Abstract.

This paper analyzes how much influence of safety simulator towards the
understanding of industrial workers or applicants working safety. Working at the industry is
known for its complexity and monotonous that makes the workers saturated which can lead to
human error. Safety simulator is implied as a tool or medium aimed at giving the understanding
to the operator in preventing an incident. The emergence of technology with virtual reality,
augmented reality, BIM, and prototype training creates new possibility to deliver education and
training in an impressive and attractive way. The method used to analyze how much influence of
safety simulator towards the understanding of industrial workers or applicants working safety is
literature review technique regarding 9 related articles. The result of literature review is
implementing work risk training regularly for both workers and applicants in the industry as one
of resolutions to decrease work accident.
1. Introduction
Working at the industry is known for its complexity and monotonous that makes the workers
saturated which can lead to human error. One of the consequences from this abnormal situation
is accidents in the workplace. This in turn causes loss of production and even takes casualties
and death (1). The data shows that in the US, 75% of errors in making decision when launching
the flight is from human factor (2). The improvement of workers skills; individual or group,
should be done early. Thus, the workers are able to work safely and efficiently; whether in a
normal situation or in an unexpected condition (3).
Safety simulator is implied as a tool or medium aimed at giving the understanding to the
operator in preventing an incident (4). Safety simulator is a learning medium for workers or
applicants that gives a special tension when they learn about it (5). The purpose of safety
simulator is to increase the safety of individual and environment (6). It requires an understanding
related to work skills, team work, working complexity, and also safe and economical work in the
industry (7). The form of understanding improvement is by developing the awareness of real
problems, so that they can control the risks well (8).
The emergence of technology with virtual reality, augmented reality, BIM, and prototype
training creates new possibility to deliver education and training in an impressive and attractive
way (9). In the past, technical defiance and expensive cost impeded the advance of virtual world,
especially in education (10). The institution and education industry is now moving fast to adopt
safety simulator as the main medium of training. Learning environment of the simulator is
successful to produce positive study result at any domain. The powerful and effective presence
created by safety simulator application is promising to give an on-site training in safe and
controlled environment. The simulator learning environment can provide the trainees an access
to high cost equipment in the location which is impossible (11). This could give space for
students to explore the problems and examine the solution without any risk (12).
The current enhancement of technology facilitates anybody in learning; workers do not need
to come to the industry to learn about safety industry. The improvement of pedagogical
understanding in applicants can use a technological-based simulation and common simulation
equipment with the real one (13). Safety is one of the important factors in work. This research
aims for analyzing the acceptance of work safety equipment technological simulation to be
learned in terms of the successful implementation towards industrial workers and applicants.
2. Methodology
In this literature review process, the writer adopts some techniques conducted by Durst and
Edvardsson in the research of Indriartiningtias R. (14), the followings are:
a. Determining the discussed area and literature search.
b. Determining the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
c. The analysis.
d. The writing.
2.1. Determining the Discussed Area and Literature Search
Step one; the researchers define the research questions and some key words. This research
aims for determining the research area in the field of knowledge creation of safety using virtual
reality towards industrial workers and applicants, thus the research questions to be answered
are:
1. How much influence of safety simulator towards the understanding of industrial
workers or applicants working safety?
2. What is the research method used?
Based on the area, the researchers use key words which are safety simulator and safety
industry to search for relevant articles. The articles are searched with publish or perish 7
application published in 2010-2020. The publish or perish 7 application is chosen because it
eases the researchers to find data related to the articles based on the key words, and the majority
scopus indexed. The data that occur are opened one at a time and recapped. The recapped data
are then considered according to the inclusion criteria.
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
The criteria of articles included in the literature review in this article are:
1. Scientific articles discuss the enhancement of work safety knowledge using safety
simulator.
2. English articles and published in indexed journal.
3. Articles published within the year 2010-2020.
4. There are some chosen articles as the representative of the media safety simulator use.
3. Research Results and Discussion
The searching results using publish or perish 7 application shows 15 articles within the year
2010-2020. The included articles based on the key words are then processed. The articles
included in inclusion criteria are chosen as the research materials. The others which belong to the
exclusion criteria are not included in the literature review discussion of this article. According to
the criteria determined above, it is found about 9 articles that discuss the enhancement of
industrial workers and applicants’ knowledge towards work safety using virtual reality.
The articles that have been listed in the recapitulation are then summarized in a form of
logbook table which contains writer’s name, publish year, research purposes, research method,
and research results. The results summary can be seen in table 1.

Table 1. Identification research results of Knowledge creation of safety using virtual reality towards industrial
workers and applicants

No Komponen Penulis Tahun Tujuan Penelitian Metode Hasil Penelitian

1 Virtual Reality Jason B, et al (15) 2020 Review a research that Literature review There is an
has been done on the method towards improvement around
topic of using virtual the use of AR in 33% of the virtual
reality in construction construction reality use in 2015
safety industrial training. industry. research.
2 Naturalistic Bhandari S, et al 2017 This paper proposes a Quantitative This research shows
injury (16) training program of new method with that NIS is a
Simulation multimedia learning experimental promising media in
simulation based which is longitudinal safety training from
called naturalistic injury technique pseudo passive presentation
simulation (NIS). field based out of with emotionally
1.200 workers lecturing become
taken 489 more effective,
randomly, and are interactive, and
analyzed their interesting based.
emotion.

