Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
Liceo de San Jose, Inc.
Fontillar St. Pob. East Milagros, Masbate

_________________________________
“Factors Affecting Tardiness Among
Grade 10 Students of Liceo de San Jose,
Inc.”
In Partial fulfillment for the requirements of Grade 12-St. Vincent De Paul in Practical Research 2

RESEARCHERS
Jhoncel B. Aganan
Maria Irish C. Almero
Debie Shane G. Dorongon
Arzhel Jhon C. Eleuterio
Cherry Ann D. Labastida
Nicole E. Labastida
Angela E. Manlapaz
Raiza Mae R. Oreta
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Mission, Vision, Core Values ………………………….……………….…..3

Dedication…………………………………………………………5

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction and Its Background.……………………………………..……..6
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………………7
Significance of the Study, Scope and Delimitation. ……………..……..…...9

CHAPTER 2: THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature………………………………….………….…10
Review of Related Study………………..…………………………………...12
Theoritical framework…………………………………………………….....15
Paradigm of the Study……………………………………………...………..16
Hypothesis of the Study, Assumption of the Study, Definition of Terms……….
……………………………………………...…….…17

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
Research Design, Respondents of the Study …..………………...…………..20
Instrument of the Study………………………………………………………21
Validity and Reliability………………………………….………………..….22
Statistical Treatment………………………………….………………………23

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE

STUDY
Presentation of Data………..…………………………………………………26
Analysis of Data, Interpretation of Data…………………………...…………………………………....
………....27
Discussion…………………………………………………….………..….….37

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 CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings………………………………………………………...39
Conclusion………………… …....……………………………………….…..42
Recommendation……………………………………………………………..43

Acknowledgement………………………………………..…….……44

APPENDICES
Appendices A……...………………………………………………………….46
Appendices B…………………………………………………………………48

References…………………………………………………………………….50
Profile ……………………………………………………………………..….53
Documentation …………………………………………………………….....58

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 MISSION
Liceo de San Jose, Inc. inspired by the example of St. Joseph, provides quality catholic and faith-
centered education to words optimum development of learners and transformation of society through
competent and committed educators, efficient systems, updated facilities, and engage stakeholders.

VISION
Liceo de San Jose, Inc. is a Christ-centered community with an improved learning environment
pursuing the total development of persons responsive to the need of the local church and society.

CORE VALUES
Respect
Discipline
Faith
Justice
Excellence

DEDICATION

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 This topic are also dedicated to students, parents and the students who barely encountered tardiness.
From this topic, We relate it to the possible victims of tardiness. We shared knowledge to them about the
impacts to academic performance and students behavior of junior high school students which is grade 10
and possibly prevent the tardiness.

4
 CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND
ITS BACKGROUND

5
 A. INTRODUCTION AND ITS BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Tardiness is the habit of being late or delaying arrival. It is a common behavior especially in
students, students are full of problems, complications, frustrations and some issues that causes tardiness.
It is a form of misconduct that is punishable in various issues especially in school. And punctually is the
opposite of this tardiness and histories say that this recounts back to the idea of siesta by the Spaniards
that is still present today (Valeriano, 2016).
Lateness or tardiness is defined by Longman English dictionary by A.W the after of proper time
according to the world book dictionary by C.L and R.K Barahat.it goes further that latecomers are the
ones who arrives late. Lateness as delayed, slow, tardy and overdue and behind which is defined by
Nuttal dictionary. In the research lateness in the school environment means that delay in getting to
school by students, teachers or any other administrative staffs. It is because of many factors that can
result into less time in subject period and general activities in the first hours of the days.
According to the World Book Dictionary by C.L. and R.K. Barahat, lateness or tardiness is defined
by A.W. Longman as occurring after the appropriate time. It further states that latecomers are those who
arrive late. According to the Nuttal Dictionary, being late means being behind schedule, tardy, delayed,
and slow. According to the study, being late at school refers to students, instructors, or any other
administrative staff arriving late. There are several reasons why there may be less time spent on subject
matter and other activities in the morning.
Children commonly miss their school or coming late because of their usual habit as waking up late
due to laziness, rushing of undone assignments, unprepared bath, breakfast or meals, clothes, their pack
lunch etc., waiting for friends coming to school is late. And sometimes because of some problems in
their parents that affects them and interest in coming to school seeing them with understanding and
financial support also. This are just few of many factors that affects the tardiness of a student.
As a students, we are expected to perform well with excellence in everything that we do, most
especially in the academic aspect. One factor that dictates quality of performance of a student is his/her
punctuality that is getting to school on time or being tardy. Tardiness has already become a habit of
some students nowadays, it can lead to more serious problem affecting their academic learning as well
as in their performance, if a student is not on time everyday, the student cannot perform well in class
discussion. The most critical learning hours of a school day are the morning periods ( Zeiger, 2010),
especially 8:05 to 9:30 ( Cowan, Crier, 2007). These are the times important lesson and subject are at
this time. Tardy students miss part of these lesson or could even miss the whole subject period.
Tardiness really bring negative impact to a student’s school life, especially to our respondents who
are near in finishing their junior high school. If tardiness will be continuous and tolerated, it will cause a
serious problem that can lead the students not to graduate. Tardiness should be avoided to also avoid the
possible bad effects of it especially in terms of academic performance. Students should be responsible in
making a proper time management with discipline.
Students are being late because of some reason that becomes a habit which causes poor
performance at school. Tardiness among students has its own negative repercussions, it is emphasized

6
that lateness or tardiness is not just a problem of a student but also the people around are affected.
( Fuller,2013).
Because of some reason, students are frequently late to class, which negatively affects their
academic performance. It is underlined that tardiness among students has consequences of its own and
affects not only the student but also those in the immediate vicinity.
A tardy person does not mean that it is an irresponsible individual but associate lateness as of being
rude. In some case like attending class not time can show disappointment to the teachers. That is why
other institutions dies not tolerate tardy ones and imposed a rule not to be late. As students, it is
impossible to prevent lateness with the overload homeworks and different things to do.
Therefore, tardiness as student behavior is considered as a problem in education. Epidemic disease
and impact students and lead to delayed curriculum and become a problem among students. We all know
that there are many reasons that causes students to arrive late which can cause to lateness to students in
class. That’s why when a student comes late, it confuses the lecture of the teacher and disturbs the
learning of other students. It confuses the whole class why did he/she came late and distracts the focus to
the discussion.
This research will determine the factors affecting the tardiness of Grade 10 students of Liceo de
San Jose, Inc. often being late in their 7:30 in the morning for AM sessions and 1:00 for some pm
sessions in the afternoon in the noon class. Students can miss quizzes, discussions, and activity sheets
which may led them to getting low grades.
We the researchers has chosen the as our chosen field of interest because it is experienced by most
students with different factors on why it happens. This study will be useful to everyone for they will
know what are the factors of tardiness and therefore how to avoid the certain situations.

B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

There are factors that affects the academic performance of Grade 10 students of Liceo De San Jose,
Inc. students who are frequently tardy have lower GPAs, lower graduation rates. It can widely affect the
academic performance of the students because of the missed classes or instructional hours of learning. It
may cause failed accomplishment in homework, written, exams, and projects. It may become a habit of
some students that may lead them to more serious problems like poor learning process.
This study aims to identify and analyze the factors affecting the academic performance of Grade 10
students of Liceo De San Jose, Inc. high school. It also aims to determine the impacts of being late in
class of Grade 10 students. Specifically, this research ought to answer the following questions.
1. What is the Grade 10 students profile of respondents in terms of:
a. Gender
b. Age
c. Section
2. What are the different factors that affects students’ tardiness?
3. Are the factors presented reasonable of being tardy?
4. Are students aware of their academic performance despite being tardy?

