WHAT DOES IT REALLY MEAN

TO LIVE A GOOD LIFE?

 The need to understand the world
and reality was bound with the
need to understand the self and the
good life
 PLATO
The task of understanding
the things in the world runs
parallel with the job of truly
getting into what will make
the soul flourish.

In attempt to understand
reality and the external
world, man must seek to
understand himself too.
 Aristotle
• “TRUTH” is the aim of the theoretical
sciences, the “GOOD” is the end goal
of practical ones
ARISTOTLE AND HOW WE aspire FOR
GOOD LIFE
• Aristotle – the first philosopher who
approached the problem of reality as
“scientific” lens

• The first thinker who dabbled into the

complex problematization of the end
goal of life: happiness
PLATO
Thought that things in this world
are not real and are only copies of
the real in the world of forms.

Change - a process and a

phenomenon that
happens in the world
- constant

Claims that despite the reality of

change, things remain and they
retain their ultimate ‘whatness’
CHANGE
PLATO
• Plato recognized changed as a process and as a
phenomenon that happens in the world, that in
fact, it is constant. However, Plato also claims
that despite the reality of change, things remain
and they retain their ultimate “whatness”: that
you remain to be you despite the pimple that
now sits atop your nose
PLATO
• Plato was convinced that reality is full of these
seemingly constraining manifestations of change and
permanence.
• For Plato, this can only be explained by postulating
two aspects of reality, two worlds if you wish: the
world of forms and the world of matter.
 TWO REALITIES
World of forms World of Matter
The entities are only Things are
copies of the ideal changing and
and the models and impermanent
the forms are the
only real entities.
 Aristotle disagreed with his teacher’s position. He
forwarded the idea that there is no reality over and
above what the senses can perceive, it is only by
observation of the external world that one can truly
understand what reality is all about.
Change – process that is inherent in things
 We all start as a potentialities and move toward
actualities.
Every action that emanates from a human person is
a function of the purpose (telos) that the person has.
Every human person aspires for an end. This end is
happiness or human flourishing.
 All other entities in the world
Potentialities Actualities
Seed Plant

Aspire
HAPPINESS AS THE GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE
HAPPINESS
AS THE GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE
HAPPINESS AS THE GOAL OF A GOOD LIFE
Happiness
No individual- young or old, fat or skinny, male
or female – resists happiness. We all want to be
happy. Aristotle claims that happiness is the be
all and end all of everything that we do. We may
not realize it but the end goal of everything is
happiness.
 What Aristotle actually means is human
flourishing?
• A kind of contentment in knowing that
one is getting the best out of life.
• A kind of feeling that one has maxed out
his potentials in the world, that he has
attained the crux of his humanity.
 Happiness as the Goal of a Good Life
JOHN STUART MILL
• Declared the Greatest Happiness
Principle by saying that an action is right
as far as it maximizes the attainment of
happiness for the greatest number of
people.
• The happiness of each individual should
be prioritized and collectively dictates
the kind of action that should endorsed.
•Man has constantly struggled with the external
world in order to reach human flourishing
•History has given birth to different schools of
thought, all of which aim for the good and
happy life.
SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT

•Materialism
•Hedonism
•Stoicism
•Theism
•Humanism
MATERIALISM
MATERIALISM
a person who considers material
possessions and physical comfort as
more important than spiritual values.
 THE FIRST MATERIALISTS

Leucippus Democritus
MATERIALISM
• First Materialists were the atomists in Ancient
Greece.
• Democritus and Leucippus lead a school whose
primary belief is that the world is made up of and is
controlled by the tiny indivisible units in the world
called atomos or seeds.
• Atomos simply comes together randomly to form the
things in the world. As such, only material entities
matter.
MATERIALISM
For Democritus,the world, including human beings, is
made up of matter. There is no need to posit
immaterial entities as source of purpose. Atomos
simply comes together randomly to form the things in
the world. As such, only material entities matter. In
terms of human flourishing, matter is what makes us
attain happiness.
HEDONISM
HEDONISM
•Is a term most often used to
describe the philosophy that
pleasure is the most important
pursuit of humanity.

•the pursuit of pleasure; sensual

self-indulgence.
HEDONIST
•a person who believes that pleasure is
the most important thing in life; a
pleasure-seeker.
•comes from the Greek
word hedone "pleasure" and is related
to hedys, which means "sweet."
“ EAT , DRINK AND BE MERRY FOR
TOMORROW WE DIE ”
STOICISM
STOICISM
• Another school led by Epicurus.

• Apatheia original term, means to

be indifferent.

