Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................2
Overview.................................................................................................................................................2
History of Problem..................................................................................................................................2
Current Situation....................................................................................................................................3
Problem Statement.................................................................................................................................3
Research Objective.................................................................................................................................4
Research Questions................................................................................................................................4
Hypothesis Statement............................................................................................................................4
Significance of Research.........................................................................................................................5
Chapter 2 Literature Review.......................................................................................................................6
Transformation.......................................................................................................................................6
Transformation in Construction Industry...............................................................................................6
Effect of transformation on Construction Industry................................................................................6
Transformation and Marketing..............................................................................................................7
Digital transformation and Challenges...................................................................................................7
Ways to reduce effect of digital transformation....................................................................................9
Chapter 3 Research Methodology............................................................................................................10
Research Methods................................................................................................................................10
Types.....................................................................................................................................................10
Research Designing...............................................................................................................................11
Sampling Methodology.........................................................................................................................11
Chapter 4 Data Analysis............................................................................................................................12
Observation Analysis............................................................................................................................13
Observation Analysis............................................................................................................................13
Chapter 5 Findings and Discussions..........................................................................................................14
Chapter 6 Conclusions..............................................................................................................................14
Chapter 7 Recommendations...................................................................................................................15
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................................16
Chapter 1 Introduction
Overview
Transformation is an umbrella term for making important changes in the way a business or
organization operates. This includes staff, processes, and technologies. These changes help
organizations compete more effectively, become more efficient, or create a wholesale strategic
pivot. Changes are bold, earthquake changes organizations are making to accelerate change and
growth beyond normal development. The scope is broad and strategic, such as switching to a
new business or operating models.
Organizations make business changes to generate additional value. It may mean releasing staff
power, using intellectual property and patent technology for other purposes, or efficiency to
increase company power. (Shamoo, 2003)
Business transformation is a huge, multi-year effort that requires major changes in key aspects of
corporate transformation. Given the size, scope, and duration of the work, it should be done at
the top - either the CEO or the Board of Directors - to put the company in a position to continue
to grow and prosper in the foreseeable future.
McKinsey research has shown that global manufacturing growth in the construction industry has
reached 1% per year since the last two decades, much lower than in other sectors. Digital
technology can help improve productivity by improving planning, design, site management and
other construction activities.
Various risks are involved in the construction project and digital technology can help reduce
those tasks. For example, by using advanced technology such as laser scanners or laser meters,
local workers can collect important data without risking their lives. (Adekunle, 2021)
History of Problem
The construction process has two important and related components: design; then production /
construction. Unfortunately, there is an important gap between the two that creates ineffective or