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 C. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study intends to gather information to the factors affecting the tardiness among Grade 10
students of Liceo De San Jose, Inc. the findings of this study will serve as information on how to
manage tardiness and bring knowledge to have a good time management.
The most identified beneficiaries of the study are the following:

SCHOOL ADMINISTRATOR: The findings of this study will give them an idea regarding the way of
the student adopts the tardiness. It assists the school administration in developing and implementing
policies to increase student performance.

TEACHERS: The result of this study provide teachers to manage on how to accept late passing
activities without individually of being pressure to students.
PARENTS: The result of this study provide them to be aware in their children’s situation. They can
consider that their children can answer without being difficulty.

STUDENTS: The result of this study will provide the understanding and awareness to all students
about the factors of tardiness that they encountered.

RESEARCHERS: This is an excellent opportunity and experience to the researchers to have their
time management and also to get a lot of information about tardiness.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS: This study will be a great help to the future researchers as it will provide
the information to make a more advanced and concrete piece of study about this certain topic or
anything that is inclined to this study.

D. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study focuses on Factors Affecting the Tardiness Among Grade 10 students of Liceo De
San Jose, Inc. in 1ny sections of Grade 10, the researchers will choose some students. In each section St.
Sebastian, St. Gregory, St. Joseph, St. Alphonsus, and St. Benedict will have respondents as
representative that will participate in this study. They will answer the questions through room by room
survey about the given topic. The purpose of this research is to give awareness to all students to have a
proper time management, waking up early to prevent tardiness and they will know the factors of
tardiness that will affect their studies.

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CHAPTER 2

THEORITICAL
FRAMEWORK

9
 A. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

Lateness is synonymous to “tardiness” which implies being slow to act or being slow to respond, does
not meet with proper or usual timing. Habitual tardiness can also be learned from other members of the family
especially from the older ones. Film watching can also affect the tardiness of students. (Breeze, et al, 2010)
The most essential learning time of the day for the students lies in the morning, specifically between 8:00-
9:30 am. It is because the students are most mindful and observant at this time of the day. It is also the reason why
the most important lessons and subject matters are discussed during this time. So, when students are late or not
present during this time of the day, they, in effect miss out most of the important lessons to be noted and learned.
[CAESC[2007] and Zeiger[2010].
One of the most recurring and the most “frustrating problem” that the schools are having with their students
nowadays is tardiness. It creates problems, not just to students but also to the teachers “occasionally tardy” isn’t a
big deal, unfailing tardiness is and it gives students problem including being ill-prepared for the job market. The
results of the study of the U.S Department of Education on “truancy” which is related to tardiness, being present
and on time on going to school are big factor on the “success and behavior” of the students.[Zeiger,2010,para1]
Reasons for being late in class and other factors affecting the punctuality if a student vary. There had been
some theories that pointed out tardiness is caused by the personality of a person. Santillano stated that
psychological theorists considered some “personality traits, including low self-esteem and anxiety” as triggering
factors of tardiness.[Santillano,2020,para 2]
She also mentioned that while some theorists considered tardiness as an “inborn quality” since our being
early or late is “partially biologically determined”, which she also agreed. Other experts also believed that some
people are chronologically tardy for the reason that they consciously and unconsciously get good things from it.
(Santillano,2010,para3)
According to Oghuvbu, female students are more likely to be late than male students because of “their
involvement in domestic activities by their parents”. Also cited by Oghuvbu, “distance to school, school
discipline, family background and school” are some of the common causes for the tardiness of the secondary
students.
According to Oghuvbu, female students are more likely to be late than male students. Also, cited by
Oghuvbu, “distance to school, school discipline, family background and school location” are some of the most
common causes of tardiness in middle school.
Another research partly studied about tardiness but tackled a specific reason or factor. A study focused on
the frequency of use by the UP, Cebu. Sometimes, it is not solely the student’s fault why they keep on being late
in coming to class. Another factor that could affect the punctuality of a student is the response of the teachers to
tardy students.( Pimentel and Quijada,2011).
The range of the teacher’s response was “from ignoring them to sending them to office”. This variation
could lead the students to confusion as to how important it is to be on time in going to class. Another reason is the
lack of motivation. Students who come to school on time are not given incentives or rewards. Also, responses to
tardiness are lenient that is nothing is done with the tenth strike or more. Another reason is “giving the student the
impression that they won’t be missing anything if they are late “since in some classes, no important activities or
instructions and no lessons are being done for first few minutes. Lastly, crowded hallways could create traffic,
thus blocking the way of other students and making it hard for them to pass through (Sprick and Daniels, 2007)

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 A study conducted by Barbara Lee Weade on 2004 tried to “determine if school tardiness is a predictor of a
work tardiness”. It provide a lot of literature that observes correlations and factors affecting a students’ tardiness
as cited by Weade, the 3rd most common cause for the failure of a student are “excessive tardiness and unexcused
absences”. ( Ligon and Jackson, 1998)
“Inconsistency of school rules and situations such as crowded halls, limited opportunities for social
interaction, irrelevant course content and teacher indifference” are also factors that affect a student’s attendance
and punctuality as mentioned by Weade, personal values, financial security and lack of parental guidance as well
as family background influences tardiness and absences of students. ( Britt, Payne, et al, 1990)

Local Literature

“Filipino time” is the coined phrase for the embarrassing affliction of tardiness among Filipino’s. It is
curious and mind blogging how the general population of a certain nation could possibly be chronically late. And
yet, it has been tried and tested to be true to this very day. Try having a party with an invitation stating an arrival
time of 5pm and people will start tickling at 6 to 7pm. Filipino time is such a phenomenon that made enough of an
impression ( Mico, 2016).
“Filipino time” is the term created to describe the embarrassing condition of tardiness among Filipinos. It is
intriguing and perplexing to think that the majority of a country could be consistently late. However, it has been
tried and tested, and it continues to hold true today. Try hosting a party with an arrival time of 5p.m. on the
invitation; the fun will begin between 6 and 7p.m. The phenomena known was a Filipino time has left a lasting
mark.
This real situation nowadays proved that first impression last. Only some people are late comers in their job
or school but it is taken as a whole. It is because it is what they see and heard before. But in reality, it is happening
around. Knowing that a certain event will start at that time and just preparing for the last minute scenario. This is
the culture we have grown up. But it’s still us, who will decide if we want the always rushing type of person or
the person that punctual in time.
Today’s actual circumstance is living proof that first impressions matter. Only a small percentage of people
arrive late for work or school, yet it is nevertheless considered overall. It is because it is what they had already
seen and heard. But in reality, it occurs frequently. Knowing when a particular event will begin and only
preparing for last-minute contingencies. This is the culture in which we are raised. However, it is still up to us to
choose whether we want someone who is constantly hurrying or someone who is on time.
Missing just 10 percent of the school year in the early grades causes many students to struggle in primary
school, and lateness in later grades is associated with increased failure and dropout rates. Fortunately, parents can
help prevent tardiness from becoming frequent enough to negatively impact their child’s school life. (National
Initiative Attendance Works, 2015)
In early grades, missing merely 10% of the school year causes many students to struggle in primary school,
and tardiness in later grades is linked to higher failure and dropout rates. Fortunately, parents may play a role in
preventing tardiness from becoming a problem for their children at school.
This is very evident in every school. Absenteeism is never tolerated. As a matter of fact, missing school for
just thrice a month will put you in a home visit list. It’s even harder to catch up the missed lesson. And even
harder to achieve the good grades you have wished for. So, it’s true that tardiness and absenteeism will have an
impact not only for oneself but for his future too.
In every school, this is blatantly obvious. Absences from work are never accepted. In fact, if you miss class
merely three time per month, your name will be put on a list for a house visit. Even more challenging is making

11
up for missed lessons. And it’s extremely harder to get the high grades you want. Therefore, it is true that being
late or absent will affect one’s future as well as themselves.
“Filipino time is the expression used to say it is cultural thing not to be on time and not care”, John Grant
stated on hi blog. But he also mentions other aspect of being a Filipino. One is being hospitable and aspiring yet
being a low class society.cc
John Grant said on his blog that the phrase “Filipino time” refers to the fact that it is culturally unacceptable
to be late and careless, but he also highlights other aspects of being Filipino, such as being friendly and
aspirational despite being living in a low class environment.
“When we labeled our tardiness as Filipino Time, we simply further perpetuate the crippling network effects
of the habit and its negative brand. This is unfair for many Filipinos out there who are punctual, disciplined and
mindful. (Brian Tan, 20 216)
According to Brian Tan, “When we label our tardiness as Filipino time, we simply further perpetuate the
crippling network effects of the habit and its negative brand. As such, the next time you are tardy, don’t blame it
on Filipino Time. It’s time we start admitting our own faults. It’s time we stopped Filipino time from being a
celebrated part of our culture. It was just a simple aspect of our society, but being late is something we choose to
do.

B. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDY

According to Martinez, Javier (2015) in his study he said that Filipino time like the other
norms, is a tool for social control.
To summarize, how they view time is a cultural matter .The Filipino is not the American, or the
Arabian or Argentine. How it affects us is strongly tied to how we see ourselves and as Filipinos, our
perception of time is ours. Through Western eyes, is it inefficient? Yes, but to us it is what works. The
learning that can learned from this is “Filipino Time” has its purpose as a norm and being devlant on an
individual basis will merely ostracize you as part of the group. (Bluedorn, 2002).
According to Fr. Miguel Bernad, who authored an essay about Filipino time in his book “Budhi: A
Journal of Ideas and Culture”, the term “Filipino Time” was first used by Americans to describe
Filipino’s lack of timelinesss in the early 1900s.
Students might even recall that Jose Rizal’s “El Filibusterismo” mentioned tardiness as a typical
occurrence throughout the Spanish colonial era. According to Rizal, being late was more than just a
habit for Filipinos- it was a status symbol. He went so far as to liken the Filipinos’ tardy mentality to a
mule race where the fastest one”wins” and is given opportunity.
Most studies addressing a study by Featherstone, Cundick, and Jensen revealed that middle school
students from intact two parent families tended to have less tardiness and fewer absences than those
from reconstituted or single parent families (Featherstone, Cundick, et al,1992)
A study by Featherstone, Cundick, Jensen found that middle school kids from intact two parent
homes tended to have less tardiness and fewer absences that those from reconstituted or single parent
families.
It appears to be lack of empirical evidence that punishment for tardiness yields any positive results.
(Sims, 2008 and Wilson, 2004)

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 According to Sims 2008 and Wilson 2004, there is no scientific evidence that enforcing tardy
penalties has any beneficial outcomes.
It is generally not helpful to punish tardy students once they get to class because that will probably
just aggravated the situation such punitive approaches have apparently not worked as well as evidenced
by the widespread student tardiness problems that continued. (Bergman, 1978)
It is generally not helpful to discipline tardy students once they arrive at class because doing so will
likely make things worse. This punitive approach has apparently failed as evidenced by pervasive
student tardiness issues that persist in various schools across the United States.
Historically, school tardiness policies have considered of a series of punitive measures such as office
discipline referrals and after-school detention (Newton, 1961). Weiner (2010) found that 90% of head
start survey respondents used varying levels of penalty-oriented interventions to reduce tardiness.
Weiner (2010) found that 90% head start survey respondents used varying levels of penalty-oriented
interventions to reduce tardiness. Historically, school tardiness policies have taken a number of punitive
measures into consideration, such as office discipline referrals and after-school detention (Newton,
1961).
Mckenzie and Schweiter (2001) conducted a prospective study to explore the psychosocial
cognitive and demographic predictors of academic performance of first year Australian university
students.
In a prospective study, Mckenzie and Schweiter (2001) investigated the psychological, cognitive,
and demographic factors that influence first-year Australian university students’ academic success.
Soares, study skills and learning approaches include for example time management using
information resources taking class notes communicating with teachers preparing for and taking
examination and several other learning strategies.
Time management, the use of information resources, taking notes in class, communicating with
teachers, and a number of additional learning techniques are examples of study techniques.
Malik’s (2010) article stated that the class tardiness has been viewed as students coming late not
attending lecture on time missing out initial time from the period and primarily not being present in the
time set Tardiness is the aggravating problem that the schools are having with their students nowadays.
The aggravating issue that schools are currently facing with their students is tardiness, according to
Malik’s (2010) article. According to Malik, tardiness in class has been viewed students arriving late, not
attending lectures on time, missing out on the first part of the period,and primarily not being present in
the time allotted.
In 2015 Abubakare and Jumare cited Ezewu’s quote in his book ‘’Sociology of Education’’ which
emphasized that punctuality is said to be the soul of business, and there can be nothing more
fundamental to the school business than punctuality. Thus punctuality could be seen in two dimensions
that is coming to the school at the right time and closing at the right time.
Punctuality is said to be the soul of business, and there can be nothing more fundamental to the
school business than punctuality. Therefore, punctuality could be seen in two dimensions, which are
arriving at the school at the right time and leaving the school at the right time. This quote was cited by
Abubakare and Jumare in his book ‘’ sociology of Education’’ in 2015.

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 Michael Gottfried (2012) in evaluating the deleterious effects of missing in school time, research
has almost exclusively focused on absences, and almost no attention has been paid to tardiness. Hence,
this study contributes a new dimension to the field by examining the effect of student tardiness on
academic achievement.
This study adds a unique perspective to the area by studying the impact of student tardiness on
academic accomplishment. According to Michael Gottfried (2012), research has virtually entirely
focused on absences and given little attention to tardiness.
Gordon Allport (1990) Personality as a ‘’ patterns of habits, attitudes and traits that determine an
individual characteristics, behavior and traits he further describes personality as the dynamic
organization within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his characteristics
behavior and thoughts.
He further personality as the dynamic organization inside the individual of those psychological
processes that govern his characteristics, behavior, and thoughts. Personality is a pattern of habits,
attitudes, and attributes that shape an individual’s characteristics, behavior, and traits (Gordon Allport
1990).
(The Encyclopedia International 1967) Personality as the end result of the typical ways in which
and person reacts, the product of his motivation, emotions, feeling tones, style of thinking and attitudes,
personality is partly in born and nervous system are largely responsible for the inborn aspects the
associate either through imitation or through hostile reactions when we are thwarted.
A person’s motivation, emotions, feeling tones, manner of thinking, and attitudes all contribute to
his or her personality, which is also somewhat innate. The nerve system is mostly responsible for the
innate traits that the associate either copies or thwarts through hostile.
(Educational Psychology pg.21) Anxiety affect students’ performance anxiety at relatively low to
moderate levels can be destructive and non-adaptive within the classroom setting there are numerous
sources of anxiety for student teachers examination peer relations achievements setting like or dislike of
subjects however there are certain situations in which the students feel particularly anxious last not in
other situations describe the condition called situational anxiety there are other individuals however who
are almost always in a state of anxiety called neurotic of trait anxiety.
There are many sources of anxiety for students, including teachers’ examinations, peer
relationships, and assessments of students’ likes and dislikes of particular subjects. However, there are
some situations in which students feel particularly anxious last and not in other situations, which
describes the condition known as situational anxiety. There are other ways to deal with anxiety that
don’t affect student performance (educational psychology pg.21).

