns a
value when the
access the options which you frequently use
specific condition is
Ribbon Tabs are bunch of specific option TRUE and returns
group which further contains the options another values it
condition is FALSE
NOW It returns the current
 date and time in the •Automatically creates a formula to add a
cell where you insert it series of numbers in a spreadsheet
using your system's
settings What is a Chart?
Basic Terms in Excel •Graphic representations used to compare &
1. Formulas contrast worksheet data

In Excel, a formula is an expression that What is sorting?

operates on values in a range of cells or a cell.
For example, =A1+A2+A3, which finds the sum
of the range of values from cell A1 to cell A3.
2. Functions
Functions are predefined formulas in Excel.
They eliminate laborious manual entry of
formulas while giving them human-friendly
names. For example: =SUM(A1:A3). The
function sums all the values from A1 to A3
What are the Operation Symbols?
•Instruct the computer as to what mathematical
operations to perform
Operation Symbols
•Organizing or rearranging data in either
ascending or descending order
Definitions….
•Sort Ascending – arranges records from A to
Z or smallest to largest
•Sort Descending – arranges records from Z to
A or largest to smallest
FORMULAS, RANGES, AND FUNCTIONS
Formulas
• Formulas perform operations such as
addition, multiplication, and comparison on
worksheet values.

•Addition (+) • Formulas can refer to other cells on the same

worksheet, cells on other worksheets in the
•Subtraction (-) same workbook, or even cells on worksheets in
•Multiplication (*) other workbooks.

•Division (/) • Formulas may make use of built-in functions.

How do you key a formula? Formula syntax

•You combine numbers, cell addresses • Formulas calculate values in an order based
(references), on usual mathematical conventions.

•Operation symbols and/or functions • You can always add parentheses to control
the order of calculation.
•Ex: =4 + 5; =B1 * B2
• For example, 4+3*2 is interpreted as 4+(3*2),
Order of Operations which is 10.
• Completes formulas in this order: • If you want the addition done first, use
1.Parentheses (4+3)*2, which is 14

2. Exponents Calculation operators in formulas

3. Multiplication •Operators specify the type of calculation that

you want to perform on the elements of a
4. Division formula.
5. Addition • Microsoft Excel includes four different types
6. Subtraction of calculation operators: arithmetic,
comparison, text, and reference.
What is a column width tool?
• Reference operators are used in range
•Tool that changes the width of the columns on references, and we examine them later.
a spreadsheet
•Arithmetic operators perform basic
What is a row height tool? mathematical operations such as addition,
subtraction, or multiplication; combine
•Tool that changes the height of rows on a
numbers; and produce numeric results.
spreadsheet
• Comparison operators compare two values
What is the Fill Handle Tool?
and then produce the logical value TRUE or
•Used to copy data & formulas to another cell; FALSE.
and create a series
What is Auto Sum Tool?
• The comparison operators are often used • To enter a function, you can either type it in
with certain built-in functions like IF to produce directly, or select it from options under
a numeric result. Formulas tab.
• For example, IF(A1>B1,5,0) would yield 5 if Syntax of a function
the value in cell A1 is greater than the value in
• The syntax of a function begins with the
cell B1 and 0 otherwise.
function name, followed by an opening
Range References parenthesis, the arguments for the function
separated by commas, and a closing
• Formulas can refer to individual cells or
parenthesis.
ranges of cells, or to names or labels that
represent cells or ranges. •If the function starts a formula, don’t forget to
type an equal sign (=) before the function name
• Ranges of cells are most often used as
arguments to functions that can be applied to a
variable number of cells, and they are also
used when specifying what values are to be
plotted in a chart.
Some range reference examples
• SUM(B5:E10) adds up the values in all the
cells in the rectangular area of the chart from
column B through column E and from row 5
through row 10.
• B5:E10 is the range reference, referring to a
total of 24 cells:
• The image is what is called a contiguous
range, which represents a rectangular set of
cells within the worksheet.
•Other examples of contiguous ranges are
D7:H7 (all within one row) and C14:C25 (all
within one column).
Main reference operators
•: (colon) – used to specify a contiguous range
of cells
•, (comma) – used to represent the union of
two or more contiguous ranges
Tip on entering cell and range references in
formulas
• When you’re entering a formula, instead of
typing a cell reference like B4 in the formula,
click in cell B4 and the reference will be
created for you automatically.
• To get a contiguous range reference, click
and drag from one corner of the range to the
opposite corner.
• To get a non-contiguous range reference,
click and drag to select the first contiguous
sub-range, then hold the ctrl key down while
clicking and dragging to select all the remaining
contiguous sub-ranges.
Functions
• Microsoft Excel contains many predefined
functions that can be used in formulas.
• Functions can be used to perform simple or
complex calculations.