ineffective interactions. An obvious example is the ongoing changes in construction when the
construction phase has already begun.
It should be noted that in terms of manufacturing, the construction industry has shown a
significant decline in the last 40 years compared to other industries (Sacks & Goldin, 2007).
Many participants in this field work with personal ingenuity and therefore have different
perspectives, ideas, and performance levels. In addition, the technology used in the construction
industry falls under a variety of conditions based on different projects, which means that it is not
easy to simulate working conditions before the actual work is done. Therefore, it is wrong or
wrong to compare the construction industry with others.
Another major obstacle to implementing digitization in the AECO industry is how to deal with
the problem that important parts of the construction process are done on site - such as laying
bricks, painting, plastering etc. such as construction, can change many jobs in our area. an
industry with direct and indirect social impacts. Additionally, well-balanced digital conversion is
required so that the essence of unique building processes is not lost in chasing digital conversion.
(Pinto, 2019)
Current Situation
Construction Company, PK research focuses on many different topics related to the construction
and construction of infrastructure projects. The Department of Construction has extensive
knowledge and experience in the following areas of signature research:
1. Human Factors in Construction - addressing the needs and skills of the people involved in
the construction process
2. Advanced Methods and Materials - efficient use of materials, equipment, and staff to
enhance construction activities and project success
3. Virtual Design and Construction - using technology to plan, manage, store, visualize, and
simulate project design and construction process
4. Management Science - scientific research and understanding of project delivery and
management process
The construction team leads and participates in research sponsored by local, regional, and
national organizations including the Construction Industry Institute, the National Cooperative
Highway Research Program, the Oregon Department of Transport, Federal Highway
Administration, Center for Construction Research and Training, and Pac Trans. (Fulford, 2014)
Problem Statement
The construction industry has a major role to play in the community, providing public health
care, contributing to the local and national economy in the Pakistan (PK) and providing
employment of about 10% of the working population. The government of PK (2013) also
recognizes the fact that the industry contributes to the level of domestic investment in a country
that has the potential to increase revenue from exports.
However, the industry has also been criticized for its poor performance, low production
standards and flexible service provided to industry customers. This is an important issue for
organizations within the industry, in terms of their profitability and function. However, poor
performance in the construction industry is also said to have a significant impact due to the
economic impact of the sector, the provision of basic services such as housing and infrastructure
and the fact that the industry supports other commercial sectors. (Westerman, 2014)
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) suggest that overall, construction projects are delivered “on
time or better 41% of the time”, although this figure varies from year to year.
It is clear from the picture above that during the last decade, delays during the construction of the
project life cycle have had a negative impact on overall project performance. The HM
Government (2013) agrees, suggesting that the industry needs to improve its performance over
time (and the cost) of project delivery. It is argued that the effects of delays include poor
customer satisfaction levels and reduced profits. Poor project time management can have a
significant impact on costs and quality, as delays are often associated with increased costs and
can adversely affect quality if staff are not under pressure to recover lost time. (Woodard, 2013)
Research Objective
Research objectives outline specific steps you will take to achieve your research goal. Objectives
define the questions of what, why, who, when and how. You should check your goals regularly
during your research project to make sure you stay focused, and decide if you need to review or
revisit. Once you have defined your goals, consider whether each one is achievable and the
number of goals is real.
In terms of the construction industry, there are a variety of organizations and companies that
work with research; which includes the Building Research Establishment (BRE), Building
Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA), National House Building Council
(NHBC), Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA), 3P, higher
education institutions, government and the private sector. However, the construction industry is
often criticized for spending less on research than other similar industries.
Research and development tax exemptions are special tax exemptions made available to national
government. It is designed to provide support to companies that invest in research and
development (R&D), to help bring new products to market, to develop new processes, or to
develop existing products or processes. For more information, see the release on development
tax. In September 2020, HM Revenue & Customs reported that £ 175m was paid to UK
construction firms for research and development tax credits last year, the largest increase in £
90m paid last year. (Tilson, 2010)