• Spoused the idea that to generate

happiness, one must learned to
distance oneself and be apathetic.
STOICS
•Describes any person,
action, or thing that
seems emotionless and
almost blank
STOICISM
•happiness can only be
attained by a careful
practice of apathy.
•We should adopt the fact
that some things are not
within our control. The
sooner we realize this, the
happier we can become.
THEISM
THEISM
Most people find the meaning of their lives using God as a
fulcrum of their existence. The Philippines, as a predominantly
catholic country, is witness to how people base their life goals on
beliefs that hinged on some form of supernatural reality called
heaven. The ultimate basis of happiness for theists is the
communion with God. The world where we are in is only just a
temporary reality where we have to maneuver around while
waiting for the ultimate return to the hands of God.
THEISM
• Do you believe in the existence of at least one god?
If you do ,your fall under theism.

• Does not pertain to how many gods you believe in,

is how you define them, or how you worship them.
Its merely the belief that at least one being of higher
power exist and influence our lives here on earth
TYPES OF THEISM
• Have you ever met someone that
believed in only a single god or
worship multiple gods.
Monotheism
• - is the belief that there is only one
being of higher power. This idea is
associated , Christianity, Judaism, and
Islam, who worship only one god
TYPES OF THEISM
Polytheism
• -is the belief in many gods. A
good example of this is the
religion known to be Hinduism.
Hindu believe in one supreme
god, but also have millions of
other gods and goddess that
they recognize.
HUMANISM
HUMANISM
•As another school of thought espouses
the freedom of man to carve his own
destiny and to legislate his own laws
free from the shackles of a God that
monitors and controls
HUMANIST
• Man is literally the captain of his own ship.
• See themselves not merely as stewards of the creation
but as individuals who are in control of themselves and
the world outside them.
• As a result of the motivation of the humanist scientist
turned to technology in order to ease the difficulty of life
• Scientists of today are ready to confront more
sophisticated attempts at altering the world for the
benefit of humanity.
SOCIAL MEDIA
EXAMPLES
Social Media in communication between two people from two
continents.
EXAMPLES
Technology allowed us to change our
sexuality:
Male individuals can now undergo
medical operation like Breast
implants.
• Whether or not we agree with these
technological advancements, these are all
undertaken in the hopes of attaining the
good life.
• The balance, however, between the good life, ethics,
and technology has to be attained
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
 WHEN
TECHNOLOGY
AND
HUMANITY
CROSS
Technological Devices:
 Television Sets
 Mobile Phones
 Computers / Laptops
 A. Television Sets
According to Kantar Media:
92 % of urban homes & 70 % of
rural homes own at least one
television set
 the current count of household
with TV Set already reached
15.135 million (Noda, 2012)
TELEVISION
A. Television Sets(People Behind)
 Paul Gottlieb Nipkow(1800s)
 a German student, was successful
in his attempt to send images
through wires with aid of a rotating
metal disk that had 18 lines of
resolution, called
“Electric Telescope”.
A. Television Sets(People Behind)
 Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton and
Boris Rosing (1907)
created a new system of TV
by using the cathode ray tube
in addition to the mechanical
scanner system.
Types of TV System:
a. Mechanical TV
b. Electronic TV
 A. Television Sets(People Behind)

Alan Archibald Boris Rosing

Campbell-Swinton
 B. Mobile Phones
 Global Research Agency Synovate
(2010)
67% product ownership in the
country
 Ipsos Media Atlas Philippines
Nationwide Urban 2011-2012
30% of the PH urban population
nationwide said that mobile phones
are necessities in life.
 Mobile Phones(People Behind)
 Martin Cooper
 on April 3, 1973,
 a senior engineer at Motorola
 made the world’s first mobile
phone call
 weighed 1.1 kg and measured 228.6 x
127 x 44.4 mm
 capable of 30 mins. talk and 10 hours
to charge
In 1983, Motorola made their 1st
commercial mobile phone available to
the public Motorola DynaTAC 8000X
Motorola DynaTAC 8000X (1983)
Martin Cooper
 C. Computers / Laptops
 In 2010
 3.6 trillion was the total value
output of all manufacturing
establishments
5.4% of the total value output
came from computers and
peripheral equipment and
accessories (PSA, 2013)
C. Computers / Laptops
 Charles Babbage
•Designed the
Analytical Engine
which was used
as the basic
framework of
computers
C. Computers / Laptops
 Laptops
 the first portable computer
 released in April 1981