14
 C. THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

Time
Management
Theory
Knause,1985

Factors Affecting
Tardiness Among
Grade 10 Students
of Liceo de San
Jose,Inc.
The Attribution
Psychology
Theory
Laziness
Heider,1920
Theory
Burton,2014

FIGURE 2.1 This figure shows the foundation theories of the study

15
 Time management, William Knause (1995) state that time management is important to everyone, this
would help them to organize, pain, and come early to class. Controlling how much time you spend on
various activities and choosing which activity take priority. Being a student it will require different task.
This theory will help them to balance and understand the importance of time.
The psychology Laziness theory
Psychology laziness Nell burton (2014) state that a person is being lazy if he is able to carry out
some activity that he ought to carry out but is disciplined to do so because of the effort involved. Instead
he carries out the activity perfunctorily; or engages in some other, less strenuous or less boring activity;
or remains idl3. In short, the person is being lazy if his motivation to spare himself effort trumps his
motivation to do the right or expected thing.
Attribution theory
Attribution theory, Fritz Heider (1920) is a theory that attempts to explain interpretive process
by which people make judgements about the cause of their own behavior and th3 behavior of other. This
theory state that in every action of an individual make he or she is the only responsible for that.

D. PARADIGM OF THE STUDY

The paradigm shows the process of the study and how it will be conducted, it is also represents
how the information will be gathered to the researchers to determined and analyze. The insights of the
Grade 10 students that are involved in this study.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

The researchers The researchers The researchers are able

gathered the list of
the respondents.
The researchers
coordinated with the
teachers/advisers to
get the name of the
respondents.
The researchers did
the random sampling
method to determine
the total number of
respondents to be
surveyed.
The researchers
prepared the
questionnaires.
conducted the research
through room by room
survey .
The researchers answered
the questions of the
respondents.
Analyzing the respondents
responses, answers and
opinions.
Compilation of the
responses of the
respondents.
to know the factors
affecting the tardiness.
The researchers are able
to know the factors
affecting the tardiness.
The researchers are able
to know the answer of the
given questions in the
questionnaire.
To comprehend the
causes of Tardiness
academic behavior of
students.

16
tttttttttttttttttttttt
E. HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
FIGURE 2.2 This figure
shows the conceptual
process of the study
Factors Affecting Tardiness of Grade 10 students in Liceo De San Jose, Inc, showed four variables
to be responsible for tardiness: anxiety, social media, online gaming addiction, family issues and
homework. The effect of student’ tardiness on three academic factors, including their assignments,
homework and written tests, have been identified. Project tardiness has an impact on a students’ ability
to complete their assignments and turn them in on time or before the due date.
Due to tardiness, some students are unable to turn in their homework on time, while others steal
their peer’s work by plagiarizing it. Written exams because of their inability to take notes during class,
the students had to rely on their classmates to provide them with the notes they needed to study for the
exams. There have been several hypothesis that assert that’s a person’s personality is what causes
tardiness. According to Santillano (2010), psychological theorists have hypothesized that some
“personality characteristics”, such as low self-esteem and anxiety serves a triggers for tardiness.

3.F ASSUMPTION OF THE STUDY

This study made the assumption that, as a result of the data gathered throughout the study, we will
be expected to perform well and with excellence in everything we do, to enforce the unexcused absence
policy and build future intervention strategies.

G. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Absences- a failure to be present at a usual or expected place.

Aggravating- making a problem or offense worse or more serious.
Blatantly- in an open and unashamed manner.
Conducted- led by a guide.
Correlation- a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things.
Factors- a circumstance, fact or influence that contributes to a result or outcome.
Filipino Time- is the expression used to say it is cultural thing not to be on time.
Frequency- the fact or condition of occurring.

17
Grade 10 students- the respondents of the study
Intriguing- engaging the interest to marked degree.
Liceo De San Jose- the school where the respondents study and is the location of the research.
Punctuality- the fact or quality of being on time.
Self-esteem- a confidence and satisfaction in oneself.
Tardiness- the habit of being late or delaying arrival. Being late as a form of a misconduct may be
formally punishable in various arrangements such as workplace or school. An opposite of punctuality.
Theory- a belief or policy or procedure proposed or followed as the basis of action.

18
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

19
 A. RESEARCH DESIGN

This study uses a common type of quantitative research called correlational design. Wherein each
of the Grade 10 students respondent were given a questionnaire-surveying was the method used in the
research study moreover the survey was to draw together the data and information concerned to the
topic.
The proposed questionnaire was designed to answer the presented question as primary goal of the
study. The first part is the student profile of the respondents. The second part is the Factors Affecting
Tardiness of the students. Fourth bears on how could the students handle this factor effectively to
perform much better in which turn leads to less factor. Lastly the ways that will solve the problem of the
students in their factors affecting tardiness.
1. Through the profile of the Grade 10 students the possible relations of data regards of the factors
affecting tardiness that being recognized.
2. Survey instrument draft was built and tried as to the section of the respondents with an input of
the specific questions in the study.
3. After the evaluation of the questions in the statement of the problem the researchers has proceed
the formulation of the question and lastly.
4. Verification of the formulated questions of the accuracy and validity,

B. RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents utilize the most effective ways of room by room surveys to those chosen
respondents through random sampling and by using Calmorin’s formula, considering the factors of
tardiness that we experience. The survey questionnaire was made of 10 questions. The survey that was
made based on the information that we gathered in this study.

CALMORIN’S FORMULA:
Ss =NV + ¿¿

Wherein:
Ss = sample size

20
N= population size
V= standard value (2.58) of 1% level of probability with 0.99 reliability
Se = sampling error

P= the largest possible proportion

Solution of the sample population of the respondents

CALMORIN’S FORMULA:
Ss =( 242 ) (2.58)+ ¿ ¿

Ss =( 242 ) (2.58)+ ¿ ¿

( 242 ) (2.58)+ [( 0.001)× ( 0. 5 ) ]

Ss =
(242)( 0.01)+ [ (6.6564 ×0. 25) ]

( 242 ) ( 2.58 ) +0.00005

Ss =
( 242 )( 0.01 ) +1.6641
624.36
Ss =
4.0841
Ss =152.8758

Ss =152 the total sample population of the respondents

C. INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY

The research instrument that the researchers used in the study is the coding type, in which their
questionnaire is obtained through brainstorming about the questionnaire is obtained through
brainstorming about the chosen topic. First, we answered all the possible questions by rating scale and
essay, the data in the answered questionnaires were gathered and included in the study’s content.

SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. Improper time management

o 5
o 4
o 3

21
 o 2
o 1
2. Availability of transportation
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
3. Too much using of gadgets
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
4. Sleeping late
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
5. Engagement in too many house chores
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
6. Lack of motivation for school
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
7. Living far from school
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
8. Bad weather
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
9. How these causes affects you?

22
 D. VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY

A test criterion validity also known as criterion-related validity, assesses how well it captures the
outcome it was intended to measure. A sickness, a behavior or performance can all be outcomes. While
predictive validity assesses tests and criterion variables in the future, concurrent validity assesses them
in the present. This research aims to know how tardiness affect the performance of Grade 10 whether in
school or a home and the results of its affects. Examining a tests content validity determines whether it is
representative of the construct in its whole. A test, survey, measuring methods content must include all
pertinent aspects of the thing it seeks to measure in order to yield reliable findings. The total numbers of
respondents was included with the responses they answered from the questionnaires sent by room
survey.
To get the reliability index of the study, the researcher utilizes the following formula:
Frequency and Percentage Distribution
A frequency and percentage distribution is a display of data that specifies the percentage of
observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points.
Formula:
F
P= × 100
N

Where:
P= percentage
F= frequency
N= number of respondents

E. STATISTICAL TREATMENT

The procedures were undertaken by the researchers which made the conduct of the study orderly
and systematically.
The researcher sought permission from the respondents for the research to be conducted. The
researchers send the questionnaire through room by room survey, their answers and opinion will be used
in interpretation of data that will be use during defense. The researchers used a formula which:

CALMORIN’S FORMULA:

23
 Ss =NV + ¿¿

Wherein:
ss = sample size

N= population size
V= standard value (2.58) of 1% level of probability with 0.99 reliability
S = sampling error
P= the largest possible proportion

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

A frequency and percentage distribution is a display of data that specifies the percentage of observations
that exist for each data point or grouping of data points.
Formula:
F
P= × 100
N

Where:
P= percentage
F= frequency
N= number of respondents

24
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS
AND INTERPRETATION OF
DATA

25
 A. PRESENTATION OF DATA

TABLE 4. 1: This Table shows the Frequency distribution of the ages of the respondents

AGE FREQUENCY RANK

14 years old 11 4
15 years old 95 1
16 years old 43 2
17 years old 13 3
18 years old 10 5
TOTAL 152

INTERPRETATION
This table shows that a lot of students with the age of 15 years old affects tardiness in their
academic performance, and few or some with the age of 14, 16, 17 and 18 years old.