Research Questions
Based on the problem described and the current understanding, we will answer this
The following research questions:
 What does the official DT model for business models look like?
 What types of categories, tasks, and outcomes are appropriate?
 What empowers you (e.g., sensors, big data, etc.) and what apps related?
 What are the existing DT examples of business models and what are the best ones
practices in this field?
(Lobo, 2017)

Hypothesis Statement
Our research questions are:
1. Has Lean Construction improved project performance?
2. Does South Korea's construction industry have a Lean implementation?
3. Is the performance of the South Korean construction industry worse than that those who
use Lean Construction more?
These questions can be answered by examining the hypothesis:
Implementation of Lean Construction on the project will improve project performance. I an
independent variation of this concept is the soft start level Project design and diversity depend on
the performance of that project. If we can support the idea, which answers the question
Measurement of independent variation in the hypothesis, as well as administrative evaluation
familiarity with South Korean projects, will be the answer to question. Comparison of
performance (dependent flexibility) between South Korean and U.S. projects use Lean
Construction above, it will give us the answer to question.
Examination of the hypothesis: Theories suggest the relationship between the independent
flexibility and dependence variability. The hypothesis test is a proposed test relationship, often
using mathematical techniques such as relationship analysis. (Cousin, 2016)
Significance of Research
Doctoral studies in building management are very different from other fields as the latter are
different educational discipline itself, which has its own research strategies and theory, but builds
on it Man-made Environmental and Human Development theater models developed elsewhere in
the social sciences. Thus, a medical researcher must be able to determine the research method
and establish an approved research strategy somehow, to align with the objectives and objectives
of the research at the same time, ensure that a real contribution to the existing knowledge body.
Moreover, no matter what adopted approach and new features, all educational efforts should be
made within a framework that aims to achieve the relevance and reliability of results and
conclusions from research.
To date, however, there is no consensus on how best to drive educational or medical research.
The debate on construction research as presented in Seymour has caused controversy among
scholars who support the positivist, closely related theory rationalism, empiricism and purpose,
and those who love the method of translation, which highlights true and true humility as it
depends on the people under Traditionally, the first is associated with quantitative research, and
the latter is related Quality research method. However, the current trend of research seems to be
growing beyond the barren debate which is limited by ancient dichotomies and supports a shift to
development many theater models and methods to be used in construction management research,
in general it is called "many ways". The latter is very important in CP research, where the
community as well methods of natural science are often intertwined. (Cohen, 2015)
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Transformation
The transformation process is any work or group of tasks that takes one or more inputs, adjusts
and adds value to it, and delivers output to customers or clients. If the inputs are immature, it is
easy to see the changes involved, such as when milk is converted into cheese and butter. If input
is information or people, the nature of the change may not be noticeable. For example, a hospital
converts sick patients (admitted) into healthy (discharge) patients.
Conversion processes include:
 changes in the physical properties of building materials or customers
 changes in the area of objects, information or customers
 changes in ownership of property or information
 storage or payment of goods, information or customers
 changes in purpose or type of information
 changes in the physical or mental state of the customer. (Ballard, 2012)
Transformation in Construction Industry
The construction industry is lagging behind in technology adoption and innovation due to many
factors such as lack of proper R&D, unplanned processes, insufficient information transfer, weak
project monitoring, limited multi-task coordination, and conservative industry culture. However,
the industry is ready for change. Social, economic, and environmental factors have made it
inevitable for the industry to embrace new standards and technologies that integrate
sustainability with industry processes.
The sector has distinctive features such as multiple project participants working on a single
project, high industry diversity, a flexible and flexible business model, and unstable staff,
making it unique compared to other industries in the economy. In such a case, future trends in
technology, building materials, and tools; processes and operations; new business strategies and
models; people, organization, and culture; regulation and policies; and industrial cooperation is
needed to transform the sector. This fast-paced study article of the Iqbal Institute of Policy
Studies will discuss the unique challenges of the construction industry, the basic strengths of the
industry, and what can be done in terms of industrial transformation framework. (Koskela, 2003)
Effect of transformation on Construction Industry
Remembering the nature of the construction industry, unique challenges are faced by different
stakeholders. All industries rely on research and development for sustainable growth; however,
in a project-based environment, where rare resources and deadlines meet, this phase of industrial
growth is receiving less attention in the construction industry and is a major factor in the slow
growth of the sector. Another challenge is the lack of maturity in applying. The focus is on the
final product instead of planning the actual construction process, which leads to many informal
