AMA COMPUTER LEARNING

CENTER NORTHBAY BRANCH

Procrastination and its effect to the academic performance of Gas 11 Students in

AMA Computer Learning Center

Gas 11-D Pythagoras

Submitted to:

Ma’am Elisa

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical Research 1

Submitted by:

Lomobos, Cristal Jade

Pastor, Rochelle

Solero, Erika

June 2022

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, thanks to the God, the Almighty, for His showers of

blessings throughout the research work of my group to complete the research

successfully. We would like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our research

adviser, Ma'am Elisa for giving us the opportunity to do research and providing

invaluable guidance throughout this research. Her sincerity and motivation have deeply

inspired us. She has taught my group the methodology to carry out the research and to

present the research works as clearly as possible. And it was a great privilege and honor

to work and study under her guidance. We are extremely grateful for what she has taught

to us. We are extremely grateful to our parents for their love, prayers, support, caring and

sacrifices for educating and preparing me for my future. We would like to say thanks to

my research colleagues and classmates for their constant encouragement and participation

in conducting this research. Finally, my thanks go to all the people who have supported

me to complete the research work directly or indirectly.

DEDICATION

The researchers would like to dedicate this research to our family who supports

us, to our teachers who guides us in doing this, to their full support, patience and

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understanding. To our schoolmates and classmates who participate to us. Special thanks

to our teachers who guides and understand us while doing this research in order to finish

our research successfully thank you so much to all of you.

Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………2

DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………..2

Chapter I: Introduction and Its Background

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...5

Objectives………………………………………………………………………………...7

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………………...7

Hypothesis………………………………………………………………………………..8

Significance of the Study………………………………………………………………...8

Scope and Limitations……………………………………………………………………9

Definition of Terms………………………………………………………………………10
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Chapter II: Review of Related Literatures and Studies

Local Literature………………………………………………………………………….13

Foreign Literature………………………………………………………………………..14

Local Studies………………………………………………………………………….....15

Foreign Studies…………………………………………………………………………..16

Chapter III: Research Methodology

Research Design…………………………………………………………………………18

Sampling Procedure…………………………………………………………………...…18

Locale of the Study……………………………………………………………………....19

Research Instrument……………………………………………………………..……….19

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………………………..20

Data Analysis…………………………………………………………………………….20

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Chapter 1

The Problem and its background

Introduction

Do procrastinating really affect our academic achievement? If so what will be the

effects? Up until today, students are struggling to finish off tasks with having only a very

short amount of time frame. In addition, lots of tasks are given every week. Truthfully,

we needed to use every bit of resources such as time for us to not get deductions.

However, some students are not capable of managing their time to finish the tasks given.

They may accidentally or intentionally commit this what so called "procrastination".

According to Cherry (2020) procrastination is what you called to the act of delaying

or postponing tasks until it is near the deadline even if the consequences are negative. In

addition, it is not good to become a habit, however, we still do this accidentally or

intentionally. Not all the people are procrastinators but maybe all have done it. In fact,

according to study (Ferrari 2010) found out that 20 percent of male and female in U.S are

all the time procrastinators. In addition, ever since you were not born, procrastination is

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spreading as fast as a virus when a person grows over time. However, there are no

correlations between age and procrastination, since it was found by Berkleyen (2017). To

put simply, any age is prone to do or commit procrastination. In addition, in terms of

relations with the motivation of the students, it was found out that "less procrastination

was found in participants who have higher motivation" Berkleyen (2017).

"Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today" that is the most known famous

phrase of B. Franklin. A study conducted by Franklin stated that "procrastination can be

tied to low self-control, poor performance, and small manifestations of well-being. The

author also stated that if a person has serious procrastination, they may struggle to

blaming themselves, anxiety, stress, they may feel guilt, and their relation to the people

around them will be affected.

Procrastinating may not only lead to negative consequences, not all may lead to

harmful effects. It may lead to positive consequences also. According to Choi (2005),

procrastination have two classifications such as passive and active procrastinators. It was

differentiated by the author that, passive procrastinators are the normal ones, they

postpone tasks even though there are warnings and may bound to fail. In contrast, active

procrastinators are the positive ones. They intentionally procrastinate and prefer to work

under pressure because somehow, they feel comfortable with it. Although those types

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have negative or positive consequences, it is still a bad habit to practice since the

opportunity to do a certain task is wasted

So, if this habit is continuously practiced by many students, what would be the

effects to their academic achievement? Will there be a short- and long-term effects? It is

necessary to find out the consequences of procrastination to the academic achievement of

students since it may affect themselves for their performance and also their future. Should

students stop being so lazy about doing their tasks so that they may have considerable

amounts of outcomes? Hence, this study aims to find out what will be the effects of

procrastination to the academic achievement of senior high school students.