TABLE 4. 2: This table shows the Gender distribution of the respondents.

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Male 93 61.2%
Female 59 38.8%
TOTAL 152 100%

INTERPRETATION
Out of 152 respondents, 93 of them are male which is equivalent to 61.2% who affects tardiness in their
academic performance while 59 of them are female which is equivalent to 38.8%.

26
 GRAPH 4.1 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question Number 1
about improper time management.

15% 14%

2
15%
18% 1

16%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents 18% of the respondents rated 4 as they experience
improper time management as the cause of their tardiness in school,16% of the respondents rated 3 as
improper time management can’t totally affect their academic performance, and 15%,14%is the rest who
answered improper time management as the cause of their tardiness.

27
 GRAPH 4.2 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question Number 2
about availability of transportation.

26% 29%

4
36% 30%
3

65%

INTERPRETATION:
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 65% of the respondents rated 3 as they experience that the
availability of transportation affects their tardiness in school. 36% of the respondents rated 2 as
availability of transportation can’t totally affect their academic performance.30%, 29%, 26%, is the rest
who answered availability of transportation as the cause of their tardiness.

28
 GRAPH 4.3 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question Number 3
about too much using of gadgets.

30%

47%

36% 3

29% 1

44%

INTERPRETATION:
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 44% of the respondents rated 3 as they experience that the
too much usage of gadgets affects their tardiness in school. 47% of the respondents rated 5 as too much
of using gadgets can’t totally affect their academic performance.36%, 30%, 29%, is the rest who
answered as the cause of their tardiness

29
 GRAPH 4.4 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 4 about sleeping late.

40 40
% %

26 2
%
36
% 1

47%

INTERPRETATION

This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 44% of the respondents rated 3 as they
experience that the too much usage of gadgets affects their tardiness in school. 47% of the
respondents rated 5 as too much of using gadgets can’t totally affect their academic
performance.36%, 30%, 29%, is the rest who answered as the cause of their tardiness.

30
 GRAPH 4.5 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 5 about sickness/illness.

15% 14%

2
15%
18%
1

16%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 46% of the respondents rated 3 as they
experience that the engagement in too many house chores affects their tardiness in school.
44% of the respondents rated 2 as the engagement in too many house chores can’t totally
affect their academic performance.40%, 27%, 15%, is the rest who answered that the
engagement in too many house chores is the cause of their tardiness.

31
 GRAPH 4.6 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 6 about engagement in too many house chores.

29%
40%

3
44%
27% 2

46%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 47% of the respondents rated 4 as they experience
that the affects their tardiness in school. 44% of the respondents rated 2 as the engagement in too
many house chores can’t totally affect their academic performance.40%, 27%, 15%, is the rest
who answered that the engagement in too many house chores is the cause of their tardiness.

32
 GRAPH 4.7 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 7 about lack of motivation for school.

38% 36%

36%
2
41%
1

36%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 41% of the respondents rated 2 as they experience
that the lack of motivation for school affects their tardiness in school. 36% of the respondents
rated 3 as well as 4 as the lack of motivation for school totally affect their academic performance
and 15%, is the rest who answered that the engagement in too many house chores is the cause of
their tardiness.

33
 GRAPH 4.8 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 8 about living far from school.

29%
35%

35% 47% 2

38%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 47% of the respondents rated 4 as they experience
that living far from school affects their tardiness in school. 38% of the respondents rated 3 as
living far from school can’t totally affect their academic performance and 35%, 29%, 15%, is the
rest who answered that living far from school can cause their tardiness.

34
 GRAPH 4.9 This graph shows the percentage of answers of the respondents in Question
Number 9 about bad weather.

26%
40%

32%
4

1
50%

38%

INTERPRETATION
This chart shows that out of 152 respondents, 50% of the respondents rated 2 as they
experience that the bad weather affects their tardiness in school. 38% of the respondents rated
2 as the bad weather can’t totally affect their academic performance.32%, 26%, 15%, is the
rest who answered that the bad weather is the cause of their tardiness.

35
QUESTION 10. How these causes affects you?
All these causes really affects my performance at school specifically in academic and in my
health. For instance, spending too much time in gadgets, it’s not only harmful to my health
but it also affects my studies for the reason, I feel so sleepy when my teacher discuss.
Another one is, the improper balancing of my time that as a student I should know how to
balance my time because all said “time is precious” it is really important that I have time to
study and use gadgets so my studies and even my health will not be affected.

36
 C. DISCUSSION

In order to investigate the factors affecting tardiness among Grade 10 students of Liceo
De San Jose, Inc. in this survey 14% of the respondents rated 5 to improper time management as
the reason of their tardiness. 29% of the respondents rated 5 to availability of transportation as
the reason of their tardiness. 47% of the respondents rated 5 to too much using of gadgets as the
reason to their tardiness. 40% of the respondents rated 5 to sleeping late as the reason of their
tardiness. 14% of the respondents rated 5 to sickness/ illness as the reason of their tardiness. 40%
of the respondents rated 5 to engagement in too many house chores as the reason to their
tardiness. 36% of the respondents rated 5 to lack of motivation for school as the reason to their
tardiness. 29% of the respondents rated 5 to living far from school as the reason of their
tardiness. 26% of the respondents rated 5 to bad weather as the reason of their tardiness. Out of
152 respondents the male is equivalent to 61.2% and the female is equivalent to 38.8% that most
of Grade 10 students as the reason of their tardiness is too much using of gadgets.
The different factors that affects the students’ tardiness are, too much using of gadgets,
bad weather, and living far from school. The factors presented by the respondents during survey
are reasonable. They stated that their answer in a most valid and understandable way. They are
aware that their academic performance are low because of being tardy, they answer that too
much using of gadgets are one of the reason in being tardy.

