What I know

Instructions: Draw a happy face if the statement is correct and a sad face ☹ if
it is wrong. (10 points)

1. Prehistoric art is the earliest traditional media.

2. New media is undeniably very useful, but this does not mean that traditional media has
become obsolete.
3. New media consists of programs produced by television networks and radio station.
4. Internet is an electronic communications network that connects computer users around the
world.
5. Print media includes e-book.
 What I know

6. Convention is a standard or norm that acts as a governing behavior.

7. Media producers does not need to be skilled in creating media products.
8. Camera work is included in symbolic codes.
9. Library contains a wide collection of books and learning resources.
10. Oral tradition is a reliable source.
Cartoon analysis
 LESSON 5

MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
SOURCES
 Lesson Objectives

• examine the qualities of

indigenous sources as
compared to internet
sources;
• demonstrate an ability to
evaluate the credibility of
the information source; and
• appreciate the importance
of indigenous source in the
society
Media source
-A media source is any resource that serves as a means of
communicating to public audience.
 Information source
-An information source is a person, thing, or place from which
information comes, arises, or is obtained.

- the means by which a person is informed about something or

knowledge is availed to someone,
a group of people or an organization
 Stages/Elements of Information Literacy

1. Identifying/ recognizing information needs

[Why do you need information?]
2. Determining sources of information
[Where do you search for information?]
3. Citing or searching for information
[Where do you search for information?]
4. Analyzing and evaluating the quality of
information
[How will you determine the quality and the accuracy of the
 Stages/Elements of Information Literacy

5. Organizing, storing or archiving information

[How do you acquire and store information?

6. Using information in an ethical, efficient, and

effective way
[ How do you use the information that you have?]

7. Creating and communicating new knowledge

[How will you communicate information?]
Media and information
sources

• Indigenous source
• Human source
• Library source
• Internet source
Indigenous source
What is Indigenous?
✔ Indigenous refers to something that exists
naturally in a particular region or environment.

-It could also pertain to a person who belongs to an

ethnic tribe, which preserves and practices the
culture and tradition of his/her ancestors.

INDIGENOUS SOURCE – is a source

obtained traditionally by an indigenous community
or people.
 Indigenous media and
Characteristics:
information
1. Oral tradition of communication
2. Store information in memories
3. Information exchange is face- to- face
4. Information are obtained withing the border of
the community
 Oral tradition
1. Legend- it is a fiction which tells abut the origin of something.
Example: Legend of Piña

2. Folktale- similar to legend, a folktale is a narration about the

characteristics of time and place in which the story is told.
Example: Story of Maria Makiling

3. Epic- an epic tells a heroic adventure of a main character that sometimes

possesses extraordinary powers.
Example: Biag ni Lam-ang,

4. Mythology- stories of mythology tells how the lives of mortals or

humans are influenced by gods.
Media and information
sources

• Indigenous source
• Human source
• Library source
• Internet source
Human source
- refers to any person who can be a source of
information or data

Example: newscasters, detectives, teachers

Media and information
sources

• Indigenous source
• Human source
• Library source
• Internet source
Library source
What is a library?
- a library is a building, room, or organization that has a
collection, especially of books, music, and information that can
be accessed by computer for people to read, use or borrow.
(Cambridge Dictionary)

-aside from books and journals, libraries also house advance

e-resources
4 major types of libraries
Academic Library- School Library-
serves students from
serves colleges and
Kindergarten to
universities
Grade 12

Special Library-
Public Library- are in specialized
serves cities and environments, such
towns of all types as hospitals
corporations,
museums, the military,
private business, and
the government
THE NATIONAL LIBRARY

The National Library is the

country’s official national library,
located in Ermita, Manila, near
Rizal Park.

