EFFECT OF INCREASING ELECTRICITY COST

AMONG BARANGAY FOLKS

A Research Proposal presented

To the faculty
Of
La Milagrosa Academy

In partial fulfillment for Inquires, Investigation

And Immersion in Senior Highschool

Iamar A Socito
Sarah Saranilla
Jude Caminoy
James Patrick Talon
Marjore Pormanes

May 2022
 CHAPTER 1

Introduction

Background of the Study

Now a days electricity made an important role in every family most especially in this time of pandemic. On how

to save and have the knowledge to preserved electricity in every family to lessen the electrical bill. Most

especially in this time of pandemic that most of the people don’t have enough resources to pay there necessity.

Consumers with higher levels of awareness tend to consume less electricity. The best practices that is very

essential to apply in every time that the user needs to use the energy is that turn it off or switch it off after used

like switching off the lights when it's not necessary, unplug appliances after use, and others to minimize the use

of electricity

In Calbayog City, in terms of knowledge on what to do and not to do, being aware of the possible cost of

consumptions and practices on how to use the electricity properly, there are most of the consumers who doesn't

know the proper ways on how to use the energy correctly. The researchers thought that the possible reason of

having a increase of electricity bills among household is lock of knowledge about this issue particularly in low

class level in society. However, there are some who are wise in consuming electricity because of their broad

knowledge about it. While they are enjoying the benefits of electricity, they are also aware that energy is not

unlimited resource. Being cautious, to conserve energy cannot create a big trouble. Using it wisely can of course

reduce the electricity bill as well as to prevent there increase of consumption in electricity.

The researchers believe that this research will contribute to the consumers, particularly who managed an

establishment such as hotels and restaurants, malls, computer shops, printing shops, salons, and homeowners.
Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the Effects of Increasing Electrical Cost among Different Barangay’s in

Calbayog City.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: 

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of monthly income ?

 Age

 Sex

 Marital Status

 Monthly Income

2. What is the effect of Increasing Electricity Cost among Barangay Folks?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents and their electric use

and expenditure?

4. What problems were met by the respondent in terms of increasing electricity cost?

5. What is the level of awareness of the respondents about the electricity use and expenditure? 

Null Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents and their electric

consumption.
Theoretical Framework 

This study is anchored by the theory of Energy Use (2012), stated that the price of electricity has nothing to do

with the electricity use, it is depending upon how you use it, if you save the electricity, you will pay less

however if you didn't care how much you would pay at the end of the day then use the electricity whatever you

want to. Energy use is not very responsive to energy price changes whereas energy expenditure varies very

much. Part of this recent evidence suggests that the short run response of energy use to energy prices may have

change a

This theory emphasis the electricity price is not affected by electricity use, on the other hand electricity

expenditure is depending on how consumers manage to use their energy every now and then. The changes in

electricity price is responsibilities by the trading industry while electricity use is responsibilities by ourselves in

using energy at our homes and/or everywhere.

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual paradigm of this study is illustrated in Figure 1. The figure shows the concept of this study, it

consists of three (3) big boxes that contains the major and sub-variables of the study. The first big box shows

the input and the main focus of the study, The second big box shows the process of the study where the

researchers use an online form of questioner to interview the selected respondents via Google form. And the last

big box contains the output of the study which is the level of awareness of the respondents about the increasing

electricity cost among barangay folks

 INPUT Process Output

1.Demographic profile of the respondent

 Gender
 Age
 Monthly income
 Household member  Level of awareness from the
respondent about the
 Profiling Increasing Electricity cost
 Interview via google form among each barangay.
 Analysis and interpretation
of data
 Better practices on how to
conserved electricity.

2.Level of awareness of each

respondent?

3. What are the different problems

encountered by the respondent?

Significance of the Study

This study entitled, "Effects of Increasing Electrical Cost Among Barangay Folks" is being created to benefit

the following:
Consumers. This research would benefit the consumers for the purpose of having a clear understanding and

knowledge on how to manage electricity that would affect their expenditure. Because it provides insights to the

possible ways that can be done to avoid the negative effects of electricity services.

Electric Company. This research would benefit the electric company because for them to be aware of what their

customers are complaining about and what kind of services they need to improve.

Local Government Unit (LGU). This research would benefit the LGU because it would help them to provide

additional information to share to their constituents in terms of safety, mitigation during any risk at home and a

solution to lessen the use of energy particularly in Calbayog City.