37
CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY
CONCLUSION
AND
RECOMMENDATION

38
 A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

This research entitled, Factors Affecting Tardiness among Grade 10 students, in which it
focuses on how tardiness affects the behavior of Grade 10 Student. The purpose of this research
is to collect accurate information with regards to the impacts of tardiness on how a students
perform academically. Also, it provide awareness as to what could be the cause of tardiness that
affects the behavior of Grade 10 Students. This study is conducted through the use of
questionnaires or through room by room surveys, wherein the data and information gathered
provides conceivable solutions toward this studied matter through recommendations. This study
is quantitative type of research. The descriptive design is used in describing, characterizing,
improving a depiction of the research subjects and respondents.
PRINCIPAL CATHERINE A. MCDONALD (2009)
In order to defeat tardiness, she and her staff initiated a campaign called ‘’zero tardiness
campaign’’. The context of this campaign is the attendance policy along with activities held in
the early morning to make the students attend earlier. However, these activities is not enough to
definitely defeat tardiness. Efforts and correct measures will still needed in order to solve this
concern.
MORENO AND GAYTAN (2013)
Moreno and Gaytan (2013) emphasized a parent’s role can be a cause of a student’s
tardiness. Parents should ensure that their children is early in class. According to a findings
reported, 241% Hispanic ELLS and Native American Students were most likely to miss three or
more days of school, 23% by black students and 8.8% non – ELL Students.
BATAINED (2004)
Batained emphasizes that tardiness can be caused by economic influence like poverty, single-
parents homes, or high mobility rates. These economic influences may result to fatigue,
emotional challenges, lack of routine; and illness. These results can cause lateness to student. He
also emphasized that physical distance can be a cause of tardiness.
REID (2000)
When students are late, they disturb the learning environment and detract from other
students’ addition to missing out on important educational teaching. A student’s future is
negatively impacted by persistent tardiness in class.
The significant findings of this study obtained from the results of the distributed survey
questions are as follows:
1. The majority of the respondents were on the ages 14-15-16-17-18 whereas;
In respondents were on the age of 14,75 respondents were on the age of 15, 43 respondents were
on the age of 16, 13 respondents on the age of 17 and 1o respondents were on the age of 18, it
shows 59 female and 93 females with a total of 152 respondents.
2. Most of the respondents answered too much using gadgets, this factor affects their
academic performance because they don’t have proper time management, they spent a lot

39
 of time that cause tardiness in their academic performance, they rousing late and they sit
on the back because of tardiness. And most of the students answer living far
from school, it affects their academic in terms of not having an own vehicle.
3. The majority answered sleeping late. They are the students who experiencing this kind of
problems that affects their academic, they spent too much time playing online games.
Some of the students have family problem or either they have mental breakdown that
cause them to sleep late.
4. Most of the respondents answered rate 3, they are the students who experience the factors
of tardiness such as: improper time management, too much using gadgets, sleeping late
and engagement in too many house chores. It is one of the reasons why had experience
tardiness however these causes affects too much of their studies, late in discussion, lower
scores in exams and always sitting on the back.
a. Most of the respondents answered in essay type these causes may affects my
performance at school especially in my vocabulary learning skill.
CHAPTER 1: This chapter is composed of introduction and its background of the study,
statement of the problem, scope and delimitation and significance of the study. Introduction of
this study wherein the main topic is tardiness and it is described. The researchers explained the
factors of tardiness. In statement of the problem, the researchers stated the problems that affects
the academic performance of Grade 10 students of Liceo de San Jose. In scope and delimitation,
the subject of the study is presented. It also shows the boundaries of the study to be conducted.
And in the significance of the study, will always as information on how to manage tardiness and
bring knowable to have a good time management. The researchers stated the beneficiaries and
the benefits of the study. This chapter shows the main problem of tardiness, it shows the possible
solutions that can cope tardiness.
CHAPTER 2: The second chapter is all about Review of related literature, Review of related
study, paradigm, theoretical, hypothesis, assumption and definition, first, a Review of related
literature is important for obtaining an overview of current knowledge on the topic. Also we
provide detailed explanation of previous researchers that has been conducted in our topic. We
have 10 locals and 10 internationals that we acquired. In Review of related literature we gain
understanding of the existing research to a particular topic about tardiness. Review of related
study it reviews as much of the studies possible around particular research problem about
tardiness. It is meant to set your research in the context of what is currently known about
tardiness and to establish that what you have to offer. Something different from what has been
already attempted. The purpose that it will provide context to the information discussed
throughout the research paper. In Paradigm of the study it approach model or pattern to conduct
research. Paradigm are important because we perceive reality about tardiness and how the
researchers conduct a survey and also the students on how they can answer the question. In
Theoritical Framework it is all about the structure that can hold or support theory of a research
study. We introduce and describe the theory about tardiness that explain why the research
problem under study exist. Psychology laziness Nell Burton (2014) state that a person is being
lazy was able to carry out some activity that they ought to carry out. That’s why theoretical
framework include the thoughts, beliefs or understanding within which theories and practices
operate. In Hypothesis of the study is the part of the research that shows the variables of te
research problem being studied. This research entitled “Factors Affecting Among Grade 10
Students of Liceo de Sa Jose, Inc.” wherein the researcher sight four variables namely: anxiety,
social media, online gaming addiction, family issue and homework. In Assumption of the study,

40
this part of the research is where the researcher is where the researcher assumes the possible
outcome of the study to be conducted survey where the researcher assumes that by conducting
this study they can identify the possible causes of tardiness. In Definition of Terms, it is where
the researchers gave definitions to the unfamiliar words/phrase found in the research.
CHAPTER 3: This chapter is composed Research Design, Respondents of the Study, Instrument
of the Study, Validity and Reliability and Statistical Treatment. In Research Design, the
researcher described the utilized design of this study which is the Correlation Design wherein the
respondents were given a questionnaire-surveying was used in the research study. In
Respondents of the Study, the researchers stated how they chosen the respondents by utilizing
Calmorin’s formula and presented how they solved it. They also stated that they chose the
respondents by simple random sampling. In Instrument of the Study, the researcher stated the
type of questionnaire they utilized which is the Coding type questionnaire and presented their
sample survey form. In Validity and Reliability, the researchers stated the threats and the
formulas used in the study. And lastly, in Statistical Treatment, the researchers stated the
procedures undertaken by the researchers and the formulas which are Calmorin’s formula and
Frequency and Percentage Distribution.
CHAPTER 4: We used the graph to visually illustrate the results of our study. The purpose of the
graph is to present data that are too numerous or complicated to be described adequately in the
text and in less space. The presentation of the data, is the illustration of the ages and gender of
our respondents. In the tables, it is illustrated how tardiness impacts students’ academic
performance more frequently among those who are 15 years old than among those who are
14,16,17 and 18 years old, there is also an illustration that concludes that out of 152
respondents,93 are male (61.2% of them), which is similar to a male prevalence of tardiness,
while 59 are female (38.8%), which is equivalent to a female prevalence of tardiness. The graph
shows the frequency of the rating of every respondents of the reasons of their tardiness. In the
graph we see how badly those reasons affect their studies. In the discussion, it summarizes the
interpretation of each graph.
CHAPTER 5: This study shows the summary of findings, it shows the overall findings in this
study with the topic of factors affecting tardiness among Grade 10 students of Liceo de san Jose,
Inc. It provides the knowledge and awareness to all students that totally affect their academic
performance that caused by tardiness, they have an information on now to prevent in being tardy.
According to Catherine Mcdonald efforts and correct measures will still needed in order to solve
this concern Moreno and Gaytan, Batained (2004),Reid (2000) they stated that being tardy can
totally affect your performance in school, it might lead you to take another classes because you
miss the classes that you need to. In finding during our survey our respondent is Grade 10
students their ages 14-18 years old, they conducted that too much using gadgets, living far from
school are one of the most reasons why they encounter tardiness. As a researchers we have
recommendations that can help them to prevent tardiness which is self-discipline, sleeping early
and setting goals, it such a great help for them to have a proper time management and to dream
high. In summary it is the most crucial details on a treatments most significant outcomes,
including the best effect estimate and the degree of certainty of the evidence supporting each
outcome, are presented in a summary of findings table. Conclusion the research papers
conclusion is the section where everything is logically tied together. A conclusion which comes
at the end of a research paper, 0ffers a clear interpretation of the findings in a way that
emphasizes the importance of the study. Recommendations is a suggestion for an action that
should be taken in light of the findings. Improvements to the technique or study approach.

