ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF TARDINESS ON ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 12 CURRICULUM AT LANTING REGION

NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL

RESEARCH PAPER
Presented to
The Faculty and Staff
of Lanting Region National High School Senior High School
Lanting, Roxas, Isabela

In Partial Fulfillment
of the requirements for the Applied Subject Inquiries,
Investigations, and Immersion with specialization
in Bread and Pastry Production

ABOBO, JUN-JUN P.
BERGADO, RENATO M.
CORIA, LARRY MANNY A.
DUMAGUING, JAKE C.
VALDEZ, KRISTOFF IVAN F.

February 2023

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEETS
ABSTRACT
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
DEDICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LISTS OF TABLES
LISTS OF FIGURES
LIST OF APPENDICES

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND…………

1.1 Introduction………………………………………………………
1.2 Conceptual/Theoretical Framework……………………………..
1.3 Statement of the Problem/Purpose (and hypotheses if applicable)
……………………………………………………………
1.4 Significance of the Study………………………………………...
1.5 Scope and Delimitation (or Limitation/s) of the Study………….
1.6 Definition of Terms……………………………………………...

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………..

2.1 Foreign Studies
2.2. Local Studies

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODS………………………………..

3.1 Research Design…………………………………………………

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 3.2 Participants of the Study…………………………………………
3.3 Setting of the Study……………………………………………...
3.4 Research Instrument……………………………………………..
3.5 Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………..
3.6 Data Analysis…………………………………………………….

CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA………………………...………………..

CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………...
5.1 Summary…………………………………………………………...
5.2 Conclusions………………………………………………………...
5.3 Recommendations………………………………………………….

REFERENCES. …………………………………………………………...
APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………
CURRICULUM VITAE……………………………………………...…...

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 CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction

Tardiness, the habitual lateness in arriving for scheduled events, appointments, or

obligations, is a pervasive issue with far-reaching consequences in various aspects of

life, including academic, professional, and personal domains. Its roots often intertwine

with multifaceted factors, ranging from individual behavior patterns to systemic

inefficiencies. Within educational settings, tardiness disrupts the learning

environment, undermines student engagement, and hampers academic progress. In the

workplace, chronic tardiness can breed resentment among colleagues, erode trust with

supervisors, and impede career advancement. Moreover, in personal relationships,

repeated lateness can strain bonds, create tension, and diminish reliability.

Consequently, understanding the underlying causes and implementing effective

strategies to mitigate tardiness is paramount for fostering a culture of punctuality and

maximizing productivity.

Tardiness, or consistently being late for planned activities, appointments, or

commitments, is a widespread problem that has an impact on many facets of life,

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including the personal, professional, and academic spheres. Its causes are frequently

complex, involving everything from individual behavioral habits to systemic

inefficiencies. Academic development is hampered by tardiness in educational

environments, which also disturbs the learning atmosphere and lowers student

involvement. Persistent tardiness at work can undermine confidence with superiors,

foster animosity among coworkers, and inhibit career advancement. Furthermore,

being late on a regular basis can weaken relationships, cause conflict, and reduce

dependability. Therefore, cultivating a culture of timeliness and optimizing

productivity require a thorough understanding of the root causes of tardiness and the

application of practical mitigation methods.

Conducting students' tardiness is essential to study as it can impact their learning,

rehearsal efficiency, ensemble cohesion, and overall performance quality. Teachers

can develop ways to lessen tardiness and promote a more orderly and punctual

learning environment by having a better understanding of the causes of tardiness

among their own students. Early intervention on tardiness can also help students

develop valuable professional habits that will help them in their future work as

conductors.

1.2 Conceptual/Theoretical Framework

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The paradigm in the next page presents the conceptual framework of the study.

Through the input, process, output of the study. This framework is used to determine

1.3 Statement of the Problem/Purpose (and hypotheses if applicable)

1.1 How does tardiness affect the students academic performance?

1.2 What are those major problems with being late to class?

1.3 What are those factors that cause students tardiness?

1.1 physical

1.2 social

1.3 mental

•There are various ways in which tardiness might affect a student’s academic

achievement. First of all, tardiness causes students to miss valuable instructional time,

which can result in comprehension gaps or insufficient mastery of the subject matter

covered in class. Second, persistent tardiness may cause interruptions and distractions

for both the tardy student and their peers, therefore impairing the learning

environment. Chronic tardiness may also be an indication of ineffective time

management techniques or underlying problems that may have an impact on students’

progress and general academic involvement.