Osborne 1
Percentage of Household Owns at
least Four Devices:
 89% - mobile phones
 53% - smartphone
 14% - tablet
 39% - desktop
 37% - laptop / netbooks
 4% - smart TV
is mainly used as a platform for
advertisements and information
dissemination.
They are used for
communication like texting
and calling.
  Cell phones

 They use it for different purposes other than for

communication.
 More than half of the Filipinos own a cell phones.
The fact remains that there
are several dilemmas
faced by these
“necessities”
Ethical
Dilemma
These devices make
children lazy, unhealthy,
and develop sickness.
people fixated to technological
devices become unhealthy because they
sometimes skip meals and lack
exercise or any bodily movements.
Alienation
people become reclusive because of
these devices. They became dependent
on these and they no longer take time
to get out and mingle with others.
MOral Dilemma
children can easily search the web and go
to different websites without
restrictions which allows them to read,
see and hear things not suitable for
their age.
appropriate theory which can be
used on these dilemmas that
focuses on the positive rather
than negative.

WH AT IS RESPONSIBILTY?
It can be said that the agents using the
devices are the ones to be blamed for
the undesirable consequences.
 People in the scientific world nor the
children are to blameworthy because
children are not yet capable of rationally
deciding for themselves what is good and
what is bad.
ROBOTICS AND
HUMANITY
ROBOTICS
is the science and the
study of robots.
 A robot is an actuated mechanism
programmable in two or more axes with a
degree of autonomy, moving within its
environment, to perform intended task
 Autonomy in this context means the ability to
perform intended task based on current state
and sensing without human intervention
Full Autonomy
ROLES PLAYED BY
ROBOTICS
SERVICE ROBOT INDUSTRIAL ROBOT
Service robots
is a robot that
performs useful tasks
for humans or
equipment excluding
industrial automation
application.
A personal service robot or
a service robot for personal
use is a service robot used
for noncommercial task,
usually by laypersons.
A professional service robot or a service
robot for professional use- is a service
robot used for commercial task, usually
operated by a properly trained operator.
Examples:
 Cleaning robot for
public places
 delivery robot in
offices or hospitals
 fire fighting robot
 rehabilitation robot
 Surgery robot in
hospitals
 Germany was one of the first
countries to develop service robots. As
part of the German Federal Ministry
of Education and Research’s
“Service Robotics Innovation Lead
Initiative,” it sponsored a collaborative
project called DESIRE (Deutsche
Servicerobotik Initiative-Germany
Service Robotics Initiative) which
was launched on October 1, 2005.
 DESIRE’s Objectives:
 To achieve a technological edge toward attaining
key functions and components that are suited for
everyday use
 To create a reference architecture for mobile
manipulation
 To promote the convergence of technologies
through integration into a common technology
platform
 To conduct pre-competition research and
development activities for new products and
technology transfer in start-up enterprises in the
field of service robotics
 3000 B.C – earliest conception of robots
 Unimate – the earliest robots as people know
them were created in the early 1950s by
George Devol
 Unimate from the words
“Universal Automation”
 Roles played Laws formulated
by robotics by Isaac Asimov

Robots are Law one A robot may not injure a human

being
primarily used to Law two A robot must obey the orders
ease the workload except orders that would conflict law one

of mankind Law Three A robot must protect its own

existence as long as protection does
Robots are made not conflict with
law.
the first and second

for pleasure
They entertain
people
Roles Played by Robotics:
 Law one
A robot may not injure a human being
or, through inaction, allow a human
being to come to harm.
 Law Two
A robot must obey the orders
given it by human beings
except where such orders would
conflict with the First Law
 Law Three:
A robot must protect its own
existence as long as such
protection does not in
conflict with the First and
Second Law
 Ethical Dilemma/s Faced by
Robotics
- Safety. Who should be held
accountable if someone’s safety is
compromised by a robot?
- Emotional Component. What if robots become
sentient should they be granted robot rights?
Should they have their own set of rights to be
upheld, respected, and protected by humans?
Group Skit. Form groups with equal number of
members depending on the class size. Each group
should choose a unique topic and its perceived effects
and the dilemma it entails. Show your stand on a
technological dilemma through a skit. Do not forget to
show the role or roles played by the technological
advancement in the lives of the people. Suggested
topics:
a. Robots that are capable of having emotions
b. Google and stupidity
c. Filipinos’ addiction to different technologies
d. Waze application
e. etc.
 THE
INFORMATION
AGE
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
1. Define information age;

2.Discuss the history of

information age; and

3. Understand the factors

that need to be considered
in checking website
sources
INTRODUCTION
• Society as highly modernized, automated, data-driven, and
technologically advanced.
• According to Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary,
information is “knowledge communicated or obtained concerning a
specific fact or circumstance.”
• Information Age is defined as “period starting in the last quarter of
the 20th century when information became effortlessly accessible
through publications and through the management of information by
computers and computer networks” (Vocabulary.com, n.d.)
• Also called as Digital Age and the New Media Age
• According to James R. Messenger who proposed the Theory of
Information Age in 1982, “the Information Age is a true new age
based upon the interconnection of computers via
telecommunications, with these information systems operating
on both a real-time and as-needed basis. Furthermore, the
primary factors driving this new age forward are convenience
and user friendliness which, in turn, will create user
dependence.”