41
 C. CONCLUSION

The study demonstrate a correlation between the students and his academic
performance behavior which provide an explanation on how we the researchers address
and find a solutions that would effectively minimize and eliminate tardiness among
Grade 10 students of Liceo de san Jose, Inc. According to these studies ,the tardiness of
students consumes his/her learning time as well as disturbs other students and teachers.
So, it is signified that the phenomenon of tardiness should be given greater consideration
as a factor impacting both cognitive and non-cognitive development. Moreover, we the
researchers will work on informing the school their responsibility for students who
demonstrates tardiness.

Tardy means to be late, not on time and it is a common behavior especially in

students. In school tardiness is defined by arriving after the first bell of the day or the bell
indicating the start of class. The students’ academic performance may be significantly
impacted by missing courses or learning hours. It could results in failed projects, written
exams, and homework assignments. Some pupils might develop the habit which could
cause more serious issues like poor learning processes. The best approach to tardiness is
the use of logical consequences. These are reasonable outcomes of action because they
provide the quickest resolution to the issues. They reprimand a student actions rather than
mirroring them.

1. The researchers concluded that according to the respondents, the cause of their tardiness
is by using too much gadgets. It is very common nowadays since we are on modern day.
2. The researchers concluded that tardiness affect the academic performance and well-being
of a student since it gives a negative impact on them.
3. The different factors that affects students’ tardiness are too much using gadgets, bad
weather and living far from school.
4. Yes, the factors presented by the respondents during the survey are reasonable. They
stated their answer in a most valid and understandable way.
5. Yes, they are aware that their academic performance are low because of being tardy, they
answer that too much using gadgets are one of the reason in being tardy.

D. RECOMMENDATIONS

42
 SELF-DISCIPLINE. Means self- control which is a sign of inner strength and control of
yourself , your actions, and your reactions, self-discipline, gives you the power to stick your
decision and follow the through, without changing your mind, therefore one of the important
requirement for achieving goals.
SLEEPING EARLY, after doing home works and activities, sleeping early helps you to
have a good sleep, you can prevent in being tardy if you always sleeping early you have an
energy to wake up early because you have enough sleep.
SETTING GOALS, in all your doings, priority your study, avoid being late, because
being late can affects your academic performance. Set goals, have time management and aim
high.

43
 E. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, praises and thanks to God the almighty for his shower blessing throughout
this term paper project.

 To our beloved teacher Ms. Catrine Joy B. Macuha for guiding and helping us to finish
this research and deepen our knowledge in still values and develop our skills and
potential.
 To the researchers for extending their time and effort to make his research a successful.
 To our families for moral support and financial.
 To our respondents for their cooperation and participation in the survey which supported
in getting answers and results that mattered most in the study.

44
APPENDICES

45
 APPENDIX A (SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE)
‘’FACTORS AFFECTING TARDINESS AMONG GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF LICEO
DE SAN JOSE, INC.’’

1. Improper time management

o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
2. Availability of transportation
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
3. Too much using of gadgets
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
4. Sleeping late
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
5. Sickness/illness
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
6. Engagement in too many house chores
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
7. Lack of motivation for school
o 5

46
 o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
8. Living far from school
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
9. Bad weather
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
10. How these causes affects you?

47
 APPENDIX B (SAMPLE FILLED IN CLOSE ENDED QUESTIONS)
‘’FACTORS AFFECTING TARDINESS AMONG GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF LICEO
DE SAN JOSE, INC.’’
1. Time management
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
2. Availability of transportation
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1

3. Too much using of gadgets

o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
4. Sleeping late
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
5. Sickness/illness
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
6. Engagement in too many house chores
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1

7. Lack of motivation for school

o 5

48
 o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
8. Living far from school
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
9. Bad weather
o 5
o 4
o 3
o 2
o 1
10. All these causes really affects my performance at school specifically in academic and in
my health. For instance, spending too much time in gadgets, it’s not only harmful to my
health but it also affects my studies for the reason, I feel so sleepy when my teacher
discuss. Another one is, the improper balancing that as a student I should know how to
balance my time because all said ‘’time is precious” it is really important that I have to
study and use gadgets so my studies and even my health will not be affected.

49
 REFERENCES
Chapter 1
https://www.scribd.com/subscribe-now?
utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=google_search&utm_campaign=3Q_Google_Search_Beta_Bra
nd_RoW_Other&utm_term=scribd&utm_device=m&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIw4vLkcec_AIVF3
mLCh000wtEEAAYASAAEgL66PD_BwE (p.7)
https://www.scribd.com/search?query=tardiness (p. 9)
https://www.scribd.com/document/421522731/Research-Paper-About-Tardiness (p. 8)
.https://www.google.com/search?q=tardiness+of+students&client=ms-android-
vivo&ei=n1asY62AI-TL2roPmNeW-
AI&oq=tardiness+&gs_lcp=ChNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwEAEYADIECAAQQzIICAAQ
gAQQsQMyBQgAEJECMgUIABCRAjIFCAAQkQIyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCRAjIFCAAQgAQ
6CggAEEcQ1gQQsAM6AggpOgoIKRBHENYEELADOgUIKRCABDoLCCkQsQMQgwEQk
QI6CggpEIAEELEDEAo6BQgpEKABOgUIKRCRAjoHCCkQoAEQCjoOCAAQjwEQ6gIQjA
MQ5QI6CggAELEDEIMBEEM6DQguELEDEMcBENEDEEM6BwgAELEDEENKBAhBGA
BQpHJYvpYBYJK3AWgDcAB4AIABogKIAZgPkgEFMC45LjKYAQCgAQGwAR7IAQjAA
QE&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp (p. 6)

Chapter 2

https://www.google.com/search?q=tardiness+of+students&client=ms-android-
vivo&ei=n1asY62AI-TL2roPmNeW-
AI&oq=tardiness+&gs_lcp=ChNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwEAEYADIECAAQQzIICAAQ
gAQQsQMyBQgAEJECMgUIABCRAjIFCAAQkQIyBQgAEIAEMgUIABCRAjIFCAAQgAQ
6CggAEEcQ1gQQsAM6AggpOgoIKRBHENYEELADOgUIKRCABDoLCCkQsQMQgwEQk
QI6CggpEIAEELEDEAo6BQgpEKABOgUIKRCRAjoHCCkQoAEQCjoOCAAQjwEQ6gIQjA
MQ5QI6CggAELEDEIMBEEM6DQguELEDEMcBENEDEEM6BwgAELEDEENKBAhBGA
BQpHJYvpYBYJK3AWgDcAB4AIABogKIAZgPkgEFMC45LjKYAQCgAQGwAR7IAQjAA
QE&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#sbfbu=1&pi=tardiness%20of%20students (p.11-12)
https://www.google.com/search?
q=rrs+for+tardiness+of+students&oq=&aqs=chrome.0.69i59i450l15.-1j1j1&client=ms-android-
vivo&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8#sbfbu=1&pi=rrs%20for%20tardiness%20of
%20students (p. 17)
https://www.google.com/search?
q=rrs+for+tardiness+of+students&oq=&aqs=chrome.0.69i59i450l15.-1j1j1&client=ms-android-
vivo&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8 (p. 12)

50
https://www.scribd.com/document/448914624/Tardiness-123 (p.19)
https://www.coursehero.com/file/54511800/Effects-of-tardiness-in-the-academic-achievements-of-the-
student-RRLdocx/ (p.12)
https://www.academia.edu/31599421/Chapter_II_Review_of_Related_Literature_and_Studies (p.15-19)

