ISLAMIC STUDIES

ASSIGNMENT 1

NAME: PARIWISH
STUDENT ID: 21U00625
 MEANING OF ISLAM:
The word “Islam” means “submission to the will of God.” Followers of Islam are
called Muslims. Followers of Islam aim to live a life of complete submission to
Allah. ... The Quran is the major holy text of Islam.

EMBODIMENT OF ISLAM (HAZRAT IBRAHIM AS):

Prophet Ibrahim (as) was the epitome, the most beautiful expression of loving
surrender, of loving attachment to Allah SWT and Him alone. 
Ibrahim was given the title ‘ ‫ ’خليل هللا‬KHALILULLAH’, which means ‘the friend of
Allah’. Ibrahim (A.S.) was the forefather of many great Prophets. Ibrahim (A.S.)
belongs to the 25 prophets mentioned in the Quran. He is also among the five
prophets of Ulul’azm (Arch-Prophets) as these five prophets have books and
divine religious laws. Ibrahim (A.S.) is mentioned by name 69 times in Quran.
Ibrahim (A.S.) is a prophet who is tested by Allah and despite severe trials and
challenges, Ibrahim (A.S.) was shown as a servant who kept his promise and
always showed a respectable attitude.
 On the Divine Guidance, Ibrahim took Hajrah and the newborn Ismail to a
distant place (present day Makkah) in Hijaz. Ibrahim left his beloved wife
and infant son in the barren valley with no greenery, water or human
inhabitation and prayed for the prosperity and security of his offspring in
this barren valley.
 The story of Prophet Ibrahim (as) preparing to offer his son Ismail (as) as a
sacrifice to Allah (swt) is not one of simply offering flesh and physical
bloodshed, but more so of spiritual sacrifice and submission to Allah (swt).

ISLAM CONCEPT OF WORSHIP:

According to Islam, salah (Namaz), zakat, fasting and hajj are not only the religious
activity, but the worldly activities done according to Islamic principle are also
religious activity such as going university to seek knowledge is also a religious
activity, as a doctor to take care of others is a religious activity, as a teacher to
teach others and spread knowledge is religious activity if done according to
Islamic guidance.
 ISLAM IS TRUE WAY OF LIFE:

ْ ‫ۗ ِإنَّ الدِّينَ ِع ْن َد هَّللا ِ اِإْل‬

‫ساَل ُم‬
“Verily Islam is the (only true) way of life in the sight of Allah.”
This is how Quran invite the entire mankind to the system of life it proposes this is
a significant statement and contain the gospel truth. This statement is understood
to mean that the true religion in the sight of God is Islam, and that Islam alone is a
way of life acceptable with Allah. Some people thought that the religion Islam
came into being some 1400 years ago in Arabia and which was founded by
Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). But the truth is that man was told the
moment he first appeared on this planet that al Islam was the only true way and
right conduct of life for him.
DO WE NEED IT?
Obviously to live a meaningful life a man stands in need of some system or way.
Like a river his course cannot be determined in accordance with the topography
of the land similarly he is not merely an animal who could be guarded by his own
instincts and habits alone. he requires for his domestic life his family relations his
Economic Affairs international affairs and numerous other aspects of his life
accords which he may follow not merely as individual but also as a Group of
nation and a species.
Evidence:
life is not possible without a way of life
CHARACTERISTICS OF A WAY OF LIFE
1. It must be complete and comprehensive.
Evidence:
life cannot be divided into aspects of life it is not possible for men to choose
divergent and mutually incompatible modes of behavior for various fields of his
life.
2. It must be universal.
Evidence:
Geographical and racial division of life is not possible.
3. It must be permanent.
Evidence:
providential division of life is not possible
CAN HUMAN BEINGS THEMSELVES EVOLVE AND DEVELOP SUCH WAY OR
SYSTEM OF LIFE?
The answer is definitely in negative.
Reasons:
 His desires or wish
 His reason and intellectual capacity
 His power of observation and experimentation break it must science
 The records of past historical experiences history.
a) WISH OR DESIRE:
good those really be a good guide of a mankind? No species of human desire has
an ability to be of service in framing al-deen the system of life and in so far as the
ultimate problems of life such as the nature of life it's end and purposes etc. are
concerned desire could hardly buy on any real services.
b) INTELLECT:
the judgments and reasons rest upon the material data sense perceives if the
information they give is defective, incomplete, or distorted and colored its
decision will be flocculus
c) SCIENCE:
science means a systemized body of knowledge drive through empirical means of
observation and experiment. Nor possesses the mean to approach the ultimate
reality neither can he directly observed, nor can he reason from the things that
can under observation and experiment to form such an opinion about the
ultimate problems of life.
d) HISTORY:
We cannot find out whether the history is true or not.