Researchers. This research would benefit the future researchers for them to have references as related studies or

related literature to their future studies.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study entitled "Effects of Increasing Electricity Cost Among Barangay Folks" was held in selected

Barangays in Calbayog City.

The target for this study were the residents of the community in Barangay West Awang Calbayog City. The

respondents of this study will cover all the residents of the said place that has owned any types of electric meter

installed in their house. The primary respondents were the head of the family and if they are not around during

the conduct of the study the secondary respondents was the guardian or other representative who are 18 years

old and above if necessary. The study was conducted in Calbayog City.

Definition of Terms
 

The following terms were defined conceptually and operationally for the better understanding of the readers to

the variables of the study. 

Electricity Use. Is an essential part of modern life. People use electricity for lighting, heating, cooling and

refrigerating foods as well as for operating appliances such as computers, electronics, and machineries system

(U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2021). In this study, it refers to the energy power that the appliances

need to, to power it on by the presence of a person who uses it. 

Expenditure. The incurrence of a liability in exchange for good or services. Evidence of the documentation

triggered by an expenditure is a sales receipt or an invoice (Bragg, 2021). In this study, it refers to the cost of

the used electricity in a household that we need to pay during due date period.

Knowledge. Is defined as what is learned, understood or aware of (Your Dictionary). In this study, it refers to

someone with sufficient knowledge on how to use the electricity correctly and properly.

Electricity Cost. Electrical Costs means the aggregate cost of electricity to the Building reduced by the cost of any

extraordinary electrical use.

 CHAPTER II

Related Literature and Related Studies

This chapter contains review of related literature and studies that came from various authors and sources that

are related and significant to the present study.

Related Literature

Electrical expenses mean the cost incurred by using the electricity. The expenses are incurred and payment is

rendered (Corporate Finance Institute). Consumers that has enough socio-economic characteristics have a

moderate impact to their expenses whereas those consumers who belongs to dwelling characteristics and with

the large number of household members have a huge impact to their expenses. The changes of socio-economic

status in the household leads to changes in energy expenses, the smaller the size of household member the

moderate amount of energy consumptions however the larger the size of household member the enormous

amount of energy consumptions (Longhi, 2015).

The study of Longhi is relevant to the present study because the researches will now identify the reason why

energy consumptions is dependent on the socio-economic status and the size of the household members.
Energy conservation at home is very essential in two reasons, first to save money, second and foremost to

reduce the amount of damage caused to the environment. Switching to renewable energy in your household,

turning off the lights when you leave a room, using energy-efficient lightbulbs, turning things off rather than

leaving them on standby, and not heating/cooling your home when no one is in, is a simple step to reduce the

electricity bill and to live with more awareness and also to reduce damaging our environment due to increase of

carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, hot and humid can't enter inside the house if the most prefer household

design is made of straw and the roof is approximately 45°. We can save more energy by using eco-friendly

appliances, ensure your fridge and freezers are fully closed, and turn off your outside lights at night if possible

(inspire, 2020).

This study says that consumers who has a knowledge and who knew how to manage their energy consumption

will of course have a lower electricity costs while those consumers who live in a dwelling house and with a

huge number of household members which is Filipino’s family-oriented behavior has a big impact to their

energy costs.

According to the study Ramirez, the Philippines, power rates remain as one of the highest in Southeast Asia

which is about Php 8.90 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) in terms of household rate. The best practices that we need to

apply are this tips like simply turning/switching off the appliances is not really enough, these devices is still

consuming energy even if it is off, unplugging after use is the best way to reduce power consumption and we

need it to make a habit every after used. It suggested that using a power board or strip can supply power to

multiple appliances used at the same time and allows you to turn them off together with just one switch. In

addition, using a Light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs which has a lifespan and electrical efficiency that are

multiple times greater than the normal incandescent lamps and the efficiency is significant than fluorescent

lamps. When you are about to buy or switch your appliances, check the labels first look if there is an indication

for Energy Efficiency Ratio or Factor (EER/EEF) which means it has a better energy saving performance.

Doing thus things is a little bit harder but when you make it a habit you can surely save more money and energy

in a long run (Ramirez, 2017).

The study of Longhi and Ramirez shows a relationship to the present study due to its informative and relevant

information about how electricity and how are we able to reduce its consupmtion.