James Robert Messenger

The Father of Information
Age
 HISTORY AND
EMERGENCE OF
INFORMATION AGE
 3OOO BC
SUMERIAN WRITING SYS.
USED PICTOGRAPHS TO
REPRESENT WORDS
• the writing systems used by ancient Egyptians
• Sumerian cuneiform is the earliest
known writing system. it developed
from the pictographs and other
symbols used to represent trade
goods and livestock on clay tablets.
2900 BC
BEGINNINGS OF EGYPTIAN
HIEROGLYPHIC WRITING
to represent their language. Because of their
pictorial elegance, Herodotus and other
important Greeks believed that Egyptian
hieroglyphs were something sacred, so they
referred to them as ‘holy writing’.
 1300 BC 500 BC
TORTOISE SHELL AND PAPYRUS ROLL WAS USED
ORACLE BONE WRITING
WERE USED • Papyrus is a plant (cyperus papyrus)
which once grew in abundance .
• It was form of chinese Papyrus buds opened from a horizontal
character used on oracle root growing in shallow fresh water and
bones the deeply saturated Delta mud
 220 BC 100 AD
CHINESE SMALL SEAL BOOK
WRITING WAS DEVELOPED (PARCHMENT CODEX)
• It is formerly Romanized and • Fr the Latin caudex for "trunk of a tree"
also known as seal or block of wood, book, plural codices is a
Script and Qin Script is an book constructed of a number of sheets
of paper, vellum, papyrus, or similar
archaic form of Chinese materials. The term usually used as
calligraphy. “MANUSCRIPT”.
• EX.TREASURE BINDING.
 105 AD
WOODBLOCK PRINTING AND
PAPER WAS INVENTED BY
THE CHINESE
• Technique for printing text, images or
patterns.Used of printing image is
paper and covered the art woodcut
except for the block-books and
originating in china antiquity as a
method of printing on textiles and cloth.
1455
JOHANNES GUTENBERG INVENTED
THE PRINTING PRESS USING
MOVABLE METAL TYPE
• Is a device for applying pressure to
an inked surface resting upon
a print medium (such as paper or
cloth), thereby transferring the ink.
used for texts, the invention and global
spread of the printing press .
 1755
SAMUEL JOHNSONS
DICTIONARY STANDARDIZED
ENGLISH SPELLING
• Library that officially serves
• A Dictionary of the English
Language included a history of
the language, a grammar, and
an extensive list of words
representing basic general
vocabulary.
1802
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WAS
ESTABLISHED & INVENTION
OF THE ARC LAMP
the United States Congress. And
it is also maintain audio visual
world. Is a lamp that produces
light by an electric arc (also called
a voltaic arc).
 1824
RESEARCH ON
PERSISTENCE OF VISION
PUBLISHED
• Refers to the optical illusion that
occurs when visual perception
of an object does not cease for
some time after the rays of light
proceeding from it have ceased
to enter the eye.
1830's
FIRST VIABLE DESIGN FOR
A DIGITAL COMPUTER
• a class of devices capable of solving
problems by processing information in
discrete form. It operates data,
including magnitudes, letters, and
symbols, that are expressed in binary
code., using only the two digits 0 and 1.
 1837
INVENTION OF THE
TELEGRAPH IN GREAT BRITAIN
AND THE UNITED STATES.
• Electrically transmitted his famous
message "What hath God wrought?"
from Washington to Baltimore on May
24, 1844, there were signaling systems
that enabled people to communicate
over distances. Most were visual or
"semaphore" systems using flags or
lights.
1861
MOTION PICTURES WERE
PROJECTED ONTO A
SCREEN.
• The invention of the Kinematoscope,
patented by Philadelphian Coleman
Sellers, an improved rotating paddle
machine to view (by hand-cranking)
a series of stereoscopic still pictures
on glass plates that were
sequentially mounted in a cabinet-
box
 1876
DEWEY DECIMAL
SYSTEM WAS
INTRODUCED.
• Introduced the concepts
of relative location and relative
index which allow new books to
be added to a library in their
appropriate location based on
subject. Libraries previously
had given books permanent
shelf locations that were related
to the order of acquisition
rather than topic.
1877
EADWEARD MUYBRIDGE
DEMONSTRATED HIGH-SPEED
PHOTOGRAPHY.
• A businessman and race-horse owner,
hired Muybridge for some
photographic studies. . He had taken a
position on a popularly debated
question of the day — whether all
four feet of a horse were off the
ground at the same time while
trotting.
 1899 1902
FIST MAGNETIC MOTION PICTURES SPECIAL
RECORDINGS WERE EFFECTS WERE USED.
• It was the earliest surviving
RELEASED.
prototype of stop-motion (or stop-
• 10years after Smith published his action) animation the La Voyage
idea, Danish telephone engineer
Dans la Lune (aka A Trip to the
Valdemar Poulsen invented
the world's first
Moon)magical special effects (and
magnetic recorder, using steel film editing) in earlier films and
wire as a recording medium. then perfected them and used.
 1906
LEE DEFOREST INVENTED THE
ELECTRONIC AMPLIFYING
TUBE.
• The iconoscope was an early electronic
• The Audion was an electronic
detecting or amplifying vacuum
tube invented. It was the first
triode consisting of evacuated
glass tube that contain 3
electrodes.
1923
TELEVISION CAMERA TUBE
WAS INVENTED BY ZWORKYN
camera tube used to scan an image for
the transmission of television. No other
practical television scanning device prior
to it was completely electronic, although
some, such as the Nipkow disc,
combined electronic elements with
mechanical ones
 1926 1939
REGULARLY SCHEDULED
FIRST PRACTICAL TELEVISION BROADCASTING
SOUND MOVIE BEGAN IN THE US
• Vitaphone was a sound film
• American television broadcasting
system use feature films. It is the
