Cebu Institute of Technology - University

Cebu City
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME465
PLATE # 3

Name: LABAJO, KENT M. Date: October 20, 2021

Course and Year: BSME - 4 Instructor: Engr. Rodulfo R. Navarro Jr.

I. Title: ENGINE/ MACHINE FOUNDATION

II. PROBLEM:
From the results of plate #2, design and detail a foundation for the engines selected based
on a: a) rectangular foundation b) trapezoidal foundation and c) frustum foundation.
Assume other parameters as necessary for your design.
III. DETAILED SOLUTION:
A. Unit #1 (Base Load Unit)
Details (from the catalogue provided in Plate 2):
Engine Model: PERKINS APD-EPAP28
No. of cylinders: 4
Wk = 26 KW
Wb = 33.3 KW = 45.3 hp
Dry weight= 885 kg
L = 1938 mm = 1.938 m
W = 963 mm = 0.963 m
H = 1215 mm = 1.215 m
Conditions:
1. The bedsoil is found to be dry sand.
2. Clearance is limited to 80% of engine dimensions.
3. The height of the foundation must not exceed 2 m.
Solution:
a. Solving for the weight of the foundation using Table 4.5:
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
WF = 570 ℎ𝑝 x Wb = 570 ℎ𝑝 x 45.3 hp = 25821 kg
b. Solving for the volume of the foundation using Table 4.1:
𝑊𝑓 25821 𝑘𝑔
vf = = 𝑡𝑜𝑛 1000 𝑘𝑔 = 9.7071 m3
𝜌𝑓 2.66 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑡𝑜𝑛

c. Solving for the soil bearing capacity using Table 4.4:

𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 1000 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
Sb = 19.5 x = 19 500 𝑚2
𝑚2 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑘𝑔
𝑆𝑏 19 500 𝑘𝑔
𝑚2
Sbd = = =9 750 𝑚2
2 2

d. Solving for the area of the base

𝑊
Abase ≥ 𝑆𝑏𝑇
𝑑

𝑊𝐸 + 𝑊𝐹
Abase ≥ 𝑆𝑏𝑑

885 𝑘𝑔 + 25821 𝑘𝑔
Abase ≥ 𝑘𝑔
9 750
𝑚2

Abase ≥ 2.7390 m2
e. Rectangular Foundation
DIMENSIONS

L = 3.4788 m

W = 2.5038 m

H = 1.1144 m

CL = 1.938 m x 0.80 = 1.5504 m

CW = 0.963 m x 0.80 = 0.7704 m
L = 1.938 m + 2 (0.7704 m) = 3.4788 m
W = 0.963 m + 2 (0.7704 m) = 2.5038 m
𝑉 9.7071 𝑚3
H = 𝐿𝑥𝑊 = = 1.1144 m
3.4788 m x 2.5038 m
 Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.7390 m2
L x W ≥ 2.7390 m2

8.7102 m2 ≥ 2.7390 m2 ; ✓

H≤2m

1.1144 m ≤ 2 m; ✓

f. Trapezoidal Foundation

DIMENSIONS

L = 2.5178 m

W1 = 1.5428 m

W2 = 3.5 m

H = 1.5291 m

CL = 1.938 m x 0.30 = 0.5814 m

CW = 0.963 m x 0.30 = 0.2899 m
Use C = 0.2899 m
L = 1.938 m + 2 (0.2899 m) = 2.5178 m
W1 = 0.963 m + 2 (0.2899 m) = 1.5428 m
W2 = W2 > W1 = 3.5 m
𝑉 9.7071 𝑚3
H= 𝑊 + 𝑊2 = 1.5428 𝑚+3.5 𝑚 = 1.5291 m
𝐿 ( 1 ) 2.5178 𝑚 (
2
)
2
 Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.7390 m2
L x W2 ≥ 2.7390 m2

8.8123 m2 ≥ 2.7390 m2 ; ✓

H≤2m

1.5291 m ≤ 2 m; ✓

g. Frustum Foundation
DIMENSIONS

L1 = 2.2269 m

L2 = 2.7269 m

W1 = 1.2519 m

W2 = 1.7519 m

H = 1.099 m

CL = 1.938 m x 0.15 = 0.2907 m

CW = 0.963 m x 0.15 = 0.14445 m

L1 = 1.938 m + 2(0.14445m) = 2.2269 m

W1 = 0.963 m + 2(0.14445m) = 1.2519 m
L2 = L2 > L1 = L1 + 0.5 m = 2.2269 m + 0.5 m = 2.7269 m
W2 = W2 > W1 = W1 + 0.5 m = 1.2519 m + 0.5 m = 1.7519 m
Assume HP = 12 m
1 1
V = 3 L2W2 (HP + H) - 3 L1W1HP
1 1
9.7071 m3 = 3 (2.7269m)( 1.7519m)(12m + H) - 3(2.2269)(1.2519m)(12m)