ISLAM IS THE ONLY RELIGION OUT THERE:

Islam does not deny truth to other religions but says that later followers
adulterated that truth by their own inventions and that was why gods and the
holy prophet peace be upon him to purifies god’s religion. Islam is the line of all
religions whose prophet belong to the family of Abraham the Judaic tradition that
started with Ibrahim’s son Ishaq (Isaac) is our comes to an end with Jesus who
was a last prophet in that family tree. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
was descendant of the other son of Ibrahim, Ismail.

BASIC FEATURES OF ISLAMIC IDEOLOGY:

1. Simplicity, rationalism and practicalism:
Islam is a religion without any mythology. Its teachings are simple and intelligible.
it's free from superstitions and irrational beliefs. The unity of God, the prophet of
Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the concept of life after death are the basic
articles of its faith.
2. Unity of matter and spirit:
A unique feature of Islam is dad it does not divide life into watertight
compartment of matter and spirit. Islam does not admit any separation between
material, moral, and spiritual life and enjoin man to devote all his energies to the
reconstruction of life on healthy moral foundation. Islam aims at establishing an
equilibrium between these two aspects of life the material and the spiritual.
3. A complete way of life:
Islam is not a religion in the common, distorted meaning of the word, confined to
the private life of man. It is a complete way of life catering for all the field of
human experiences. Islam provide guidance for all walk of life- individual and
social, material and moral, economic and political, legal and cultural, national and
international.
4. Balance between the individual and society:
Another unique feature of Islam is dad it establishes a balance between
individualism and collectivism it believes in the individual personality of a man
and hold everyone personally accountable to God. It also awakens a sense of
social responsibility in man organizes human being in a society and a state and
enjoin the individual to subscribe to the social goods. Prayer, in Islam, is offered in
congregation which inculcate social discipline among the Muslims. Jihad has been
made obligatory, which means that individual should, when the occasion arises
offer even his life for the defense and protection of Islam and the Islamic state.
5. Universality and humanism:
the message of Islam is for the entire human race guardian Islam is a God of all
world and profit is a messenger of the whole mankind in Islam all men are equal
whatever be their color language race and nationality
6. permanence and change:
the elements of permanence and change coexist in human society and culture
and are bound to remain so. The Quran and sunnah contain the internal guidance
given by the Lord of the universe. This guidance comes from God who is free from
the limitation of space and time. Thus, the basic guidance is of a permanent
nature.
7. All teachings are preserved:
it is a fact that the teaching of Islam have been preserved in their original form
and god's guidance is available without any adulteration of any kind. the Quran as
they revealed book of God which has been in exist for the last 14 hundred years
and the word of God is available in its original form.
8. Revolutionary movement:
holy prophet (peace be upon him) has sent for the revolution and this Islam
contain the revolutionary moment.
 MEANING OF ISLAM IN THE LIGHT SURAH TAUBA:

‫اشت َٰرى منَ ۡالم ۡؤمن ۡينَ اَ ۡنفُسهُمۡ واَمۡ والَهُمۡ با َ َّن لَهُم ۡالجـنَّةَ ؕ يُقَاتلُ ۡونَ ف ۡى سب ۡيل هّٰللا‬ ۡ َ ‫اِ َّن هّٰللا‬
ِ ِ َِ ِ ِ َ ُ ِ َ َ َ ِِ ُ ِ
ۡ َ‫َو ۡعدًا َعلَ ۡي ِه َحقًّا فِى التَّ ۡو ٰرٮ ِة َوااۡل ِ ۡن ِج ۡي ِل َو ۡالقُ ۡر ٰا ِن ؕ َو َم ۡن اَ ۡو ٰفى بِ َع ۡه ِد ٖه ِمنَ هّٰللا ِ ف‬
َ‫فَيَ ۡقتُلُ ۡونَ َو ي ُۡقتَلُ ۡون‬ ‫است َۡـب ِشر ُۡوا‬
‫بِبَ ۡي ِع ُك ُم الَّ ِذ ۡى بَايَ ۡعتُمۡ بِ ٖه ؕ َو ٰذ لِكَ ه َُو ۡالفَ ۡو ُز ۡال َع ِظ ۡي ُم‬ 
Surely Allah has purchased of the believers their lives and their belongings and in
return has promised that they shall have Paradise.106 They fight in the Way of
Allah, and slay and are slain. Such is the promise He has made incumbent upon
Himself in the Torah, and the Gospel, and the Qur'an.107 Who is more faithful to
his promise than Allah? Rejoice, then, in the bargain you have made with Him.
That indeed is the mighty triumph.
Explanation:
In a human bargain both sides give something and receive some advantages. In
the divine bargain of ALLĀH with man, ALLĀH takes man's will and soul and his
wealth and goods, and gives him in return ever-lasting Felicity.

‫ف َوالنَّاه ُۡونَ ع َِن ۡال ُم ۡن َك ِر‬ ِ ‫اَلتَّ ۤاـِئب ُۡونَ ۡال ٰعبِد ُۡونَ ۡال ٰح ِمد ُۡونَ الس ّۤاـِئح ُۡونَ ال ٰ ّر ِكع ُۡونَ ال ٰ ّس ِجد ُۡونَ ااۡل ٰ ِمر ُۡونَ بِ ۡال َم ۡعر ُۡو‬
َ‫ َو ۡال ٰحـفِظُ ۡونَ لِ ُحد ُۡو ِد هّٰللا ِؕ َوبَ ِّش ِر ۡال ُم ۡؤ ِمنِ ۡين‬ 
Those who constantly turn to Allah in repentance,108 who constantly worship Him,
who celebrate His praise, who go about the world to serve His cause, 109 who bow
down to Him, who prostrate themselves before Him, who enjoin what is good and
forbid what is evil, and who keep the limits set by Allah.110 Announce glad tidings
to such believers.
Explanation:
We are to rejoice that by giving up such small things as ourselves and our
possessions we are to be rewarded with such a great thing as the eternal life of
felicity.
 PHILOSOPHY OF FAITH IN SURAH FATIHA:
The main three components of surah fatiha are:
 Tawheed (oneness of Allah)
 Akhira (life after death)
 Risalah (prophethood)
The first three verses of Surat al-Fatiha clearly rectify the aspect of faith in human
existence. It throws light upon the three concepts mentioned above, since in
reality these concepts form the basis of man’s complete faith structure.
As an introduction to the Quran, it contains all the basic principles that are given
in detail in the Qur’an. It tells us that we are surrounded by Allah’s grace and
favors. He is the Source of all love and mercy. It speaks about life after death and
of the consequences of human action and behavior. It tells that the true guidance
comes through God’s Prophets and Messengers.
After this introduction comes the whole Qur’an. Al-Fatihah is the prayer, and the
Qur’an is the answer to our prayers. Al-Fatihah is the introduction to the Qur’an
and then we have the whole Quran.

DEMAND OF FAITH IN THE LIGHT OF SURAH ASR:

‫۝‬ ‫ص ِر‬ ْ ‫َوٱ ْل َع‬

‫۝‬ ‫نسنَ لَفِى ُخ ْس ٍر‬ َ ٰ ‫ِإنَّ ٱِإْل‬
َّ ِ‫اص ْو ۟ا ب‬
‫۝‬ ‫ٱلص ْب ِر‬ َ ‫اص ْو ۟ا بِٱ ْل َح ِّق َو َت َو‬
َ ‫ت َو َت َو‬ َّ ٰ ‫وا ٱل‬
ِ ‫صل ٰ َِح‬ ۟ ُ‫وا َو َع ِمل‬
۟ ‫ِإاَّل ٱلَّذِينَ َءا َم ُن‬

English meaning:
 By Time,
 Indeed, mankind is in loss,
 Except for those who have believed and done righteous deeds and advised
each other to truth and advised each other to patience.
In brief, this Surah tells us that all of humanity is in loss, except for those who
follow or adhere to four basic tenets:
 Faith
  Good deeds
 Preaching
 With determination
If we join the faith and good deed it will equal to faith only and if we join
preaching and determination it will equal to jihad and if we join faith and jihad it
becomes faith and only faith.