at the time consisted of a variety of
last major analog sound disc
system and commercially markets in a wide range of sizes,
successful the soundtrack itself. each competing for programming
but issued separately and dominance with separate
on phonograph records. technology.
 1940’S 1945
BEGINNINGS OF INFORMATION VANNEVAR BOSH FORESAW THE
SCIENCE AS A DISCIPLINE INVENTION OF HYPERTETXT
• Is a field primarily concerned with the • Hypertext is one of the key underlying
analysis, collection, classification, concepts of the World Wide
manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, Web,where Web pages are often
dissemination, and protection of information.
and usage of knowledge written in the Hypertext Markup
in organizations along with the interaction Language (HTML). As implemented on
between people, organizations, and any the Web, hypertext enables the easy-
existing information systems with the aim of
creating, replacing, improving, or
to-use publication of information over
understanding information systems. the Internet.
 1946
ENIAC COMPUTER WAS
DEVELOPED
• Designed for the specific
purpose of computing values
for artillery range tables, it
lacked some features that
would have made it a more
generally useful machine.
1948
BIRTH OF FIELD OF
INFORMATION THEORY OF
HYPERTEXT
• Is necessary to understand
the principle of nonlinearity
and the structure of a
website.
 1957 1958
PLANAR TRANSISTOR WAS
FIRST INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
DEVELOPED BY JEAN HOERNI
• Is a set of electronic circuits on one
• A transistor constructed by an et
small flat piece OR ("chip")
ching and diffusion technique in of semiconductor material,
which the junction is never expo normally silicon. The integration of large
sed during processing, numbers of tiny transistors into a small
and the junctions reach the surfa chip results in circuits that are orders of
ce in one plane; characterized b magnitude smaller, cheaper, and faster
y very low leakage current and than those constructed of
relatively high gain. discrete electronic components.
 1960’S
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
DEVELOPED LC MARC
• The Library of Congress claims to
be the largest library in the
world. Its "collections are
universal, not limited by subject,
format, or national boundary, and
include research materials from all
parts of the world and in more
than 450 languages."
1969
UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM WAS
DEVELOPED, WHICH COULD HANDLE
MULTITASKING
• Is a family of multitasking and
multiuser computer operating
systems that derive from the
original AT&T Unix. Unix as a
potential universal operating
system, suitable for computers of
all sizes.
 1971
INTRODUCED THE FIRST
MICROPROCESSOR CHIP
• Is a multipurpose , clock driven,
register based, digital-integrated circuit that
accepts binary data as input, processes it
according to instructions stored in
its memory, and provides results as output.
Microprocessors contain both
combinational logic and sequential digital
logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers
and symbols represented in the binary
numeral system.
1972
OPTICAL LASERDISC WAS
DEVELOPED BY PHILIPS AND MCA
• Is a home video format and the
first commercial optical disc
storage medium, initially licensed,
sold and marketed as MCA
DiscoVision . Although the format
was capable of offering higher-
quality video and audio than its
consumer rivals.
 1974
MCA AND PHILIPS AGREED ON
A STANDARD VIDEODISC
ENCODING FORMAT
• Is a general term for a laser-
or stylus-readable random-access
disc that contains
both audio and analog video signals
recorded in an analog form. Typically,
it is a reference to any such media
that predates the mainstream
popularity of the DVD format
1975
ALTAIR MICROCOMPUTER KIT WAS
RELEASED FIRST PERSONAL
COMPUTER FOR THE PUBLIC
• Is a microcomputer designed by MITS and
based on the Intel 8080 CPU. Interest grew
quickly after it was featured on the cover of
the January 1975 issue (published in late
November 1974) of Popular Electronics,
and was sold by mail order through
advertisements there, in Radio-Electronics,
and in other hobbyist magazines.
 1977 1984
RADIOSHACK APPLE MACINTOSH COMPUTER
WAS INTRODUCED
INTRODUCED THE
• The Macintosh computer was released
FIRST COMPLETE in January of 1984, with 128K RAM of
PERSONAL memory. It quickly became obvious that
this was insufficient, so eight months
COMPUTER later Apple released an updated
version, un-officially referred to as the
'Fat Mac'. It has 512K RAM, four times
as much
 MID 1980’S 1987
ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGENCE WAS HYPERCCARD WAS
SEPARATED FROM INFORMATION DEVELOPED BY BILL ATKINSON
SCIENCE RECIPE BOX METAPOR
• Began in antiquity, with myths, • Is application software and
stories and rumors of artificial a programming tool for Apple
beings endowed with intelligence or Macintosh and Apple IIGS
consciousness by master computers. It is among the first
craftsmen; as Pamela
successful hypermedia systems
McCorduck writes, AI began with
before the World Wide Web.
"an ancient wish to forge the gods.
 1991 JANUARY 1997
FOUR HUNDRED
FIFTY COMPLETE RSA INTERNET
WORKS OF THE SECURITY CODE
LITERATURE N ONE CRACKED FOR
CD ROM WAS
RELEASED 48 BIT NUMBER
• 1960’s and 1970’s – information was difficult to
collect and manage
• 1980’s – Richard Wurman: “Information Anxiety”
• 1990’s – information as a currency in the business
world
• Present – information has turned to be a commodity