•Being late for class can bother other students, interfere with the instruction, and be

disrespectful to the instructor and fellow students. It may also be more difficult for

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you to participate in group conversations and activities, and others may perceive you

as unreliable or irresponsible.

•There are several practical and psychological aspects that lead to student tardiness.

Procrastination affects students mentally because some find it difficult to manage

their time effectively or are unmotivated to get ready for class on time. Additionally,

students may become less motivated to be on time if they feel disengaged from or

apathetic toward school, which might cloud their judgment about the value of

punctuality. Students who struggle to find the motivation to be on time may also be

discouraged from showing up for class on time due to anxiety and tension related to

their behavior in the classroom or their academic performance. Moreover, students’

capacity to maintain regular attendance patterns may be hampered by underlying

mental health conditions like depression or attention disturbance.

1.4 Significance of the Study

Students

The study clarifies the effect of tardiness on Lanting Region National High School

grade 12 students’ academic performance. It sheds light on the relationship

between a student’s academic performance and timeliness. Students may be

inspired to be more punctual and to recognize the value of time management in

their academic endeavors as a result.

Teacher/s

Teachers can better grasp how tardiness affects their students’ performance by

consulting the studies. It may inspire individuals to put into practice techniques

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 that promote regularity and punctuality in the classroom, improving the

atmosphere for learning.

Future Researcher/s

This study can be a useful tool for future academics who want to look into the

connection between academic achievement and timeliness. It can serve as a

starting point for more research, perhaps using a bigger sample size or in various

educational contexts.

1.5 Scope and Delimitation (or Limitation/s) of the Study

The General intention of this study will focus on analyzing the impact of tardiness on

academic performance among the grade 12 curriculum of Lanting Region National

Highschool. It will delve into the different instructional techniques used to enhance

student learning outcomes, productivity engagement, and their overall academic

performance.

The study will take place at Lanting Region National High School due to the

researchers’ convenient location and time availability, enabling easy collection of

necessary and needed information for the research.

1.6 Definition of Terms

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Tardiness

The quality or fact of being late; lateness.

Analyzing

Examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of (something,

especially information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation.

Impact

Have a strong effect on someone or something.

Student

A person who is studying at a school or college.

Academic

Academic is used to describe things that relate to the work done in schools,

colleges, and universities, especially work which involves studying and reasoning.

Performance

The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.

Late

Doing something or taking place after the expected, proper, or usual time.

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 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Foreign Studies (10 Literature)
1) A Behavior modification program was developed and implemented to decrease the
tardy behavior of 20 middle school students (ages 13 to 15) in a self-contained
dropout prevention class. Student interviews revealed that the students were unable to
manage their time, were not motivated to attend class, and did not find class
rewarding. The intervention program included the following components: (1) daily
time card sign-in; (2) points for prompt attendance, exchangeable for rewards; and (3)
a time-management workshop to teach new strategies to save and manage time.
APA-Johnson, B. (1995). A Behavior Modification Program To Reduce
Tardiness in Middle School Dropout Prevention Students.
Link-https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=students+tardiness+related+literature&oq=students+
tardiness#d=gs_qabs&t=1710589082724&u=%23p%3Dl-K1TGLC6IMJ

2) Many teenagers are sleep deprived, which can affect student

attendance/tardiness, achievement, engagement, and behavior/discipline.
Teenagers are biologically programmed to go to bed after 10:30 p.m. and need
nine hours of sleep a night; therefore, starting school before 8 a.m. results in

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sleep deprivation for teenagers. Many factors affect student sleep habits, but the
one thing a school can do to help this issue is start school later.
APA-Lazevnick, Christopher John – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=ED634597