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE BELIEVERS (SURAH

MOMINON):
﴾23:3﴿ َ‫﴾ َوالَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ َع ِن اللَّ ۡغ ِو ُم ۡع ِرض ُۡو ۙن‬23:2﴿ ۙ َ‫َاشع ُۡون‬ ِ ‫صاَل تِ ِهمۡ خ‬ َ ‫﴾ الَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ فِ ۡى‬23:1﴿ َ‫قَ ۡد اَ ۡفلَ َح ۡال ُم ۡؤ ِمنُ ۡو ۙن‬
ۡ‫﴾ اِاَّل ع َٰلٓى اَ ۡز َوا ِج ِهمۡ اَ ۡو َما َملَـ َك ۡت اَ ۡي َمانُهُم‬23:5﴿ َ‫﴾ َوالَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ لِفُر ُۡو ِج ِهمۡ ٰحفِظُ ۡو ۙن‬23:4﴿ َ‫اعلُ ۡو ۙن‬ ِ َ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ لِل َّز ٰكو ِة ف‬
ٓ
ۡ‫﴾ َوالَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ اِل َمٰ ٰنتِ ِهمۡ َوع َۡه ِد ِهم‬23:7﴿ ۚ َ‫ولـِئكَ هُ ُم ۡال ٰعد ُۡون‬ٰ ُ ‫﴾ فَ َم ِن ۡابت َٰغى َو َرٓا َء ٰذ لِكَ فَا‬23:6﴿ ۚ َ‫فَاِنَّهُمۡ غ َۡي ُر َملُ ۡو ِم ۡين‬
ۡ ٰٓ
َ‫﴾ الَّ ِذ ۡينَ يَ ِرثُ ۡون‬23:10﴿ ۙ َ‫ارثُ ۡون‬ ِ ‫﴾ اُولـِئكَ هُ ُم ال َو‬23:9﴿ ۘ َ‫صلَ ٰوتِ ِهمۡ يُ َحافِظُ ۡون‬ َ ‫﴾ َوالَّ ِذ ۡينَ هُمۡ ع َٰلى‬23:8﴿ ۙ َ‫َراع ُۡون‬
َ‫سؕ هُمۡ فِ ۡيهَا ٰخلِد ُۡون‬ َ ‫ۡالفِ ۡرد َۡو‬
1. Successful indeed are the believers.
2. Those who offer their Salat (prayers) with all solemnity and full submissiveness.
3. And those who turn away from Al-Laghw (dirty, false, evil vain talk, falsehood,
and all that Allah has forbidden).
4. And those who pay the Zakat .
5. And those who guard their chastity (i.e. private parts, from illegal sexual acts)
6. Except from their wives or (the captives and slaves) that their right hands
possess, for then, they are free from blame;
7. But whoever seeks beyond that, then those are the transgressors;
8. Those who are faithfully true to their Amanat (all the duties which Allah has
ordained, honesty, moral responsibility and trusts etc.) and to their covenants;
9. And those who strictly guard their (five compulsory congregational) Salawat
(prayers) (at their fixed stated hours).
10. These are indeed the inheritors.
11. Who shall inherit the Firdaus (Paradise). They shall dwell therein forever.
BASICS CHARACTERISTICS OF IBAD-UR-REHMAN (SURAH
FURQAN):