3 Augmented Eiris R, et al (17) 2019 This study describes the Quantitative The aftermath is the
Reality development of prototype method with technology is seen
platform training and experimental well by the
training material making. technique towards participants, in
students of addition to provide a
university of simple and easy
florida shows 21 method for learning
respondents are the information
from two majors; related to falling
they are harm.
construction and
architecture are
chosen randomly
to try and evaluate
the tool.
4 Building Clevenger C, et al 2015 This research aims to Mix method is The research result
Information (18) assess the module of conducted in this shows a potency to
modeling construction safety research with data develop this BIM
training which shows the gathering method, because it
interactive and BIM technique which is can be the future
capacity 3D visualization pre-test, opportunity to
to test whether the tool intervention, and expand an extensive
can improve construction post-test along and interactive
 safety training. with responding training module.
the related module
that has been
made.
5 Virtual Reality Sacks R, et al 2013 This research aims to Quantitative The research result
(19) compare virtual reality method with shows that VR media
media between experimental is more effective in
conventional safety technique divides terms of the students
training. students into two learning, while
groups with total conventional media
66 respondents to of safety training
compare these two gives more tension to
media. the students.
6 Virtual Reality Zhao D. & Lucas 2014 The purpose of this Qualitative method The research result
J. (20) research is to analyze the with experimental reveals that VR
use of safety training data gathering simulation is done
program with VR based technique by successfully for
whether it can offer a safe giving a training in safety training in
work environment. class and perform construction industry.
a practice in job VR can also
training towards effectively visualize
the workers the invisible
sample. electrical hazard
without endanger the
workers in real life.
7 Building Clevenger C, et al 2014 This study aims to assess Qualitative method The research result
Information (21) the development of with experimental shows 89% and 91%
modeling construction safety technique by of workers that
training module which involving sample interact with
shows an interactive and from the students computer increase the
BIM capacity 3D and workers to understanding of
visualization with two learn bilingual in personal safety
languages: English and BIM module. equipment use. There
Spanish to examine is a good potency in
whether the tool can using the bilingual
improve the safety module because of
training related to the the future opportunity
construction. which every worker
needs to be
professional.
8 Virtual Reality Li H.M. & Kang 2014 The purpose of the Qualitative method The research result
B.S. (22) research is to provide the with interview portrays that VR
VR based system of coal technique and potentially provides
mining safety training in observation by more meaningful and
China to increase involving sample effective benefits of
workers’ understanding from coal miners training system to
of disaster. to apply VR address the safety
application and be needs identified in
interviewed industrial mining.
regarding the
perceived
experience.
9 Virtual Reality Pedram S, et al 2016 The aim of this research Quantitative The research result is
(23) is to introduce the VR method with proven an advantage
application to coal experimental with VR based
mining industry in technique is used training for the
Australia in a form of by involving mining rescue
workers’ safety on the workers’ sample brigades, because the
mine rescue (brigade). with 280 brigadiers framework is flexible
on the mine rescue and can be applied to
section then after other types of
the workers try the training for mining
 VR they are industry or adapted
interviewed and used on other
regarding the industries.
perceived
experience.

The articles that have been obtained are then analyzed and developed according to the purpose of
the research is to know the industrial workers and applicants’ level of understanding based on the
internal and external sources. The analysis can be seen on the table 2.

Table 2. The Analysis of dependent and independent understanding sources towards safety at
work
Components Writer Internal Sources External Sources
Virtual Reality Jason B, et al - 
Naturalistic
injuri Bhandari S, et al  
Simulation
Augmented
Eiris R, et al  
Reality
Building
Information Clevenger C, et al - 
modeling
Virtual Reality Sacks R, et al  
Virtual Reality Zhao D. & Lucas J. - 
Building
Information Clevenger C, et al - 
modeling
Virtual Reality Li H.M. & Kang B.S.  
Virtual Reality Pedram S, et al - 

Safety simulator has been discussed in nine studies with different methods which are
quantitative, qualitative, mix methods, and literature review. Jason B., et al (2020) has discussed
the safety simulator using virtual reality media with literature review method. The research that
he conducted shows that virtual reality gives an improvement of understanding for about 33%
towards the industry players. Another study with quantitative method is conducted by Bhandari
S., et al (2017) which analyzed the safety simulator using naturalistic injury simulation media. It
shows that NIS is the promising media in safety training because it can change the safety training
from lecturing based passive presentation into more effective, interactive, and interesting
emotionally.
Another research result leads to safety simulator using augmented reality media is
conducted by Eiris R., et al (2019). The research uses quantitative method which shows that the
augmented reality is viewed favorably by the participants, in addition to provide simple and easy
method to study the information regarding the danger of falling. The study conducted by
Clevenger C., et al (2015) about safety simulator using building information media with mix
methods shows that there is potency to develop this BIM method, because it can be the future
opportunity in expanding the more extensive and interactive training module.
The research conducted previously gives new information as well about the factors
which can offers the understanding of safety towards the industrial workers and applicants. It
turns out that it is not only through learning media that workers can understand the importance of
work safety but also self-awareness is a major factor related to work safety. It starts from the
readiness for work, self-emotion, and work-related knowledge. Some studies conducted aims to
lessen the number of accident at work by increasing the understanding and competence of work
hazards.
4. Conclusion
This article has discussed the knowledge creation of safety using safety simulator towards
industrial workers and applicants. The result is implementing work risk training regularly for
both workers and applicants in the industry. One of the efforts has been done is improving the
understanding of industrial workers or applicants by developing safety simulator tool to reduce
the number of work accidents, in order to decrease casualty due to work, company cost, and
workers certainly feel safe and comfortable while working.
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