SOON ?
SOME FACTS ON THE INFORMATION AGE

Robert Harris
 Important People of
Information Age
Tim Burner-Lee
Computer Scientist

“World Wide Web”

Bill Gates Steeve Jobs

American Enterpreneur
American Business Magnate
“Apple1”
“Microsoft, Windows”
Robert Harris

An English Novelist . He
is a former journalist and
BBC television reporter.
Although he begun his
career in non-fiction, his
fame rest upon his works
of historical fiction.
1. Information must compete

There is a need for information

to stand out and be recognized
in the increasing clutter
2. Newer is equated with truer

We forgot the truth that any fact or

value can endure
Choose multiple sources
for your information if you
want to receive a ore
balanced view of reality.
4. The media sells what the culture buys

In other words,
information is
driven by cultural
priorities.
 5. The early word
gets the perm

The first media channel to expose

an issue often defines the context,
terms, and attitudes.
 INFORMATION

6. You are what you eat and

so is your brain
Do not draw conclusions
unless all ideas and information
are presented to you.
 7. Anything in great
demand counterfeited

The demand for

incredible knowledge,
scandals and secrets
is ever-present;
hence, many events
are fabricated by
tabloids, publicist, or
other agents of
information fraud.
8. Ideas are seen as
controversial

It is almost certainly
impossible to make
any assertion that will
not find some
supporters and some
detractors.
9. Undead information
walks ever on

Rumors, lies, disinformation,

and gossips never truly die
down. They persist and
continue to circulate.
People behave much differently, from the way they
would if filmed when the media are presented,
especially film news or television media.
 11. The medium selects
the message

Television is mainly
pictorial, partial aural,
and slightly textual, so
visual stories are
emphasized: Fires,
chases, and disasters
 12. The whole
truth is pursuits
The information that
reaches us is usually
selected, verbally charged,
filtered, slanted, and
sometimes fabricated.
What is neglected is often
even more important
than what is concluded.
 COMPUTER, ITS
T YPES, AND THE
WORLD WIDE WEB
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
Computers are among the most important contributions of advances in the
Information Age to society. It runs on a program that contains the exact, step-
by-step directions to solve a problem.
WHY DO WE USE COMPUTERS?
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
Communication
Entertainment
HISTORY OF COMPUTER WHO
INVENTED THE FIRST COMPUTER?
He was an English polymath. A
mathematician, philosopher, inventor, and
mechanical engineer. Babbage originated
the concept of a digital programmable
computer. He was considered by some as
the “Father of the Computer”.