II. Objectives

1. To know how procrastination affects the academic performances of every

students.

2. To help them avoid this kind of practices which causes so much disadvantages.

III. Statement of the Problem

3. The major concern of this study is to determine the effects of procrastination to

the

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academic achievement of senior high school students at AMA Computer Learning

Center

4.
5. In detail, the study sought to answer the following questions

6. 1. What is the profile of students in terms of

7. 1.1 Name

8. 1.2 Sex

9. 1.3 Whether the student have his/her gadget or cell phone

10. 2. What are the effects of Procrastination in terms of

11. 2.1 Academic achievement

12. 3. Based on the results gathered, what management plan can be suggested to
lessen
13. the academic procrastination of the students?

IV. Hypothesis

Procrastination won’t help students grow as a learner.

V. Significance of the Study

The study could provide information regarding the perception of senior high

students in AMA Computer Learning Center towards procrastination or cramming. The

study could be considered significant to the following:

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SCHOOL: This will help the school to get a better view of the insights of their students

toward the act of procrastinating and to gain additional understanding about their

students’ situation, not only in terms of time management but also in the psychological

aspect. This study could build a better connection between the school and its students.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE STUDENTS: This will help them have a

better understanding of what the situation is when it comes to handling priorities and

tasks. They can use this as a tool to assess themselves, and help others like them, after

reading this paper.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS: This will help them discover new knowledge regarding the

bird's-eye view of the topic which is commonly unknown for many. This is also an

opportunity to dig deeper and know more about procrastination Future Researchers: This

will help them discover new knowledge. regarding the bird's-eye view of the topic which

is commonly unknown for many. This is also an opportunity to dig deeper and know

more about procrastination that sounds usual to the masses but definitely a complex one.

This will also help them sharpen their understanding regarding this phenomenon. This

study will also serve as a mirror for future researchers because there are possibilities that

they will see themselves on the respondents' point of view. They will definitely gain

something new in this study.

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VI. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study is limited only to the Senior High School students ofAma Computer

Learning Center. Data will be collected from participants using an adopted questionnaire.

The data that will be gathered and provided, will serve as the main bases of the findings

and conclusion that can be derived from the study. Since the face-to-face instruction is

not allowed, the participants will answer the questionnaire thru online platform.

This study is conducted to acquire more knowledge and comprehension of

procrastination among students considering academic performance. Just as students put

their physical bodies at risk students are putting their mental health on the line as well.

More and more students are piling on mountains of stresses and strains on their bodies

but more so on their minds by choosing to procrastinate. Students may gain anxiety, and

or depression problems because of the exceeding amount of stress and pressure they put

themselves under when students defer tasks. Another effect of procrastination is building

up unnecessary amounts of stress. This study will not cover the state of the world when

it comes to procrastination and time management.

VII. Definition of Terms

Behaviorism - is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of

humans and other animals.

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Comprehension - adds meaning to what is read. Reading comprehension

occurs when words on a page are not just mere words but thoughts

and ideas. Comprehension makes reading enjoyable, fun, and

informative. It is needed to succeed in school, work, and life in

general.

A consequence - is something you do after your child behaves in a certain

way. A consequence can be positive or negative. Try to give positive

consequences for your child's positive behavior more often than you

give negative consequences for unwanted behaviors.

A research phenomenon - can be any problem, issue, or topic that is chosen

as the subject of an investigation. The phenomenon may originate in

either the practical world of affairs, a theoretical discipline, or a

personal experience or insight.

Psychoanalysis - is defined as a set of psychological theories and therapeutic

methods which have their origin in the work and theories of Sigmund

Freud. The primary assumption of psychoanalysis is the belief that all

people possess unconscious thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories.

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Psychodynamic theory - also known as psychoanalytic psychotherapy, helps

clients understand their emotions and unconscious patterns of

behavior. By talking through these emotions and behaviors with a

social worker, clients come to know themselves better and make

better decisions for themselves.