processes and inconsistencies in performance. Similarly, construction projects often use the same
methods of repetition in many projects, each with unique features. However, due to the lack of
sufficient information from project to project, the lessons learned from the mistakes in one
project are not used or applied to another. This builds strong confidence in the project manager's
knowledge. Another related issue is weak project monitoring due to over-reliance on manual
records and inadequate data collection. This also makes identifying problems difficult and
difficult.
In terms of challenges, perhaps the most important is the small interaction between industry
players and stakeholders. The typical construction process is usually sequential, reflecting the
input of the project owner, designers, builders, and major suppliers at various stages of the
project. In the best case scenario, the details of each participant can be used early in the planning
process; however, this is rarely the case under current construction methods. Later, weak
collaboration with suppliers in small-scale construction projects leads to many problems in the
construction process. Large construction companies rarely plan their material needs and make
decisions on the basis of ad-hoc from one project to another.
In addition, the construction industry also comments on a successive culture that limits their
ability to find sustainable solutions. This makes the whole process ineffective in terms of social,
economic, and strategic. Eventually, with enough gender diversity in the industry, attracting
talented people becomes even more difficult. Compared to companies in other industries,
construction companies also pay less attention to internal development programs. (Liker, 2004)
Transformation and Marketing
Marketing transformation is the process of re-establishing an organization's marketing
department that is no longer relevant.
Recent changes in the marketing environment, including the proliferation of digital channels and
the advent of mobile devices, have been accompanied by drastic changes in customer
expectations that have left many sales departments operating incorrectly or with reduced volume.
Although the seller's skills have improved, the concept of marketing transformation addresses the
need for the entire marketing organization to skip digital information; re-establishing valuable
strategy, processes and systems in a comprehensive, responsive, fully automated, digital
marketing approach.
The concept of marketing transformation is inextricably linked to the broader concept of digital
transformation in the business. Marketing conversions have many meanings, depending on who
you ask. Simply put, it is the pursuit of excellence, efficiency, innovation and profitability
through data and technology. However, about a third of businesses believe that they have the
right strategies for successful marketing. (McCarthy, 2012)
Digital transformation and Challenges
"Digital Transformation" is a word that is often heard in modern conference rooms and keynote
presentations, yet its meaning is unclear. Sure, we know it's related to developing digital
systems, but what does that mean for us, as advertisers?
The first real digital revolution took place when companies discarded filling cabinets and
computer-generated computer programs. But the definition of a "digital revolution" has emerged
over the years, close to technology itself. As technology continues to rise to a new level, more
digital transformation is needed for companies to thrive.
For HR professionals, digital transformation means automated processes, creating digital
personnel records and using technology to track a product.
In accounting, digital transactions range from paper-based contracts and invoices to electronic
contracts, data collection and reporting. But digital transformation, as it relates to marketing, is in
the league alone. (R, 2018)
Digital transformation is not just about embracing new software, technologies, and processes that
are more efficient and automated than conventional business processes, it is a new, new way of
doing something that is at the core of your business. That means organizations have to consider
everything when taking the initiative to change digital - from how people will react to change,
how it will affect customer relationships, costs, how it will fit into business objectives, and more.
Digital transformation empowers organizations to take over their business in the future, and
equips companies to compete and grow into new environments.
1. Lack of change management Strategy
Organizations with a comprehensive transformation strategy are 6x more likely to meet
or exceed the goals of digital transformation. Having a strong culture of change
management is essential to the success of any organization. Lack of change strategy sets
any new project or implementation plan to fail. An effective change management strategy
involves project planning by identifying the root causes of problems - and building
relationships with all stakeholders and staff.
2. Complex Software and Technology
Business software is naturally complex. New technologies can be intimidating. This is a
major challenge for organizations transforming digital transformation - both from the use
and integration of data, as well as from the perspective of the end-user experience.
Leaders should consider this when they are in the early stages of a transformation project,
and seek smart and integrated plans.
3. Driving adoption of new tools & Processes
New technologies and technologies often bring challenges about resilience to employees
who feel there is nothing wrong with the way they are doing things right now. With the
use of new software, organizations should provide comprehensive ride training, as well as
ongoing staff support to help employees produce and work efficiently with the tool
quickly, allowing them to understand the importance of these new processes.
4. Continuous evolution of customer needs
Organizations are constantly evolving - and COVID-19 has accelerated this. Consider
what the customer wants. That is changing as the world progresses and industries change.