CHARLES BABBAGE
HISTORY OF COMPUTER WHEN DID
BABBAGE INVENT THE FIRST COMPUTER?
He invented the first computer
in 1822.
WHY DID BABBAGE INVENT THE
COMPUTER?
Charles Babbage invented the first computer for the
future use, by developing the minds of people and
changing their lives.
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF
THE COMPUTER TO EVOLUTION?
In recent years they have gained significance as they have improved
the efficiency and productivity of work done. Large amounts of
information in industrial and business sectors as well as in the
personal lives are stored on servers. In schools they will help the
learners to comprehend the basic concepts better with the help of
video or audio examples. Also they are used in the medical
industry to help doctors in diagnosing the diseases quickly and
efficiently.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Personal
Computer(PC)
A multi-purpose computer
whose size, capabilities, and
price make it feasible for
individual use. A single-user
instrument. Were known as
microcomputers.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Desktop Computer
A personal computer
designed for regular use at a
single location on or near a
desk or table due to its size
and power requirements. It
is described as a PC that is
not designed for portability.
TYPES OF COMPUTER

Laptops
These are portable computers that
integrate the essentials of a desktop
computer in a battery-powered package.
Commonly called notebooks.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Personal Digital Assistants(PDAs)
Are tightly integrated computers that
usually have no keyboards but rely on a
touch screen for user input.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Server
Refers to a computer that has been
improved to provide network services
to other computers.
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Mainframes
Are huge computer systems that
can fill an entire room. Used
especially by large firms to
describe the large, expensive
machines that process millions of
transactions everyday.
TYPES OF COMPUTER

Wearable
Computers
Involves materials that are usually
integrated into cellphones,
watches, and other small objects
or places.
THE WORLD WIDE WEB(INTERNET)
WHAT IS A WORLD WIDE WEB?
It is an information space where documents and other web resources
are identified by Uniform Resource Locators(URLs),interlinked by
hypertext links, accessible via Internet.
The internet is a worldwide system of interconnected
networks that facilitate data transmission among innumerable
computers.
Claude E. Shannon
An American mathematician who was
considered as the “Father of Information
Theory”. He worked at Bell Laboratories
and published a paper proposing that
information can be quantitatively
encoded as a sequence of one and
zeroes.
WHY AND WHEN WAS THE
INTERNET DEVELOPED?
It was developed during the 1970’s by
the US Department of Defense. In
case of an attack, military advisers
suggested the advantage of being able to
operate on one computer from another
terminal.
In the early days, the Internet was used mainly by
scientists to communicate with other scientists. The
Internet remained under government control until 1984.
WHO CREATED THE WORLD WIDE WEB?

English scientist Tim Berners-

Lee invented the World Wide
Web in 1989. He wrote the
first web browser in1990 while
employed at CERN in Switzerland.

Tim Berners-Lee
WHY DID BERNERS CREATE THE
WORLD WIDE WEB?
The web was originally conceived and developed to meet
the demand for automatic information-sharing between
scientists in universities and institutes around the world.
USAGE OF INTERNET TO PEOPLE
Sergey Brin and Larry
Page, directors of a
Standford research project,
built a search engine that
listed results to reflect page
popularity when they
determined that the most
popular result would
frequently be the most
usable.
After talking with family, friends,
and other investors into
contributing $1 million, the
researchers launched their
company in 1998.Google is now
the world’s most popular
search engine, accepting more
than 200 million queries daily.
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF
COMPUTER AND INTERNET TOWARD
STUDENTS
Positive Effects:
 Makes students life more fast and easy
 Enhances students’ general knowledge and IQ level
 Improving one’s thinking capability
 Improves students’ computer skills
 Satisfies students’ curiosity
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF
COMPUTER AND INTERNET TOWARD
STUDENTS
Negative Effects:
 Makes students more lethargic
 Critical health problems
 Laziness
 Students cannot concentrate well on their studies
Critics charged that the Internet created a technological
divide that increased the gap between the members of
the higher class and lower class of society.
On one hand, the unregulated and loose nature of the
Internet allowed pornography to be broadcast to million of
homes. Protecting children from these influences would be
difficult. Nowadays, crimes in various forms are rampant
because of the us of social media. Cyberbullying is an issue
that poses alarm worldwide. Consequently, we need to be
aware of the possible harm and damage due to abuse of
these advances in the Information Age.
APPLICATIONS OF
COMPUTERS IN
SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH
BIOINFORMATICS
PHARMACEUTICAL
INDUSTRY
 PLANT
BIOTECHNOLOGY
FIELD OF SCIENCE
- IN HELPING SCIENTISTS
RESEARCH:
SOFTWARE TOOLS WHICH ARE HANDY
IN THE ANALYSIS INCLUDES:
• BLAST – used for comparing sequences
• Annotator – an interactive genome analysis tool
• Gene Finder – tool to identify coding regions and splice
sites
(Madan, n.d.)
RELIABILIT Y OF
WEB SOURCES
H OW TO C H E C K T H E R E L I A B I L I T Y I F
WEB SOURCES
 TYPES OF
C I TAT I O N
Oxford