Chapter 3

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/ateneo-de-manila-university/financial-accounting-1/
tardiness-and-the-academic-performance-of/12420800 (p.23)
https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1372 (p.27-28)
https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1364 (p.19-20)
Https: //ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1364 (p.19-20)
https://www.google.com/search?q=validity+and+reliability+in+tardiness+pdf&client=ms-android-
vivo&ei=ZJypY626MP6Z4-
EPyNiPiAk&oq=validity+and+reliability+in+tardiness+&gs_lcp=ChNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwE
AEYADIFCCEQoAEyBQghEKABMgUIIRCgATIFCCEQoAE6CggAEEcQ1gQQsAM6BwgAELADEE
M6CggpEEcQ1gQQsAM6AggpOgUIABCABDoICCEQFhAeEB06BggAEBYQHjoFCAAQhgM6Bwgh
EKABEApKBAhBGABQuxZYzlRgq15oBHAAeAGAAbIEiAGrG5IBDDIuMTEuMi4yLjAuMZgBAK
ABAcgBCMABAQ&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#ip=1 (p.22-24)
https://www.google.com/search?q=validity+and+reliability+in+tardiness+pdf&client=ms-android-
vivo&ei=ZJypY626MP6Z4-
EPyNiPiAk&oq=validity+and+reliability+in+tardiness+&gs_lcp=ChNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwE
AEYADIFCCEQoAEyBQghEKABMgUIIRCgATIFCCEQoAE6CggAEEcQ1gQQsAM6BwgAELADEE
M6CggpEEcQ1gQQsAM6AggpOgUIABCABDoICCEQFhAeEB06BggAEBYQHjoFCAAQhgM6Bwgh
EKABEApKBAhBGABQuxZYzlRgq15oBHAAeAGAAbI (p. 22-24)

https://www.google.com/search?
q=validity+and+reliability+in+research&oq=validity+a&aqs=chrome.2.69i57j0i433i512j0i512l7
.9431j1j4&client=ms-android-vivo&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8 (p.20)

Chapter 4

https://www.grossarchive.com/explore/project/308490/student-tardiness-and-its-effects-to-the-students-
academic-performance (p.29)
https://successfulteaching.wordpress.com/2019/09/25/college-students-tardy-to-class/ (p.35)
http://legis.la.gov/Legis/law.aspx?d=80325 (p.32)

51
 Chapter 5

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
321710148_The_Causes_of_Late_Coming_among_High_School_Students_in_Soshanguve_Pretoria_Sou
th_Africa (p.52)
https://www.teachermagazine.com/au_en/articles/the-effect-of-student-tardiness-on-learning (p.56-57)
https://www.google.com/search?q=rrs+for+tardiness+of+students&oq=&aqs=chrome.1.69i59i450l15.-
1j0j7&client=ms-android-vivo&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8 (p.64)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042815047771/pdf?
crasolve=1&r=77fa0cd96979bc3f&ts=1672060158962&rtype=https&vrr=UKN&redir=UKN&redir_fr=
UKN&redir_arc=UKN&vhash=UKN&host=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaW
VuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&iv=0acc2ae521641a5ff0c57255d688050d&token=36366361643262386366633
8356537343664373461353366333130386130653132356530653939346634333133333364666261353230
66356430656638616564333866663a663536356663663366613736376362313365303262343539&text=c
90a4c30987d9c80944b862c39adfdc615cbef5cc3f08f6304a9ce84c31cf7e526457310370e281a77
6652b8f428559942a4c11a4c2b9943f4af03ee3097d65e69873aa01de4687b2eb04ee3a1f10a4e107
0c9bbedc13b8fdfdfe7f560414a712977afb0881c6f639e17c57a8b9f769c7a768358e1c805b3fa61f
206a74ac89cef347f86cc41c400ca950f662e2c476abe0d040ce527229ac26879285432ae624caf68
b903492aec6a928835b66d46a99a8b9c5d78d71512e7bbf374729050429c545a6f1635dabad68eb0
0bce054b550510fda52770b553fdd37280b631ac7eda97037cb3b692005b11125d2bb829986494c
ac452de7b37aa87436472a894f7482a02e4f1589871ae700db4654977d04bb432e5060840f02cf54
c12e3a60e3be1798db5c21514420fc9b8eaec7005c5&original=3f6d64353d653234663130643564
3730323564383339326537633462333530663033316331267069643d312d73322e302d53313837
373034323831353034373737312d6d61696e2e706466EiAGrG5IBDDIuMTEuMi4yLjAuMZgB
AKABAcgBCMABAQ&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp (p.67)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042815047771/pdf?
md5=e24f10d5d7025d8392e7c4b350f031c1&pid=1-s2.0-S1877042815047771-main.pdf (p.59)
https://www.academia.edu/19345599/tardiness&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp (p.47)

52
PROFILE

53
 NAME: Johncel B. Aganan
ADDRESS: Tinaclipan, Milagros, Masbate
AGE:18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Cesar S. Aganan
OCCUPATION: Construction Worker
NAME OF MOTHER: Geraldine B. Aganan
OCCUPATION: Housewife

NAME: Maria Irish C. Almero

ADDRESS: Purok Mahogany, Matanglad, Milagros, Masbate
Age: 18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Orville D. Almero
OCCUPATION: Farmer
NAME OF MOTHER: Gloria I. Chavez
OCCUPATION: Housewife

54
 NAME: Debie Shane Dorongon
ADDRESS: Pob. East, Milagros, Masbate
AGE:18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Ramon Dorongon
OCCUPATION: Teacher
NAME OF MOTHER: Deborah Guerrero
OCCUPATION: Housewife
Occupation: Housewife

NAME: Arzhel Jhon C. Eleuterio

ADDRESS: Sitio Banacod, Brgy. Calasuche, Milagros, Masbate
AGE:17 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Arman C. Eleuterio
OCCUPATION: Driver
NAME OF MOTHER: Amor B. Cortes
Occupation: Housewife

55
 NAME: Cherry Ann D. Labastida
ADDRESS: Sitio Capaclan, Magsalangi, Milagros, Masbate
AGE:18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Ramon I. Labastida
OCCUPATION: Farmer
NAME OF MOTHER: Helen A. Dalinog
OCCUPATION: Housewife

NAME: Nicole E. Labastida

ADDRESS: Sitio Capaclan, Magsalangi, Milagros, Masbate
AGE:17 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Ronie I. Labastida
OCCUPATION: Fisherman
NAME OF MOTHER: Norilyn V. Espinas
OCCUPATION: Housewife

56
 NAME: Angela Espinas Manlapaz
ADDRESS: Purok Pag-asa, Pob. East, Milagros, Masbate
Age:18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Renante A. Manlapaz
OCCUPATION: Fisherman
NAME OF MOTHER: Ligaya A. Espinas
OCCUPATIION: Housewife

NAME: Raiza Mae R. Oreta

ADDRESS: Tawad, Milagros,masbate
AGE:18 years old
NAME OF FATHER: Dante C. Oreta
OCCUPATION: Farmer
NAME OF MOTHER: Elena A. Ragas
OCCUPATION: Housewife

57
DOCUMENTATION

58
BEFORE:

September 03, 2022 Pob. East, Milagros, Masbate

We held a meeting at Debie’s place, where we discussed and designated the different
parts of the research. We came up with our questionnares and we also discussed how we would
survey our respondents.

DURING TITLE DEFENSE :

November 12, 2022, Liceo de San Jose, Inc(Annex Campus)

This is our documentation during the title defense. We proposed our problem, “ The Effects of
Tardiness to the Academic Performance of Grade 10 Studnets in Liceo de San Jose, Inc” where
the panelist suggested that we should change our title to “ Factors Affecting Tardiness Among
Grade 10 Students in Liceo de San Jose, Inc.”

59
DURING THE SURVEY:

October 24, 2022, Liceo de San Jose, Inc. (Annex Campus)

We conducted a survey to our chosen Grade 10 students respondents.

60
AFTER:

January 06, 2023, Liceo de San Jose, Inc. ( Annex Campus)

We showed the soft copy of our research where Ma’am Catrine Joy Macuha checked our
output and suggested to put the documentation of our meetings.

61