Digital transformation is not an easy project, and deep transformation efforts can take
years to complete. What if, at the same time, your customer needs a change? The
emergence of customer problems will occur. Don't be surprised, and plan ahead as soon
as it's time to embrace new digital technologies.
 5. Lack of proper IT Skills
To succeed in your transformation efforts, you will need a skilled, efficient IT team. And
that’s hard to put together - especially in the current shortage of technical staff.
According to a business survey, 54% of organizations say they have not been able to
achieve their digital transformation goals due to a shortage of skilled workers.

Challenges presented to organizations include a lack of set skills in cybersecurity, application

development, software integration, data analysis, and data transfer. Organizations that do not
have IT professionals can overcome this challenge by sending this work to external consultants
and digital transformation experts to help close the use and migration gap. (Blanco J L, 2018)
Ways to reduce effect of digital transformation
These five factors are critical to your success.
1. Address Misalignment
When organizations develop and adopt specific ideas, objectives and objectives, one
occurs at a time. First, the details of these decisions will be explained and announced to
the entire organization and beyond. That, as they say, is the easiest part. The second part
is not easy. Ideas, objectives and objectives will guide the actions of the organization, or
they will be ignored and forgotten.
2. Prevent Obsolescence
The discovery of any technology requires some consideration for the medium- and long-
term future of that technology itself. Also, as we discussed earlier, the technical ability to
communicate and communicate with other systems is important. If product developers do
not plan to support this or that platform over a certain date, that can make the product less
useful to a profitable organization.
3. Accommodate cultural Barriers
Culture is a factor in almost all companies and organizations. These items may differ
from the company itself, or they may be incorporated into regional or national customs.
However, they are essential for the proper functioning of the organization.
A good example is found in the initial attempts to hire a Toyota Production System in
another western automotive industry. The idea of stopping the production line because of
a perceived problem was controversial for self-employed workers who were trained to
push the defective units down to be repaired after the conclusion of the first meeting.
4. Ensure Management and Employee support
Digital transformation is a long journey that includes many challenges. As with any
complex business project, support for that project must be transparent and transparent,
especially to senior management.
If the suspension of administrative support or if it appears to be less than one hundred
percent, project resistance will be stronger. As exemptions are granted in this or that
situation, and additional options are allowed, it will be easier for some to delay or avoid
applying the solution.
5. Address Complexity
 Difficulty is part of doing business, producing and designing and selling things.
Complexity is something that should be used and should not be avoided. As a risk factor,
complexity is controlled and reduced through effective project planning, continuous and
continuous communication, education and performance analysis. (Kumar, 2017)

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

The research methodology basically refers to the “how” of any particular part of the research. In
particular, it is almost as if the analyst has carefully planned the thinking to ensure that there is
something reliable about that address to investigate points and objectives. A research
methodology is a specific method or process used to classify, select, prepare, and analyze data by
topic. In the term paper, the strategy area allows the reader to basically assess the relevance of
the research and the unwavering quality. Business research is a process of finding detailed
information about all areas of a business and using such information to increase sales and
business profitability. Such research helps companies decide which product / service is most
profitable or most needed. In simple terms, it can be defined as the acquisition of information or
knowledge for a professional or commercial purpose in determining business opportunities and
objectives.
Business research can be done on anything and everything. Generally, when people talk about
business research it means asking research questions to find out where the money can be spent to
increase sales, profits or market share. Such research is vital for making wise decisions. (Humby,
2008)

Research Methods
Research methods are specific methods of collecting and analyzing information. Creating your
own question about strategies is part of your research plan.

Types
5 types of Research methods
Survey
Research is one of the most popular forms of volume research, but it can also be used to collect
quality data. The research includes a series of well-thought-out questions related to your research
purpose. When using a survey, researchers will distribute a list of questions to a sample
representing the people or customer base. With enough participants, researchers can access data
that provides information about customer attitudes toward products, marketing, customer service,
and more. You can distribute surveys face to face, but most market researchers distribute surveys
using an online tool like Qualtrics or Survey Monkey.
Conversations
Interviews are a great way to do research, and they are best used if you need to gather additional
information you may need in a short period of time. Interviews are a guided discussion where the
researcher asks pre-determined questions to participants. Depending on what you need in an
interview, you can have a set of questions for every interviewer, or you can create a list of
questions that will help guide the interviewer in the discussion. You can do a face-to-face
interview, by phone, or online.
Viewing
Another warning sometimes is that the interviewees will report themselves with completely false
data. In other words, they will report what they think they are doing, which is different from
what they are doing. Some market researchers will visit the site when they see interactions
outside the normal lab in the natural environment. In some cases, researchers will bring
participants to a laboratory with controlled variables and view them there.
Focused Groups
The focus group is a standardized research method in which researchers present small samples of
targeted people. During the focus group, researchers will ask their participants detailed questions
about their ideas, attitudes, ideas, beliefs, and information about a service, product, or idea.
Testing
Evaluation is a research process that involves market researchers or looking at participants who
use a product, service, or visual aid to determine help, or to get customer feedback about what
they like most about a product, website, ad, etc. There are a few different types of tests. Here are
some of the most popular market research surveys.
Performance testing
Performance testing is where market researchers get the help of a group of users representing
how easy it is to use the design. Market researchers will often look at users as they try and
complete tasks of different designs. Performance tests are often repeated so that engineers can fix
all bugs before launch. (Hsu, 2016)