Harvard

Turabian

Chicago

Modern Language Association (MLA)

American Sociological Association (ASA)

American Psychological Association (APA)

American Anthropological Association (AAA)

Council of Science Editor

Council of Biology Editor

PLAGIARISM
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary, n.d)

To steal and pass off (the ideas or words of

another) as one’s own
To use (another’s production) without crediting
the source
To commit literary theft
To present a new and original an idea or product
derived from an existing source
Considered Plagiarism
• Turning in someone else’s work as your own
• Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving
credits
• Failing to put a quotation in quotation mark
• Giving incorrect information about the source of a
quotation
• Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a
source without giving credit
• Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it
makes up the majority of your work, whether you give
credits or not
 THE FOLLOWING ARE
THE GUIDELINES TO
HELP US IN CHECKING
THE RELIABILITY OF THE
WEB SOURCE
1. WHO IS
THE
AUTHOR
OF THE
ARTICLE/
SITE?
About the Author
Does the author provide his/her credentials?
What type of expertise does he or she have on the subject
he or she is writing about? Does he or she indicate what
his or her education is?
What type of experience does he or she have? Should
you trust his or her knowledge of the subject?
What kinds of websites are associated with the
author’s name? Is he or she affiliated with any
educational institution?
Do commercial sites come up? Do the website
associated with the author give you any clues to
particular biases the author might have?
 2. WHO
PUBLISHED
THE SITE??
WHOIS is a query and response protocol that is
widely used for querying databases that store the
registered users or assignees of an Internet resource,
such as a domain name, an IP address block or an
autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range
of other information.
SOME EXAMPLES OF SUFFIX
ON THE DOMAIN NAME
• .edu Education
• .com Commercial
• .mil Military
• .gov Government
• .org Non-profit
3. What is the main purpose
of the site? Why did the
author write it and why did
the publisher post it?
4. Who is the
intended audience?
5. What is the quality of
information provided on the
website ?
EXAMPLES OF
USEFUL AND
RELIABLE WEB
SOURCES
 AFA E-NEWSLETTER
(ALZHEIMER’S FOUNDATION
OF AMERICA NEWSLETTER )
 AMERICAN MEMORY – THE
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
HISTORICAL DIGITAL COLLECTION
 BARTLEBY.COM
GREAT BOOKS ONLINE
CHRONICLING AMERICA
CYBER BULLYING
DRUG – INFORMATION WEBSITES:

1. NATIONAL LIBRARY OF
MEDICINE’S MEDLINEPLUS

2. DRUGS.COM

3. PDRHEALTH
GLOBAL GATEWAY: WORLD
CULTURE AND RESOURCES
GOOGLE BOOKS
GOOGLESCHOLAR.COM
 HISTORY PROJECTS WITH PRIMARY
DOCUMENTS
-AVALON PROJECT: DOCUMENTS IN LAW,
HISTORY, AND DIMPLOMACY
ILLINOIS DIGITAL ARCHIVES
INTERNET ARCHIVE
INTERNET ARCHIVE FOR CARLI
DIGITIZED RESOURCES
INTERNET PUBLIC
LIBRARY
INTERNET PUBLIC
LIBRARY2
LIBRARIAN’S INTERNET
INDEX
MAKING OF AMERICA
MAPS
NATIONMASTER
NURSING SITES:

1. AHRQ

2. NATIONAL GUIDELINES
CLEARINGHOUSE

3. PUBMED
PROJECT GUTENBERG
SHMOOP
STATEMASTER
VIRTUAL REFERENCE