The psychological aspect - of the making and messages of art work can

provide opportunities for release of emotions, expression and

definition of self. Psychological factors such as anxiety, depression,

stress, mood, fear of falling and self-esteem have also been examined.

Self-control - an aspect of inhibitory control, is the ability to regulate one's

emotions, thoughts, and behavior in the face of temptations and

impulses. As an executive function, it is a cognitive process that is

necessary for regulating one's behavior in order to achieve specific

goals.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

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This chapter presents the relevant literature and studies that the researcher

considered in strengthening the importance of the present study. It also contains the

synthesis of the study to fully understand the research for better comprehension of the

study.

Local Literature

Procrastination is the action of unnecessarily and voluntarily delaying or

postponing something despite knowing that there will be negative consequences for

doing so. This practices mostly happening now due to the new normal learning system

which enable students take chances or opportunities to do this action. As a result, most of

the learners encounter so much disadvantages of it whether it comes to their grades, or as

an individual and so on. According to Quenna (2011), students who suffer from this

syndrome (student syndrome) delay doing a task until right before deadline. They work

on a paper just before it is due and, for lack of time, often resort to cutting and pasting

passages from other sources, without proper attribution.

However, Mejia (2017) said, The 'Mañana habit,' synonymous to the Filipino

expression “Mamaya na,” is just another term for procrastination. This applies to all sorts

of things but it can also affect your health. Mañana Habit is the regular tendency or

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practice of putting off until tomorrow what can be done today. Those students who

procrastinate often may lead to have their low performance or grades in every school

works they’ve done which causes them more problematic then may increases student

tendency to procrastinate more.

According to Rios (2016) time waits for no one. The smart thing for one to do is

to be ready with things to do for any time available. It means making one's time

productive. We all know that time management will be the key to avoid doing

procrastination. Every students must have to know their priorities especially in academic

purposes. You should know what to do time by time, what to finish, and so on. Avoiding

procrastination may help you to grow as a learner nor as an individual.

Foreign Literature

New normal learning system is one of the biggest factor why students take

chances or opportunities to procrastinate. According to Pacheco (2020), The pandemic

ushers in a “new” normal, in which digitization enforces ways of working and learning. It

forces education further into technologization, a development already well underway,

fueled by commercialism and the reigning market ideology. This technology based
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education system causes students or learners to be lazy that pushes them to procrastinate

every time.

Plaxton (2017) reported that many students treated procrastination as the worst

hindrance when managing their time because they would prioritize the thing they revel in

over their work. Some students have so many schedules, including school, homework,

household chores, social life, and/or other extracurricular activities. Because of this,

homework and schoolwork are frequently neglected, and they will do something more

enjoyable to allow them to have extra freedom in the rest of their schedule. This type of

doings is so alarming and not should be considerate.

In addition to this, cramming may also be include in this topic. We literally know

that most of the student do cram in every school works and so on. Karafiloski (2018) has

stated three (3) strategies to overcome procrastination in line with what has just been

stated. Primarily, it is important to do your morning routines. Secondly, do it right now

and pass it on to the actual deadline. Lastly, discipline yourself. You should always know

what you need to do. You need to be focused and to work smarter and not harder.

Local Studies

According to Asia pacific journal of multidisciplinary research (2020),

procrastination is a worldwide problem and issue. A global online survey conducted by

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StudyMode, an ed-tech company stated that the number of students who are involved in

procrastination is increasing. Most of them spent time doing things that are irrelevant to

their studies. Procrastination is widespread, it can be seen doing by students whose part

of online learning as well as limited face to face classes in different schools and

universities.

From the research conducted by Grade 12 HUMSS students at kasiglahan village

senior high school (2019), Mañana habit may lead to procrastination, most specifically

the academic procrastination. It is defined as a permanent desire on the part of the student

to postpone the academic activities. It is considered as a significant problem because

many students lack efficient time management to do such things. This habit is considered

as one of Filipino students awful attitude. They use to delay their school works knowing

that their grades and performances will be at risk.

Efficient use of time and the proper use of time on study materials contribute

greatly to successful school experience and to maintain maximum achievements. For the

instance, students must be made to realize the value of proper time management to one’s

achievement status (Time management and science achievement of PNU freshmen

students). This practices may be effective to lessen students procrastination and to lessen

hassles in every school works they’ve need to finish or do on time.