Related Studies
Lester’s study is relevant to the present study because it talked about energy saving appliances that uses less

energy, especially those appliances that mostly needs at home to lighten our works in everyday living. It is also

slightly similar due to its knowledge on what efficient appliances must need to buy at home. It can help to

further explain what essential appliances that consumers need to purchased. 

The studies of Lester (2015), and Cuce and Harjunowibowo (2016) are slightly similar to the present study due

to its awareness on what appliances are good to our pocket and in the environment. Unknowingly that there is a

lot of appliances that are worthy to buy.

Therefore, through those tips’ consumers will have a knowledge of how to use electricity correctly and what

appropriate appliances they are going to buy as well as how to manage that equipment’s properly. Particularly

for those consumers who has low income status and who live in a lower -class with a huge number of household

members. The people who really has the habit of doing such practices definitely they won't hurt mentally to

think where to find a money to pay those bills. 

This reviewed related studies will surely contribute to the researchers to help and guide in the conduct of the

study on Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices on Electric Use and Expenditure of Households in Calbayog

City.
 CHAPTER III

Research and Methodology

This chapter discuss the research method and the procedures undertaken in the conduct of this study. It presents

the research design, respondents of the study, sampling procedures, locale and time of the study, research

instrument, validation of the instrument, data gathering, and the statistical treatment applied in the analysis of

the data gathered.

Research Design

This study employed the use of the descriptive style of research to determine the current state of the consumers

in terms of Knowledge, Awareness and Practices on Electric Use and Expenditure together with their

demographic profile and their level of awareness and practices in terms of energy saving habit. Descriptive

research aims to accurately and systematically describe a population, situations or phenomenon. It can answer

what, when, where, and how questions, but not why questions .The researchers use this research design to

determine the current prevailing conditions of a group of people, things, or situations and describe its

characteristics or phenomena.

Respondent of the Study

The respondents in our study was the chosen people in barangay west awang with different marital status, age

sex and monthly income. This survey was made for everyone who are aware about there monthly consumption.

A total of 20 respondent answered the given questionnaire.

Research Procedure

The researcher discussed about the chosen topic and make some clarification and validation. Afterwards the

researchers drafted some questionnaire about the increasing consumption of people in every household and

there level of awareness in consuming electricity. The researchers use the internet to collect and gathered
information and data needed to complete the research topic. Then the researcher conduct a survey to gathered

enough respondent needed to complete the data. The collected data well be used to make a conclusion, findings

and recommendations.

Locale and Time of the Study

The study was conducted in barangay West Awang Calbayog City Samar in the year of 2021. As pandemic

happened the researchers was strictly prohibited to go from different area or places so the study was conducted

through different online platform including google form , facebook etc.

Research Instrument

In gathering the study’s data, the researchers use online survey questionnaires which is Google form. Google

form, as an instruments to gather information from the selected respondents of the chosen Barangay . Due to

pandemic, we faced today, the researchers find an alternative solution on how to distribute the questionnaires

without apprehension for both interviewer, and the respondent. In consideration, researchers use an online

survey administration software made by Google where it’s easy and risk free for possible transmission of the

virus.

Researchers sent the link to the respective respondents, the type of the questionnaires was to check and fill out

the box the instrument designed and clear, and the questionnaires contains questions that answer the necessary

data of the study.

Validation of the Instrument

The researchers analyzed the questionnaire and ask for comments and validation from the research teacher

before conducting the actual survey. The correction and suggestion are highly appreciated by the researchers

and the response are highly accepted. The content of these question is about there demographic profile there
monthly income, the level of consumption in electricity. All the question are first analyzed by the instructor to

make sure it is accurate and organized.

Data Gathering

In this section stated the sequence on how the researchers gathered the data. At first the researcher proposed a

title and have been approved by the research teacher. The approved title was “EFFECT OF INCREASING

ELECTRICAL COST AMONG BARANGAY FOLKS”. As the title was approved the researcher made a

google form which have been upload and send to the chosen respondent. The researcher make sure to not have

biased in answering the question and shows the accurate responses of the respondent in accordance of there

level of status and there monthly bill.

Statistical Treatment

The researchers used online form of questionnaires in gathering data from the respondents and it is stated in

English. Wherein the respondent was randomly selected from barangay west awang Calbayog City .In the sense

that each individuals had the same probability of being chosen during the sampling process.

Based on the responses of the study the researcher analyzed and interpreted the data using the formula.