H = 1.099 m
 Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.7390m2
L2 x W2 ≥ 2.7390m2

4.7773 m2 ≥ 2.0364 m2 ; ✓
H≤2m

1.099 m ≤ 2 m; ✓

B. Unit #2 (Peak Load Unit)

Details (from the catalogue provided in Plate 2):
Engine Model: PERKINS APD33P (Standby)
No. of cylinders: 3
Wk = 26.4 KW
Wb = 31 KW = 41.6 hp
Dry weight= 780 kg
L = 2204 mm = 2.204 m
W = 899 mm = 0.899 m
H = 1307 mm = 1.307 m
Conditions:
1. The bedsoil is found to be dry sand.
2. Clearance is limited to 40% of engine dimensions.
3. The height of the foundation must not exceed 2 m.
Solution:
a. Solving for the weight of the foundation using Table 4.5:
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
WF = 570 ℎ𝑝 x Wb = 570 ℎ𝑝 x 41.6 hp = 23712 kg

b. Solving for the volume of the foundation using Table 4.1:

𝑊𝑓 23712𝑘𝑔
vf = = 𝑡𝑜𝑛 1000 𝑘𝑔 = 8.9142 m3
𝜌𝑓 2.66 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑡𝑜𝑛
c. Solving for the soil bearing capacity using Table 4.4:
𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 1000 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
Sb = 19.5 x = 19 500 𝑚2
𝑚2 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑘𝑔
𝑆𝑏 19 500 𝑘𝑔
𝑚2
Sbd = = =9 750 𝑚2
2 2

d. Solving for the area of the base

𝑊
Abase ≥ 𝑆𝑏𝑇
𝑑

𝑊𝐸 + 𝑊𝐹
Abase ≥ 𝑆𝑏𝑑

780 𝑘𝑔 + 23712𝑘𝑔
Abase ≥ 𝑘𝑔
9 750
𝑚2

Abase ≥ 2.512 m2
e. Rectangular Foundation

DIMENSIONS

L = 2.9232 m

W = 1.6182 m

H = 1.8845 m

CL = 2.204 m x 0.4 = 0.8816 m

CW = 0.899 m x 0.4 = 0.3596 m
L = 2.204 m + 2 (0.3596 m) = 2.9232 m
W = 0.899m + 2 (0.3596 m) = 1.6182 m
𝑉 8.9142 𝑚3
H = 𝐿 𝑥 𝑊 = 2.9232𝑚 𝑥 1.6182 𝑚 = 1.8845 m
 Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.512 m2
L x W ≥ 2.512 m2

4.7303 m2 ≥ 2.512 m2 ; ✓

H≤2m

1.8845 m ≤ 2 m; ACCEPTABLE✓

f. Trapezoidal Foundation

DIMENSIONS

L = 2.9232 m

W1 = 1.6182 m

W2 = 2 m

H = 1.8845 m

CL = 2.204 m x 0.4 = 0.8816 m

CW = 0.899 m x 0.4 = 0.3596 m
L = 2.204 m + 2(0.3596m) = 2.9232 m
W1 = 0.899 m + 2(0.3596m) = 1.6182 m
W2 = W 2 > W1 = 2 m
𝑉 8.9142 𝑚3
H = 𝐿 𝑥 𝑊 = 2.9232 = 1.8845 m
𝑚 𝑥 1.6182 𝑚
 Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.512 m2
L x W2 ≥ 2.512 m2

5.8464 m2 ≥ 2.512 m2 ; ✓

H≤2m

1.8845 m ≤ 2 m; ✓

g. Frustum Foundation
DIMENSIONS

L1 = 2.7434 m

L2 = 3.2343 m

W1 = 1.4384 m

W2 = 1.9384 m

H = 0.1626 m

CL = 2.204 m x 0.3 = 0.6612 m

CW = 0.899 m x 0.3 = 0.2697m
L1 = 2.204 m + 2(0.2697m) = 2.7434 m
W1 = 0.899 m + 2(0.2697m) = 1.4384 m
L2 = L2> L1 = L1 + 0.5 m = 2.7434 m + 0.5 m = 3.2343 m
W2 = W2 > W1 = W1 + 0.5 m = 1.4384 m + 0.5 m = 1.9384 m
Assume HP = 8 m
1 1
V = 3 L2W2 (HP + H) - 3 L1W1HP
1 1
8.9142 m3 = 3 (3.2343 m)( 1.9384 m)( 8m + H) - 3(2.7434 m)( 1.4384 m)(8 m)

H = 0.1626 m
Checking:
Abase ≥ 2.512m2
L2 x W2 ≥ 2.512 m2

6.2694 m2 ≥ 2.512 m2 ; ✓

H≤2m

0.1626 m ≤ 2 m; ✓