-one of the most famous collection

of original materials in the National
Library include Dr. Jose Rizal’s
Noli Me Tangere, El
Filibusterismo, and Mi ultimo
adios.
Media and information
sources

• Indigenous source
• Human source
• Library source
• Internet source
internet source
What is an Internet?
- is a global computer network providing a variety of
information and communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized communication
protocols. (Oxford Dictionary)

Examples: social media sites, blog entries

Types of information
sources

• Primary Source
• Secondary Source
• Tertiary Source
primary source
What are Primary Sources?
- these are “original materials” from a certain period of time that have
not been filtered, modified through analysis, interpretation, or evaluation

-these are the bases for other researchers

-they show original thinking, present a discovery, or impart new
information.
Examples of Primary source

Artifact- refers to
something made or
created by humans,
such as a tool or a
work of art, especially
an object of
Audio/ video recording
archeological interest

Diary- a record with

distinct entries
organized by date
reporting on daily
activities.
Other examples of primary source

• E-mails
• Interviews
• Journal
• Letters
• websites
• Original documents (e.g, birth certificate, marriage
certificate)
• Photographs
• Works of art (e.g pottery, ornaments, accessories)
• Other objects found on historical burial sites
Types of information
sources

• Primary Source
• Secondary Source
• Tertiary Source
Secondary source
What are Secondary Sources?
- these are documents made after and event has taken place.

- secondary sources give second-hand accounts

- they are analyses, interpretations, and evaluation of primary sources

Other examples of Secondary source

• Biographical works
• Commentaries and criticisms
• Essays or reviews
• Histories
• Magazine and newspaper articles
• Textbooks
Types of information
sources

• Primary Source
• Secondary Source
• Tertiary Source
Tertiary source
What are Tertiary Sources?
-consists of summaries and collection of both primary and secondary

- chief purpose is to list, summarize, or simply repackage ideas or other

information

Examples: almanacs, directories and yearbooks, dictionaries,

encyclopedias, and handbooks
 CRAAP Evaluation Criteria for
Evaluating Sources of Information

The CRAAP Evaluation Criteria may be used to determine whether or not

you have located a credible and reliable source. If your source doesn’t
pass the CRAAP criteria, do not use it for your academic assignment.
c URRENCY
r ELEVANCE

a UTHORITY
a CCURACY
p URPOSE
 Currency
-the timeliness of the information

• When was the information published or posted?

• Has the information been revised or updated?
• Does your sources require current information, or will older
sources work well?
• Are the links functional?
 Relevance
-the importance of the information for your needs

• Does the information relate to your topic or answer your question?

• Who is the intended audience?
• Is the information at an appropriate level (i.e. not too elementary or advanced for
your needs)?
• Have you looked at a variety of sources before determining this is one you will
use?
• Would you be comfortable using this source for a research paper?
 Authority
-the source of the information

• Who is the author/publisher/source/sponsor?

• Are the author's credentials or organizational affiliations given?
• What are the author's credentials or organizational affiliations given?
• What are the author's qualifications to write on the topic?
• Is there contact information, such as a publisher or e-mail address?
• Does the URL reveal anything about the author or source?
 Accuracy
-the reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the content

• Where does the information come from?

• Is the information supported by evidence?
• Has the information been reviewed or refereed?
• Can you verify any of the information in another source or from personal
knowledge?
• Does the language or tone seem biased and free of emotion?
• Are there spelling, grammar, or other typographical errors?
 Purpose
-the reason the information exists

• What is the purpose of the information? to inform? teach? sell?

entertain? persuade?
• Do the authors/sponsors make their intentions or purpose clear?
• Is the information fact? opinion? propaganda?
• Does the point of view appear objective and impartial?
• Are there political, ideological, cultural, religious, institutional,
or personal biases?
 LESSON 5

Quiz time
A. Instructions: Classify the words or phrases in the
box to what type of source they belong. (10 points)

• biography ∙articles that interpret or review

• artifacts research works
• library books ∙diaries
• audio recordings ∙autobiography
• legend ∙folktales
• interview ∙newspaper editorial/opinion pieces
B. Answer the following in 3-5 sentences.

1. How relevant is indigenous media as source of information to

today’s society?

2. How do you determine the reliability and accuracy of an

information?

3. How should we use the information we have?

 REFLECTION
Reflect on the following quote in 3-5 sentences. (5
points)

“We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting

an infodemic. Fake news spreads faster and more
easily than this virus, and is just as dangerous”
(WHO, 2020)”
Thank you!