 We are ‫ عباد‬slaves of Allah. Slave is someone who is the property of their

Master, and their whole life is dedicated to their Master. The slavery of
Allah is beautiful as we willingly submit ourselves to Allah, without any
coercion. It is to surrender completely before Allah and to make all deeds
and desires conforming to His pleasure with one's own choice. The slavery
of Allah frees us from the slavery of people!
 We should be humble like the Earth beneath us, as we've come from the
Earth and will be returned to it. A person's humility is reflected in the way
they walk, speak and interact with others. The Ibaad ur Rahman walk
humbly, without any pride and without being intimidating and
condescending.
 The Ibaad ur Rahman walk away from ‫ جاهل‬people and respond with
"Peace”. Their voice does not raise in response to someone else raising
their voice, and they do not become overwhelmed by their emotions. If
people treat them badly, they don't come down to their level. They can
control their temper and handle difficult situations.
 They spend a part of their night praying to Allah. They give up their sleep
for the sake of Allah.
 Allah loves those who spend money on their needs, but they neither
commit excess ‫ اسراف‬nor spend money sparingly ‫بخل‬.
 Refraining from shirk, murder and adultery is one of the primary
fundamentals in deen. Idab ur rehman refrain himself from these sins.
 They do not participate in the meetings where lie and falsehood is
common. The biggest falsehood is the kufr (disbelief) and shirk, and the
next in order comes the common lies and acts of sin.
 ‫ لغو‬is useless talk and activity, and all frivolous things. When the Ibaad ur
Rahman see lagw happening around them, they keep on walking. They walk
away from such situations in a dignified, graceful manner without making a
huge deal out of it. They do not feel a sense of arrogance and superiority
for not indulging in ‫لغو‬.
  They reflect upon the lessons of the Qur'an, pay heed, and do not become
deaf and blind to the advice being given

SURAH AL SAF:
THEME: Its theme is to exhort the Muslims to adopt sincerity in Faith and to
struggle with their lives in the cause of Allah. It is addressed to the Muslims with
weak faith as well as those who had entered Islam with a false profession of the
Faith and also those who were sincere in their profession. Some verses are
addressed to the first two groups, some only to the hypocrites, and some only to
the sincere Muslims.
MEANING:
1. Whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is on the earth glorifies Allah.
And He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.
2. O you who believe! Why do you say that which you do not do?
3. Most hateful it is with Allah that you say that which you do not do.
4. Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His Cause in rows (ranks) as if they were a
solid structure.
5. And (remember) when Musa (Moses) said to his people: "O my people! Why do
you hurt me while you know certainly that I am the Messenger of Allah to you?
So, when they turned away (from the Path of Allah), Allah turned their hearts
away (from the Right Path). And Allah guides not the people who are Fasiqun
(rebellious, disobedient to Allah).
6. And (remember) when 'Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), said: "O Children of
Israel! I am the Messenger of Allah unto you confirming the Taurat [(Torah) which
came] before me, and giving glad tidings of a Messenger to come after me, whose
name shall be Ahmed. But when he (Ahmed i.e. Muhammad) came to them with
clear proofs, they said: "This is plain magic."
7. And who does more wrong than the one who invents a lie against Allah, while
he is being invited to Islam? And Allah guides not the people who are Zalimun
(polytheists, wrong-doers and disbelievers) folk.
8. They intend to put out the Light of Allah (i.e. the religion of Islam, this Qur'an,
and Prophet Muhammad) with their mouths. But Allah will complete His Light
even though the disbelievers hate (it).
9. He it is Who has sent His Messenger (Muhammad) with guidance and the
religion of truth (Islamic Monotheism) to make it victorious over all (other)
religions even though the Mushrikun (polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and
disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammed ) hate (it).
10. O You who believe! Shall I guide you to a commerce that will save you from a
painful torment.
11. That you believe in Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad), and that you
strive hard and fight in the Cause of Allah with your wealth and your lives, that
will be better for you, if you but know!
12. (If you do so) He will forgive you your sins, and admit you into Gardens under
which rivers flow, and pleasant dwelling in Gardens of 'Adn - Eternity ['Adn (Edn)
Paradise], that is indeed the great success.
13. And also (He will give you) another (blessing) which you love, help from Allah
(against your enemies) and a near victory. And give glad tidings (O Muhammad)
to the believers.
14. O you who believe! Be you helpers (in the Cause) of Allah as said 'Iesa (Jesus),
son of Maryam (Mary), to Al-Hawariun (the disciples): "Who are my helpers (in
the Cause) of Allah?" Al-Hawarieen (the disciples) said: "We are Allah's helpers"
(i.e. we will strive in His Cause!). Then a group of the Children of Israel believed,
and a group disbelieved. So, We gave power to those who believed against their
enemies, and they became the uppermost.