Introduction to Project Planning

Planning and Scheduling:

What?
• Planning & Scheduling: provides a
project plan/schedule that is essential
in project time management.

• Project Time Management:

• Planning

• Scheduling

• Tracking and Control

 • Planning & Scheduling is needed for:
Planning • Tracking and controlling project time
• and cost.
and
• Claims analysis, quantification and
Scheduling: • defense.

Why? • Effective utilization of resources (labor,

• material & equipment).
 Planning
Planning allows us to develop a framework for
project execution, monitoring, and control.

“Failing to Plan is Planning to Fail”

 Planning
• Planning Determines:

• What must be done?

• How it is to be performed?

• What sequential order it will follow?

• Who will perform the tasks?

 Planning

Planning Requires:
• Ability to visualize discrete work
elements
• Intimate knowledge of
construction methods
• Establishing interdependencies
 Project Planning

Time (schedule) Cost plan Procurement Safety plan Subcontracting

plan plan plan

Communication Quality plan Organizational …

plan plan
Plan Design
Ongoing task that continues throughout the life of the project

Detect “Plans are nothing,

Develop Implement
Deviation Planning is
everything”
– Eisenhower
Make Determine
Corrections Impact
Planning
Key Elements:
• Generate Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) &
Activity List.
• Estimate Activity Duration/Cost.
• Determine job logic (sequential relationships
among activities).
• Draw graphic presentation
• in a network.
 Standard and
Project Coding
 Management

Project Code
provides the
framework Superintendent
Schedule Engr.

for project planning Project

and control as a Code
means of
communication
Cost Engr. Foremen
 Benefits:
• Types of Coding Systems: A. Reducing Complexity
• Standard Code
• Project Code B. Consistency
C. Retrieval of Historical
records
Standard Code
Project Code
Estimating Activity Duration
 Work
Breakdown
Structure
WBS…
Definition
• Work Breakdown Structure (WBS):
What?
• A deliverable-‐oriented
hierarchical decomposition of the
work to be executed by the
project team to accomplish the
project objectives and create the
required deliverables.
• -‐ Project Management Institute
(PMI)
 Work Package

Is a well-‐defined scope Each work package has Each package has to Each package may vary It must be identifiable
of work that usually to be different from have start and end date in size, but must be a in a numerical
terminates in a other packages as well as a unique measurable and accounting system
deliverable product budget. controllable unit of (coding systems) in
work to be performed order to permit the
capture of both
budgeted & actual
performance
information
WBS Uses
Uses Scope
of
WBS: Costs

Schedule
Responsibility
 The detail of a work package.

Difference between work package and

construction tasks.
Keep in WBS is a visual breakdown and not a
schedule.
mind…
Change in WBS à change in project scope
; it is a formal document…
Organizational hierarchy vs. WBS..
Determining The Job Logic
Job Logic
• It is the connections; technical or non-
technical, between the construction
activities that define the sequence of the
work to be done.
Activity Connections

PHYSICAL STRATEGIC RESOURCES SAFETY WORKING

AREA
 • There are four types of
relationships between
sequenced activities:
Activity • Finish-to-Start (FS)
Relationships
• Start-to-Start (SS)
• Finish-to-Finish (FF)
• Start-to-Finish (SF)
 Example
Beam 2
Slab

Beam 1

Column 3 Column 4

Column 1 Column 2
 Question
B3
C5 S2

B2
S1

C6

B1

C3 C4

C1 C2
 Planning

Key Elements:
• Generate Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
& Activity List.
• Estimate Activity Duration/Cost.
• Determine job logic (sequential
relationships among activities).
• Draw graphic presentation in a network
diagram.
Project Scheduling
• Breaking down the scope of work into manageable portions; namely its
activities.
• Estimating each activity duration
• Establishing sequence relationships among activities.
• Finding the earliest and latest possible times for
• the execution of each activity.
• Looking up the project’s critical sequence of activities.
• Reviewing, optimizing, communicating, updating, and in general, using the…
Schedule.
 Example
Slab Beam 2

Beam 1
Column 3
Column 4

Column 2

Column 1