P=F/N×100

Where:

P = percentage

f = frequency distribution

N = total no. of respondents

 CHAPTER IV

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presents, analyzes, and discusses the data gathered through survey

questionnaire fielded to the respondents. The data gathered relative to the specific questions asked in the study .

Table 1: Profile of the Respondent

Table 1.1 Frequency and Percentage of distribution according to Age

Age Frequency Percentage

18-20 10 50%

21-30 4 20%

31-40 5 25%

50-above 1 5%

Table 1.1 shows that the frequency distribution according to Age among 20 respondent is 10 of them are 18-20

years old represent a 50% 4 respondent was in the age of 21-30 years old with a 20% , 5 are 31-50 years old

25% and 1 is from 50-above 5% .Therefore the most people who respond was in the age of 18-20 years old.

Table 1.2 Frequency and Percentage of distribution according to Sex

Sex Frequency Percentage

Female 15 75%

Male 5 25%

Table 1.2 Represent the frequency and percentage distribution according to there sex. Among 20 respondet 18

are females with a 75% of the respondent while the remaining 25% are males with a 5 respondent. The table

shows that majority of these are females who are willing answered the survey.

Table 1.3 Frequency and Percentage of distribution according to there monthly bill
 Monthly Bills Frequency Percentage

Minimum 16 80%

Maximum 4 20%

Table 1.3 shows the frequency and percentage distribution according to there monthly bills 80% shows a

minimum bills from 16 respondent and 20% percent consume a maximum bills with a 4 respondent the 20%

that shows a maximum bills are currently operates a small business some of them are small eatery and sari-sari

stores.

Table 2.2 Result of the findings

Table 2.1 Frequency and Percentage According to there appliances consumption

Frequency Percentage

Uses Refrigerator 4 20%

Uses Television 10 50%

Uses washing machine 4 20%

Uses oven 2 10%

Uses radio etc. 0 0

Table 2.1 shows that the frequency and percentage distribution of appliances consumption are out of 20

respondent there are 4 household who use refrigerator and 10 household uses televison, 4 household use

washing machine for cleaning clothes 2 uses oven for there business the majority of these study that are

commonly consume electricity are the television which have a 50% on the survey

Table 2.2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of How often every household uses electricity or any

home appliances.

Frequency Percentage

Always 10 50%

Often 5 25%

Sometimes 5 25%

Never 0 0
Table 2.2 In this table it shows how often every household use there appliances 50% answered always the

reamining 50% are divided in to two which is the often and sometimes. Overall most of the time people always

uses appliances everyday.

Table 2.3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution according if they have a appliances uses solar panel or

power

Frequency Percentage

Yes 0

No 20 100%

Table 2.3 shows that most of the household don’t have a solar panel or power as a alternative Resources where

they could get electricity without consuming more.

 CHAPTER V

This chapter summarize the results of the study to be follows by the conclusion based on the findings and

recommendation according to the Effects of Increasing Electricity Cost Among

Barangay Folks.

SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS

Based on the gathered data given by different respondent in Calbayog City Samar most of the reason for

Increasing electricity Cost is because of the different appliances use by every household. One of the most

consuming appliances are the television, refrigerator and washing machine that are commonly used in every

household. Most of people who are using these appliances consume a maximum electricity bill every month.

Also we found out that they are not into the use of solar panel or power which could possible help lower there

monthly bills and can be an alternative resources.

CONCLUSION

The primary objective of these study was to identify the different reasons of a highly consumption of electricity

from different household and establishment.

Majority to these study are people with a small establishment suffered from maximum electricity bills every

month and also those who use different appliance for convenient of doing there household chores The

respondent who consume more than a 10khw to 30khw are consuming more than the moderate consumption of

electricity.
RECOMMENDATION

Based on the findings of the study the following recommendations are presented:

1. It is recommended to have a better knowledge, awareness and practices in the use energy at home so that it

will manage the use of electricity in the right way.

2. It is highly recommended that saving energy conserves valuable resources and saves money. Do your part to

make energy conservation a habit. It’s a move with positive implications for both the environment and your

wallet.

3. Electrical energy conservation awareness is of utmost importance in all areas of electricity usage

Government should complement mandatory energy performance requirements and labels with a package of

measures that accelerate the transformation of the appliance market towards high-efficiency products.

4. Lighting represents global electricity consumption. Government should require and promote improved

lighting systems design and management.