Research Designing
Research design refers to the overall strategy you choose to integrate the various components of
the research in a logical and efficient way, thus ensuring that you will successfully solve the
research problem; includes a system of data collection, measurement, and analysis.
The task of the research project is to ensure that the evidence obtained enables you to deal
effectively with the research problem as clearly and concisely as possible. In social science
research, obtaining information related to a research problem often involves defining the type of
evidence needed to test theory, evaluate the system, or accurately interpret and evaluate the
related information.
With this in mind, a common mistake made by researchers is to start their research early, before
thinking deeply about what information is needed to address the research problem. Without
addressing these design problems in advance, the overall research problem will not be adequately
addressed and any conclusions reached will pose a risk of weakness and dissatisfaction. As a
result, the overall suitability of the study will be undermined. (Cohen, 2015)

Sampling Methodology
Sample method for selecting individual members or a small group of people to make
mathematical guidelines for them and measure the characteristics of all people. Different sample
methods are widely used by researchers in market research so that they do not need to research
the total population in order to collect possible data.
It is also a time-saving and cost-effective method and thus forms the basis of any research
project. Sample techniques can be used in research software to obtain accuracy. For example, if a
drug manufacturer would like to research the adverse effects of a drug on people in the country,
it is almost impossible to conduct extensive research. In this case, the researcher determines the
sample of people from each area and reads them, giving them a direct response to the behavior of
the drug. (Fulford, 2014)
Types of sampling: sample methods
Sampling in market research is of two types - opportunity sample and non-opportunity sample.
Let’s take a closer look at these two sample methods.
Probability Sampling: Sample opportunities are a sampling process in which the researcher sets
a selection of a few criteria and selects members of the population at random. All members have
an equal opportunity to be part of a sample with this selection parameter.
Non-probability sampling: For non-probability samples, the researcher selects study members
randomly. This sampling method is not a selective or predetermined selection process. This
makes it difficult for all classes of people to have equal access to the sample. (Hsu, 2016)

Chapter 4 Data Analysis

Data Analysis is the process of systematically applying mathematical and / or logical strategies
to interpret and model, summarize, summarize, and evaluate data. According to Shammo and
Resnik (2003) various analytical processes “provide a hypothetical diagram for understanding
data and distinguishing signal (event of interest) from sound (statistical variability) present in
data”.
Although data analysis in quality research may involve statistical processes, in most cases
analysis is a repetitive process in which data is continuously collected and analyzed at the same
time. Indeed, researchers often analyze patterns in experiments using the entire data collection
phase. The analysis form is determined by the specific quality method taken (field research,
ethnography content analysis, interview history, personal life history, comparative study) and
data type (forum notes, texts, audiotape, videotape).
An important part of verifying data integrity is an accurate and accurate analysis of research
results. Negative mathematical analysis distorts scientific findings, misleads ordinary readers
(Shepard, 2002), and may have a negative impact on public opinion research. Integrity issues are
important in non-statistical data analysis as well.
Data analysis of quantitative studies, on the other hand, involves critical analysis and
interpretation of mathematics and numbers, as well as attempts to determine the cause of the
emergence of basic findings. Comparison of the results of basic research in textbook reviews is
very important for both subject types - quality and quantity.
Methods of data analysis in the absence of basic data collection may include discussing common
patterns, as well as, conflicts between secondary data directly related to the study area. (Lobo,
2017)
Observation Analysis
Observation Analysis is a form of research where you see participants and events in their natural
environment. This allows researchers to see their subjects’ making decisions and responding to
situations in their natural environment, as opposed to structured settings such as research labs or
focus groups.
Types of Observation Analysis:
Naturalistic Observation
From a natural point of view, awareness occurs directly at the place where the situation
occurs. The observation was made as casually as possible by the researcher not
communicating directly with the participants in any way.
Participant observation
From the participant's point of view, the researchers actively participated in the study
itself. In addition to observing behavior, the researcher may conduct interviews, take
notes, look up texts, and take photographs.
Structured Observation
From a structured point of view, researchers are not looking at a natural environment, but
rather a lab or a simulation space. Systematic view is intended to view a specific, limited
set of behaviors. This method is not natural, but allows for minimal variables to play.
(Fulford, 2014)
Observation Analysis
Questionnaire is a research tool that contains a series of questions for the purpose of gathering
information for respondents. The list of questions can be considered as a form of written
discussion. They can be done face to face, by phone, computer or post.
The questionnaire provides a cheap, fast and effective way to obtain large amounts of
information from large samples of people.
However, the problem with the list of questions is that respondents may be lying because of the
public interest. Many people want to paint a good picture of themselves and may lie or distort the
truth in order to look good, for example, readers may exaggerate the length of a review. The
questionnaire can be an effective way to quote behaviors, attitudes, preferences, ideas and goals
for a much cheaper and faster course than other methods. Questionnaires typically use open and
closed queries to collect data. This is beneficial as it means that both quantity and quality data
can be obtained. (Hanssens, 2016)
Types of Questionnaires in the Research
There are a variety of questions in the survey research, including:
Post: Post questionnaire is a survey of participant papers received by post. When respondents
complete a survey, they send an email to the organization that sent them.
Inside: For this type of questionnaire, researchers visit respondents in their homes or workplaces
and do research in person.
Telephone: For a telephone survey, researchers called respondents and compiled a questionnaire
over the telephone.
Electronic: Perhaps the most common type of questionnaire, electronic surveys are presented
via email or some other form of online. (Hanssens, 2016)

