PRESENT P ER F E C T

Y E T /JUS T / A L RE A D Y / S TILL
AUX: HAVE(HAS) +
PARTICIPLE
MIND THE IRREGULAR FORMS!
 UNFINISHED
• HOW LONG?

• I’VE KNOWN YOU SINCE AUGUST THIS YEAR. SO, I’VE KNOWN YOU FOR ABOUT A
WEEK

• USE SINCE OR FOR

• UNFINISHED TIME: WE HAVEN’T LEFT THE HOUSE THIS MONTH.
USES • LIFE EXPERIENCE: I’VE BEEN TO THE GOLD MUSEUM
• NEWS/RECENT EVENTS: THE PRESIDENT HAS RECENTLY ANNOUNCED AN EXTENDED
QUARANTINE

• THIS TENSE DOES NOT USE SPECIFIC TIME INFORMATION.

 BEEN
• COMPLETE
• WE HAVE BEEN TO SAN ANDRÉS ONLY ONCE.
• MY MUM HAS BEEN TO THE SHOPS (THE FRIDGE IS FULL).
• A. ………………………….. B……………………….A
HAVE + GONE
• INCOMPLETE
• MY MUM HAS GONE TO THE SHOPS. I EXPECT HER TO RETURN
SHORTLY

• MY MUM HAS GONE TO SAN ANDRÉS

• A………..B
 • NEVER : (-) (BEWARE OF THE DOUBLE NEGATIVE)
• I HAVE NEVER HAD SUSHI- I HAVEN’T HAD SUSHI.

• “I HAVEN’T NEVER HAD SUSHI” – X - =+ INCORRECT

• JUST: SHORT TIME AGO – BETWEEN AUX AND PARTICIPLE

• RECENTLY
• YET : (-/?) EXPECTED TO HAPPEN –ALWAYS AT END OF SENTENCE
• HAVE YOU EATEN YOUR VEGETABLES YET? ( 1 HOUR, AT 1 HOUR YOU’RE ASKING

ADVERBS ABOUT IT)

• ALREADY : HAPPENED BEFORE EXPECTED – BETWEEN AUX AND PARTICIPLE

NEVER HAVE I EVER…
• I HAVE ALREADY FINISHED MY HOMEWORK (I WAS EXPECTING TO FINISH IT IN AN
HOUR, BUT ACTUALLY FINISHED IT IN 30 MINUTES).

• STILL: ONGOING, NOT FINISHED – END OF SENTENCE*

• FOR : DURATION – 8 YEARS END OF SENTENCE
• SINCE : STARTING POINT – 2010 END OF SENTENCE
• FROM/TO: PAST SIMPLE FROM 2010 TO 2014.