3) Results indicate that student tardiness at the high school level is exacerbated
by parental enabling, students socializing during passing periods, lack of caring
on part of students and parents, morning traffic, school layout, going off campus
for lunch, teachers holding students after class, and lack of consistency among
faculty when enforcing tardiness policies. This study found that factors beyond
the control of the student are major contributors to high school student
tardiness, and that high schools have a limited menu of options to choose from
when designing and implementing tardiness reduction strategies.
APA-Gile, Curtis S. – ProQuest LLC, 2013
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=ED561786

4) The driving force behind the creation of the S.T.R.O.N.G. Program was to
determine if this intervention could support a change in students' intent to be on
time for class.
APA-Robertson, Christopher Bryce – ProQuest LLC, 2022
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=ED621672

5) Employing an empirical model on a large-scale, longitudinal, multilevel

dataset of urban elementary school children over 6 years of observations, there
are 2 significant findings. First, students with greater tardiness perform worse
on both standardized reading and math tests. Second, holding constant an
individual's own record of tardiness, students whose classmates are tardy more
frequently also have lower test scores.
APA-Gottfried, Michael A. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, v25
n1 p3-28 2014
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=EJ1026967

6) Excessive student tardiness has a negative impact upon a student's future (Ried,
2000). Some of the implications are academic failure, high school drop-outs,
emotional dependency, drug dependency, fighting and bullying (Chang & Romero,
2008). Student tardiness is a key factor in determining if a child will become at risk
(Greenfield, 2002). Without intervention, tardy behaviors often result in serious
emotional and social problems (Harrman, 2007).

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APA-Farrar, Ronald James
ProQuest LLC, Ed.D. Dissertation, Cambridge College

Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=ED515040

7) Two students from each class were selected for the experimental group, the other 2
for the control group. A contingency contract was signed individually with the
students in the experimental group. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Students'
tardiness records from the treatment stage were compared via analysis of covariance
(ANCOVA) with those for the pre-treatment 12-week stage. Results from data
analysis indicate that participants in the experimental group showed significantly
fewer tardiness counts than those in the control group, which suggests that this
behavior modification technique can be effectively applied to decrease student
tardiness by high school teachers.
APA-Din, Feng S.; Isack, Lori R.; Rietveld, Jill – 2003
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&ft=on&id=ED474642

8) Delaying school start times may help in alleviating some of the negative effects of
the lack of sleep among adolescents. There appears to be a consensus among various
researchers that later school start times are associated with an increase in total sleep
time in adolescents, although some researchers find that such an effect might be
fleeting. In addition, later school start times are associated with better behavioral
health, decreased tardiness, and a decreased rate of vehicle crashes for school-aged
drivers.
APA-Gonzalez Hernandez, Vanessa; Shneyderman, Aleksandr – Research Services,
Miami-Dade County Public Schools, 2020
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&ft=on&id=ED608070

9) Behavior modification approaches include the following: being locked out of class;
detentions; parent conferences; additional assignments; reductions in grades; work
details during lunch, after school, or free periods; Saturday classes; token systems for
being on time; time cards; time management workshops; contingency contracts; and
tardy rooms. Many of these strategies proved effective, but detentions, reduced
grades, tardy rooms, and additional assignments proved ineffective at changing
behavior. Other schools, however, look at the reasons that students are tardy and try to
address the underlying problems. This approach is based on the idea that before a
school can change the behavior of at-risk students, they must understand what is
going on in those students' lives.
APA-Muir, Mike – Education Partnerships, Inc., 2005
Link-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&ft=on&id=ED538646

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10) try to meet state and federal requirements of No Child Left Behind, student
academic achievement becomes a crucial part of that standard. However, schools are
faced with challenges that may hinder overall student success. Some secondary
schools are struggling with student tardiness and absenteeism. Tardies and
absenteeism have an impact on the learning environment and the climate of the entire
school. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact tardies and absenteeism
have on academic achievement of ninth-grade students in three high schools in
Georgia that failed to make Adequate Yearly Progress for six consecutive years.
APA-https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Students+tardiness+&id=ED547982
Link-Quarles, Donald – ProQuest LLC

2.2 Local Studies (10 Literature)

1)

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 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODS

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 CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

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 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary

5.2 Conclusions

5.3 Recommendations

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