 CHAPTER VI

This chapter introduce the proposed using solar panel/power in every household. This proposal is established

from the recommendation of the study.

RATIONALE:

This research recommendation will be serving as a way to help every family, lower their monthly bill.

Through the use of solar power panel/power with this implementation and program every family would get the

chance to minimize there monthly bill and avoid the problem of increasing monthly electricity bills.

OBJECTIVE:

The following are the objectives of the proposal using solar panel/power in every household;

1. To minimize there electricity bill

2. To help the environment

3. To avoid power outage

PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

This research recommendation is so much beneficial to every family, for family, this will help them

minimize there monthly bill and avoid experiencing power outage. As for the environment, it reducing

greenhouse gases, improving our air quality and conserving water , solar power can also help us to reduce our
reliance on fossils fuels and lower energy prices for years to come. To implement our recommendation every

barangay should have a seminar about the importance of solar panel/power in our daily life as well as to

promote the benefits of solar panel/power in our environment. Solar panel would be beneficial in both human

and nature.

REFERENCES

https://www.zenenergy.com.au/knowledge-base/popular-topic/5-advantages-of-solar-energy-on-the-

environment/#:~:text=Solar%20power%20has%20wide%2Dranging,prices%20for%20years%20to%20come.

Ramirez, P. (2017). Tips: Ways to save on electricity bills at home. The Expats'

Guide to the Philippine Lifestyle. Retrieved from https://primer.com.ph/tips-guides/2017/09/26/tips-ways-to-

save-on-electricity-bills-at-home/#:~:text=Look%20for%20appliances%20with%20higher,savings%20on

%20your%20electricity%20bills

Lundgren, B., & Scultzberg, M. (2019). Application of the economic theory of self-

control to model energy conservation behavioral change in households. Energy. ScienceDirect. Advance online

publication. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.217.

https://paylesspower.com/blog/what-uses-the-most-electricity-in-the-house/#

Longhi, S. (2015). Residential energy expenditures and the relevance of changes in

household circumstances. Energy Economic. Science Direct. Advance online publication.

doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2015.03.018

Ramirez, P. (2017). Tips: Ways to save on electricity bills at home. The Expats'
Guide to the Philippine Lifestyle. Retrieved from https://primer.com.ph/tips-guides/2017/09/26/tips-ways-to-

save-on-electricity-bills-at-home/#:~:text=Look%20for%20appliances%20with%20higher,savings%20on

%20your%20electricity%20bills

APPENDIX

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Effects of Increasing Electricity Cost Among

Barangay Folks
 

Do you have any of these devices or appliances at home?

Television
Refrigerator
Oven
Aircondition
Internet
Computer

Do you use your device/s (smartphone, tablet, Ipad or etc.) while charging?
Yes

No

Sometimes
How much is your monthly electricity bill?
Minimum

Above minimum

How frequently do you use the appliances (TV, Washing Machine, Electric Fan, Speaker and etc.) in your
home?
Sometimes

Often

Always

Do you switch off the light when not in use?

Sometimes

Often

Always

Never

Do you need to still switch on the light even in daytime?

Always

Sometimes

Never

Do you pull down the fused when there is no one left in the house?
Sometimes

Often

Always

Never

Using appliances or light even if it’s not necessary.

Sometimes

Often

Always

Never

Leaving the light open overnight before going to sleep.

Sometimes

Often

Always

Never

Have you experienced a power outage at your home or where you live?
Yes

No

What is the reason you've experienced a power outage?

Forgot to pay the bill on due date.
No money to pay.

Shortage of money due to high electrical bill.

Do you use solar panel at your home to reduce electricity bill?

Yes

No

Do you have any appliances at home that uses or has a solar panel?
Yes

No

What appliances at your home that you  use the most?

Electric Stove

Heater

TV

Refrigerator

Washing Machine

Electric fan or airconditioner

Oven

Speaker or radio

DVD player

Other:

How many are you at home or in your place that is using electricity?

10

10 or more

Submit

Clear form
STUDENT PROFILES
Name: Iamar A Socito

Age:18

Place: Caglanipao Sur Calbayog City

Name: Sarah Jeane Saranilla

Age: 18

Place: West Awang Calbayog City

Name: James Patrick Talon

Age:18

Place:Obrero

Name: Jude Caminoy

Age: 19

Place: Carayman

Name: Marjore Pormanes

Age:19

Place:Payahan