Unit 5: Mother Nature

Grammar

-Zero and First Conditional

-Second Conditional
-Third Conditional
 Zero Conditional
• FORM:
– Affirmative: If+ Subject+ Present Simple + subject
+Present Simple.
• If you heat ice, it melts.
• If you feel sick, go to the doctor.
– Negative: If+ Subject + don’t +subject + Present Simple
• If I don’t eat, I feel hungry
• If I don’t sleep, I feel exhausted.
– Interrogative: Do/Does + Subj + verb+ if + present
simple?
• Do you go to the market if you need fruit?
• USES:
– General truths:
• If you don’t put sun cream on, you get burn

– Scientific facts:
• Water boils if it reaches 100º
 First Conditional
• FORM:
– Affirmative: If+ Subject+ Present Simple + subject +
Future (will).
• If I leave school my mother will be angry
• If she doesn’t find a job here, she will move to London
– Negative: If+ Subject + don’t +subject + will (negative)
won’t
• If you don’t study, you won’t pass the exam
• If you study, you won’t fail the exam.
– Interrogative: will + Subj + verb+ if+ present simple?
• Will you go to the concert if I buy you the tickets?
• USES:
– Future plans
• I will go cycling, if the weather is good tomorrow

– Actions that will occur if the condition is

implemented.
• If I study hard, I will pass the exam
 Second Conditional
• FORM:
– Affirmative: If+ Subject+ Past simple + subject +
conditional (would)+ verb base form
• If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car
• If he were here, we would go to the party tonight
• If I were you, I would go to the doctor
– Negative: If+ Subject + did not +subject + would
(negative) wouldn’t + verb base form
• If I had a new car, I wouldn’t have the same problem every
morning
• If you didn’t study, you would fail many exams
– Interrogative: would + Subj + verb base form+ if+ past
simple?
• Would you help me with my project if I asked you?
• USES:
– Hypothetical actions in the present
• If we were rich, we would live in California

• If I had more time, I would practice more sport.

– Advices
• If I were you, I wouldn’t trust him.
 Third Conditional
• FORM:
– Affirmative: If+ Subject+ Past perfect + subject +
conditional (would)+ have +past participle
• If I had known you were here, I would have gone with you
• If I had remembered your birthday, I would have bought you
a present
– Negative: If+ Subject + had not +subject + would
(negative) wouldn’t + verb base form
• If I hadn’t gone to the party, I would have regretted it.
• If I had won the lottery, I wouldn’t have bought that car.
– Interrogative: would + Subj + have+ past participle if+
past perfect?
• Would you have come home if mom had called you?
• USES:
– Actions that occurred in the past and cannot be
changed.
• If my brother had called me, I wouldn’t have missed my
flight.

• If we had been in that trip, we would have visited Rome