Chapter 5 Findings and Discussions

The first important thing in the system is to have a complete view of your communication
channels. This importance is emphasized in all literature. When the number of channels has
grown significantly due to customer disruption morality, getting a full view has become very
important. What is pointed out in all the books as well responding to a lack of a global tool or
approach to generating customer understanding. I most importantly be able to manage multiple
sources of information in a very economical way level of control. By being able to develop an
image that is a collection of a large number of channels, companies will receive in-depth and
neutral information about their potential customers behavior. It also creates a summary of which
channels are profitable and which content is attractive customers, this will facilitate the
development of organizations.
Another important finding in the study is internal and digital resistance transfer. The Department
of Internal Marketing is now able to produce relevant leads the ability to sell using data from
digital communication sites. The salesforce showed up later the difficulty of making things clear
like a reward, the selfishness that you say you are selling or making it difficult the process of
tracking who or what is blocking a sale. If the marketing department can prove that to generate
organizational profits, internal development may be suspended. So, because a focused marketing
company, the company can miss out on the benefits of internal marketing the door produces. The
key to success and resistance is resistance marketing serves as a single unit, for shared purposes
where they are compelled to set aside their interest.

Chapter 6 Conclusions
The results of this study will reveal the launch of Lean Construction which may have the desired
effect on South Korea's construction performance projects, and thus provide support for policy
recommendations. When released, it indicates that it is important to the advertiser to be a good
client and know what to look for and expect from the agency. Modern Advertiser he must have a
broad understanding of the various fields. When the efforts are over digital, it is shown that
understanding mathematics but also the concept of creativity is needed. Or the development of
certain internal skills should be priority external efforts still need to be understood and evaluated.
Only then can there be marketing efforts to ensure the effectiveness of the marketing strategy
and external transparency agencies.
Chapter 7 Recommendations
Contractors begin their main work when the project reaches construction or execution the stage
at which the actual project work is accomplished. Improved models in this regard research has
identified areas where contractors can have a significant impact on success projects and findings
of this study can be used by experts to validate the project success.
The following are industry recommendations:
1. For projects to be successful, clients need to ensure health and safety contractor estimates
at the time of construction since construction industry has a high level of risk across all
industries. Accidents during construction may cease to operate single workplace, low
work ethic, and productivity will decline. Because contractors, the profit may be reduced
due to damage to equipment or property waste due to accidents during construction.
2. For projects to be successful, clients also need to make sure that the work done is
effective follow the details set for the project. Contractors must confirm performance
level and compliance with information on time building to ensure the successful delivery
of projects.
3. Clients need to investigate the performance of contractors in the past to ensure success
project delivery as those who have successfully completed projects are many which may
achieve the goals of a future project. Contractors are advised to certify high reputation
and excellent past performance to gain customer confidence and grow future business
opportunities.
4. Clients should ensure that contractors meet environmental obligations at all times point
during construction to complete the project successfully.
5. Contractors must ensure that qualified and skilled workers are needed have successfully
delivered their project.
6. Contractors must ensure adequate staff and plant resources in a timely manner build to
successfully complete the project
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