Cambridge IGCSE™ Mathematics Core and Extended

Student Book answers

All answers were written by the authors. In examination, the way marks would be awarded to answers like these may be
different.

15 Sequences

Exercise 15.1 page 155

1  a  u2 = 7, u3 = 12, u4 = 17 arithmetic
b u2 = 1, u3 = –2, u4 = –5 arithmetic
c u1 = 10, u2 = 6, u4 = –2 arithmetic
1
d u1 = , u3 = –1, u4 = –3 non-arithmetic
2
e u2 = 4, u3 = 5, u4 = 5.5 non-arithmetic
f  u1 = 46, u2 = 22, u4 = 4 non-arithmetic
2  a  i +3, each term is 3 more than the term before
ii un + 1 = un + 3
iii 3n + 2
iv 32
b  i +4, each term is 4 more than the term before
ii un + 1 = un + 4
iii 4n – 4
iv 36
c  i +1, each term is 1 more than the term before
ii un + 1 = un + 1
iii n − 0.5
iv 9.5
d  i –3, each term is 3 less than the term before
ii un + 1 = un – 3
iii −3n + 9
iv −21
e  i +3, each term is 3 more than the term before
ii un + 1 = un + 3
iii 3n – 10
iv 20
f  i –4, each term is 4 less than the term before
ii un + 1 = un – 4
iii −4n – 5
iv −45
 

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 1

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 Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 15 Student Book answers 

3 a  Position  1 2 5 12 50 n
  Term  1 5 17 45 197 4n – 3

b  Position  1 2 5 10 75 n
  Term  5 11 29 59 449 6n – 1

c  Position  1 3 8 50 100 n
  Term  2 0 –5 –47 –97 –n + 3

d  Position  1 2 3 10 100 n
  Term  3 0 –3 –24 –294 –3n + 6

e  Position  2 5 7 10 50 n
  Term  1 10 16 25 145 3n – 5

f  Position  1 2 5 20 50 n
  Term  –5.5 –7 –11.5 –34 –79 –1.5n – 4

4  a  i 4
ii un + 1 = un + 4
iii 4n + 1
iv 201
b  i +1
ii un + 1 = un + 1
iii n – 1
iv 49
c  i +3
ii un + 1 = un + 3
iii 3n – 13
iv 137
d  i +0.5
1
ii un + 1 = un +
2
iii 0.5n + 5.5
iv 30.5
   

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 2

© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2018
 Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 15 Student Book answers 

e  i +4
ii un + 1 = un + 4
iii 4n – 62
iv 138
f  i −3
ii un + 1 = un – 3
iii −3n + 75
iv −75

Exercise 15.2 page 159

1 un = n2 + 1
2 un = n2 – 1
3 un = n2 + 5
4 un = n2 + 8
5 un = n2 – 3
6  un = 2n2 + 2
7  un = 2n2 – 2
8 un = 3n2 + 2
9 un = 4n2 – 4
10 un = 5n2 – 4

Exercise 15.3 page 159

1  un = n3 + 10
2 un = n3 – n
3  un = n3 – 5
4  un = n3 + n2
5 un = n3 + n2 + 5n
6  un = n3 + 3n2 + 5n – 2
7 un = n3 + n2 – n
8  un = n3 + 5n + 7

Exercise 15.4 page 162

1  a Exponential (Geometric)
b Exponential (Geometric)
c Not exponential (Not geometric)
d Exponential (Geometric)
e Not exponential (Not geometric)
f Not exponential (Not geometric)

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 3

© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2018
 Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 15 Student Book answers 

2  a  i 3
ii 162, 486
iii un = 2(3)n−1
1
b  i
5
1 1
ii ,
25 125
iii  un = 25( 1 )n−1
5

d  i −3
ii −243, 729
iii un = (−3)n
3  a −6, −12, −24
b 8
4  a −4
1
b
4
c −65 536
5 $38 203.20
6  a Because 0.85 ≠ 0
b $3276.80
c  Because 0.8n ≠ 0 where n is the number of years

Exercise 15.5 page 164

1  i  un = n2 + 1
ii 26, 37
2  i un = n3 + 2
ii  127, 218
n2
3  i un =
2
1
ii 12 , 18
2
1
4  i un =  × 2n or un = 2(n – 1)
2
ii 16, 32
5  i un = nn + 1
ii 30, 42
   

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 4

© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2018
 Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 15 Student Book answers 

6  i un = n2 + n3
ii 150, 252
7  i un = n3 – n2
ii 100, 180
8  i u n = 3 × 2n
ii 96, 192

Student assessment 1 page 164

1  a  i 45, 54
ii Terms increasing by 9
b  i 30, 24
ii Terms decreasing by 6
c  i 2.25, 1.125
ii  Terms halving
d  i –12, –18
ii Terms decreasing by 6
e  i 27, 8
ii Descending order of cube numbers
f  i 81, 243
ii  Terms multiplied by 3
2  a 4n + 2
b 6n + 7
c 6n – 3
d n2 + 3
e 10n – 10
f n3 – 1
3  a  i un = 4n – 3
ii 37
b  i un = –3n + 4
ii –26
4  a u5 = 27, u100 = 597
b  u5 = 1.5 u100 = –46
5 a  Position  1 2 3 10 25 n
  Term  17 14 11 –10 –55 –3n + 20

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 5

© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2018
 Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 15 Student Book answers 

b  Position  2 6 10 80 n
  1
Term  –4 –2 0 35 n–5
2

Student assessment 2 page 165

1  a $515.46
b 3 years
2  a $253.50
b  $8.08
1
3  a 
3
b 243
c 10
4 un = n3 + 3n2 + 4
5 un = n3 + n2 + 3n + 5

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended Teacher’s Guide 6

© Hodder & Stoughton Ltd 2018