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Foreign Studies

New normal learning system has an impacts in students procrastination that may

lead to their low performance in school, mental and physical problems and so on.

Academic procrastination is an increasing concern within the educational sector,

especially in this pandemic. Prior research on online and distance learning suggests that

the demand of self-regulation are higher in distance education settings with students

tending to lack self-regulation, effort regulation and motivation. It is further argued that

academic procrastinators are less inclined to self regulate, which has a negative effects on

performance in online courses (Melgaard, Monir, Lasrado, Fagerstom 2022).

According to Gargari, Sabouri, and Norzad (2011) Procrastination may be

defined as a way to avoid or escape from undesirable tasks. The procrastinator usually

justifies his action by saying that "This is a boring assignment," or "I will do it later".

This practices tend to be an attitude of students as a procrastinator. Procrastinators

actually fail in accomplishing self-regulation. Compared with normal students, they have

lower ability to resist the social temptations, especially when the academic prize is rather

far-off.

Furthermore, we literally know that procrastination has a bad effects in academic

performances. Delaying doing schoolwork, projects, task and so on may lead to poor or

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low performance as many procrastinators experiences. Aside from that it may also lead to

stress. According to Baumeister PhD (2010), they found that early in the semester,

procrastinators reported lower stress and less illness than non-procrastinators, but that late

in the term, procrastinators reported higher stress and more illness. Procrastinating simply

shows that this will not be helpful and effective in doing school works.

Chapter 3

Research Methodology

This chapter will present the method that is use in this study, it includes the

research design, sampling procedure, locale of the study, population sampling procedure,

research instrument, data gathering procedure, and data analysis.

Research Design

The research design that will be utilized in this study is phenomenology. Edmund

Husserl the German philosopher was the modern founder of phenomenology. This

method investigates the everyday experiences of human beings while suspending the

researchers’ preconceived assumptions about the phenomenon (Delvetool 2022). Using

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this particular design we would be able to achieve the results that we are aiming for in

our study.

Sampling Procedure

Simple random sampling will be use in this study. The respondents of the study

will be the selected Gas 11 students of AMA Computer Learning Center enrolled for the

academic year 2021-2022.

The student-respondents will purposely be chosen because the researcher believe

that through simple random sampling they can contribute to our study about how

procrastination affects their academic performances as a learner. Hence, online learning

students possess to do this such procrastination practices.

Locale of the Study

The study was carried out at the AMA computer learning center, which is located

in MTSC Bldg. Corner Capulong Juan Luna St. Tondo, Manila, It was decided to study

the effects of procrastination on the students. Students at the AMA computer learning

center starting in grade 11 participated in this study. The researchers started this research

because we perceived that many students studying in AMA Computer Learning Center

were most of the time procrastinating, therefore the researchers conducted a survey to

find a solution to reduce procrastination.

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Research Instrument

To gather the appropriate data the researchers will use an open-ended

questionnaire to determine the effects of Procrastination to the academic performance of

Gas 11 Students in AMA Computer Learning Center. The questionnaire is consisting of

four questions that they can respond by typing their answer on the provided space. Their

answer will be based on their own perspective, opinion experiences and their point of

view. The researchers will ask for the approval of students to answer the said

questionnaire and to justify its validity to the said respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers took the list of students from GAS 11 in AMA Computer

Learning Center, the samples from each section were selected respectively. The said

students were asked to answer a given questionnaire as it will help the researchers to

gather the data that they need, the questionnaire will be about procrastination and its

effect to the academic performance of GAS 11 students, the researchers will send the

Questionnaire to the responders using Google Forms for them to complete. Finally, the

researcher will make a general observation to the respondent’s response and will be

evaluated and interpreted. The received responses will be subjected to interpretation for

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the results in order to analyze non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions or

experiences of the respondents.

Data Analysis

The researchers will use a series of questions that will lead to a better

understanding and appreciation of the situation figuring out what the study’s findings are.

The research should be beneficial to pupils and provide them with information. Teachers

and parents should be aware of what to expect in their academic performance. The data

will be kept in a document using the results of each student’s survey. The data will be

interpreted by general observation and the contradicted and divergent findings of data

will be discussed.The researchers will use multiple coding and justify the credibility of

the results.

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