MAT1014 CALCULUS

LIST OF FORMULAE FOR FINAL EXAM

Derivatives

dy dy
Function, y Derivative, Function, y Derivative,
dx dx
f ( x) f ( x) g ( x) − f ( x) g( x)
n n −1
x nx g ( x)  g ( x ) 
2

ax a x ln a f ( g ( x )) f  ( g ( x )) g ( x )
n −1
 f ( x )  n  f ( x )  f ( x)
n
ex ex
sin x cos x sinh x cosh x
cos x − sin x cosh x sinh x
2
tan x sec x tanh x sech 2 x
cot x − csc2 x coth x − csch 2 x
sec x sec x tan x sech x − sech x tanh x
csc x − csc x cot x csch x − csch x coth x
1 1
log a x sinh −1 x
x ln a x2 + 1
1 1
ln x cosh −1 x
x x2 −1
1 1
sin −1 x , −1  x  1 tanh −1 x
1− x 2
1 − x2
1 1
cos −1 x , −1  x  1 − sech −1 x −
1 − x2 x 1 − x2
1 1
tan −1 x csch −1 x −
1 + x2 x 1 + x2
1
f ( x) g ( x) f ( x) g( x) + f ( x) g ( x) coth −1 x
1 − x2

Definition of Derivative

f ( x + h) − f ( x)
f  ( x ) = lim
h→0 h

Rate of Change
dy dy dx
= 
dt dx dt
Newton’s Method

f ( xn )
xn +1 = xn −
f  ( xn )

Integration

Function, y  ydx Function, y  ydx

( ax + b )
n +1
1 1 x
( ax + b ) , +C tan −1 + C
n
n  −1
a ( n + 1) a2 + x2 a a

m ax + b 1 1 x
m ax + b +C − coth −1 + C
a ln m x − a2
2
a a

e ax + b 1 x
eax +b +C
a − x2
2
sin −1
a
+C
a
1
sin ( ax + b )
1 x
− cos ( ax + b ) + C sinh −1 +C
a a + x2
2
a
1
cos ( ax + b )
1 x
sin ( ax + b ) + C cosh −1 +C
a x −a 2 2
a

tan ( ax + b )
1 x a2
− ln cos ( ax + b ) + C a2 + x2 a2 + x2 + ln x + a 2 + x 2 + C
a 2 2
a2
cot ( ax + b )
1 x x
ln sin ( ax + b ) + C a −x 2 2 a 2 − x 2 + sin −1 + C
a 2 2 a
a2
sec 2 ( ax + b )
1 x
tan ( ax + b ) + C x2 − a2 x2 − a2 − ln x + x 2 − a 2 + C
a 2 2
sin n x , n −1
csc 2 ( ax + b )
1 1
−
a
cot ( ax + b ) + C
n = 2, 3, 4...
− cos x sin n −1 x +
n n 
sin n − 2 xdx

cos n x , n −1
sec ( ax + b ) tan ( ax + b )
1 1
a
sec ( ax + b ) + C
n = 2,3, 4,... n
sin x cos n −1 x +
n 
cos n − 2 xdx

tan n x ,
csc ( ax + b ) cot ( ax + b )
1 1
−
a
csc ( ax + b ) + C
n = 2,3, 4,... n −1 
tan n −1 x − tan n − 2 xdx

f ( x ) g ( x ) dx −  f ' ( x ) g ( x ) dx dx
f ( x) g ( x)
  
1 1
ln ax + b + C
ax + b a  

Trapezoidal Rule

xn − x1
f ( x ) dx  
f ( x1 ) + f ( xn ) + 2  f ( x2 ) + f ( x3 ) + f ( x4 ) + ... + f ( xn −1 )  
xn
x1 2 ( n − 1)
Simpson’s Rule

xn − x1  f ( x1 ) + f ( xn ) + 4  f ( x2 ) + f ( x4 ) + ... + f ( xn −1 )  
f ( x ) dx 
xn
x1

3 ( n − 1)  +2  f ( x3 ) + f ( x5 ) + ... + f ( xn − 2 ) 


   

Area

b
A =  ydx
a

Volume

b
V =   y 2 dx
a

Average Value of a Function

1
f ( x ) dx
b
f ave = 
b−a a

Identities

Trigonometric Hyperbolic
cos x + sin x = 1
2 2
cosh 2 x − sinh 2 x = 1
sec 2 x − tan 2 x = 1 sech 2 x + tanh 2 x = 1
csc2 x − cot 2 x = 1 csch 2 x − coth 2 x = −1
sin 2 x = 2 sin x cos x sinh 2 x = 2 sinh x cosh x
cos 2 x = 2 cos 2 x − 1 cosh 2 x = cosh 2 x + sinh 2 x
= cos 2 x − sin 2 x = 2 cosh 2 x − 1
= 1 − 2 sin 2 x = 1 + 2 sinh 2 x
2 tan x 2 tanh x
tan 2 x = tanh 2 x =
1 − tan 2 x 1 + tanh 2 x
sin ( x  y ) = sin x cos y  cos x sin y sinh ( x  y ) = sinh x cosh y  cosh x sinh y
cos ( x  y ) = cos x cos y sin x sin y cosh ( x  y ) = cosh x cosh y  sinh x sinh y
tan x  tan y tanh x  tanh y
tan ( x  y ) = tanh ( x  y ) =
1 tan x tan y 1  tanh x tanh y

~ END OF LIST OF FORMULAE~