EMTECH NOTES

WHAT IS EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES (EMTEC)?

Some definitions from the Internet:
• To empower the world with the use of technology
• Updated and/or upgraded in almost a timely manner
• Make almost all our work faster and more accurate
• In the aspect of information and/or communication
WHAT IS INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
(ICT)
• I is for INFORMATION
• C is for COMMUNICATION
• T is for TECHNOLOGY or TECHNOLOGIES
• To understand ICT, one must understand each of three concepts first
• Some definitions of ICT omits the and word in between information and
communication but it is still the same
Information means many things, depending on the context:
• Scientifically, it is a processed data
• It can be used to aid decision making
• It could be visualized as a commodity, which could be or solid
• It is any potentially useful fact, quantity or value that can be expressed
uniquely with exactness
COMMUNICATION
• Refers to the transfer or exchange of information from one entity to
another
• e.g. person, computer, smart phone, etc.
• or from one place to another
• Communication has taken place when an action produce a reaction
• whether positive or negative
• Others have defined communication as:
• A process, the transfer of information, ideas, thoughts and messages
• It involves a sender, a receiver, via a code and/or a language that is
understood by both the sender and receiver
TECHNOLOGY
• Refers to the use of scientific knowledge to invent tools that assist humans
in their efforts to overcome environmental hazards and impediments to
comfort
• In this regard, it refers to digital technology
• Computer (hardware and software)
• Telephone (cell phone, smart phone)
• Television
• Etc.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
• ICT is all the uses of digital technology that uses information and
communication
• No universally accepted definition apart from the acronym
• Concepts, methods and applications of ICT is constantly evolving
• On an almost on a daily basis
• Very difficult to keep up
• Very expensive to keep up
• Covers any product that will process information electronically in a digital
form (e.g. personal computers digital television, email, robots, etc.)
• It is concerned with the acquisition, analysis, manipulation, storage and
distribution of information (communication)
• The way these different uses can work with each other
Definition of EMTEC from DepEd:
• Information and communication technologies as a tool for curating,
contextualizing, collaborating, and creating content and experiences for
learning in the professional tracks
Meaning:
• EMTEC uses ICT as a tool
INTRODUCTION TO PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS
• There are a lot of productivity tool types, these tools
include:
• Scheduling, calendar, database, word processing, presentations
(presentation graphics), spreadsheets, etc.
• Multimedia tools is a sub category of productivity tools
• What productivity tools will this course cover:
• Word Processing, spreadsheets and presentations
WORD PROCESSING
•Word Processing
• General term of program : Word Processor
• File: Document , divided into: Page
• Examples:
• Microsoft Word
• Google Docs
• LibreOffice Writer
PRESENTATIONS (PRESENTATION GRAPHICS)
• Presentation / presentation graphics
• General term of program : Presentation
• File: Presentation , divided into: Slide
Examples:
• Microsoft PowerPoint
• Google Slides
• LibreOffice Impress
SPREADSHEETS
• Spreadsheet
• General term of program: Spreadsheet
• File: Workbook , divided into: Spreadsheet / Sheet
Examples:
• Microsoft Excel
• Google Sheets
• LibreOffice Calc
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS (SUB CATEGORY)
• Multimedia means:
- using more than one medium of expression or communication
- the use of a variety of artistic or communicative media
• In the context of ICT multimedia tools refer for applications that allow the
user to do:
- image processing (both 2D and 3D), 3D graphics, audio processing, video
processing, etc.
What multimedia tools will this course cover:
• 2D image processing
• 3D graphics
- Object modelling
- Scene (camera, lighting, etc.) setup
- Object rigging
• Audio and video will be covered in the MIL course
2D IMAGE PROCESSING WITH GIMP
• GIMP: GNU Image Manipulation Program
• A free and open source image editor
• A cross platform image editor available for GNU/Linux, OS X, Windows
and more operating systems
• It is free software, you can change its source code and distribute your
changes
• https://www.gimp.org/
3D GRAPHICS WITH BLENDER
• Blender
• A free and open source 2D and 3D graphics suite
• Allows 2D as well as 3D modeling, rigging, animation, simulation,
rendering, compositing and motion tracking
• Also includes video editing and game creation (via game engine)
• https://www.blender.org/
KEYBOARDS
• QWERTY Keyboard
- Named after the 6 letters keys at the top row keys of the keyboard
• US 101 keyboard or US keyboard (current)
- Named after the 101 keys on a keyboard
MIT LISP / SYMBOLICS SPACE CADET KEYBOARD, 100 KEYS

SYMBOLICS KEYBOARD, 78 KEYS

IBM PC KEYBOARD (PC/XT), 83 KEYS

IBM PC KEYBOARD (PC/AT), 84 KEYS

MODERN KEYBOARD / US 101, 101 KEYS (W/O WIN KEYS)

WHY ARE ALL THE KEYS IN THE KEYBOARD MIXED UP?

• The QWERTY keyboard is patterned like the typewriter
• The typewriter keys are being mixed up the way it is, is to speed up typing
while slowing down the typist
• The keys gets jammed if the typist went too fast
THE ART OF TYPING / KEYBOARDING
• Learning to use the keyboard properly helps you to use the computer
more efficiently
• The best way to use a keyboard is with both hands
THE QWERTY KEYBOARD (US), AREA MOSTLY USED

THE KEYBOARD AND YOUR FINGERS, FINGERS KEYS MAP

 FINGE KEYBO HOME OTHER TOP- BOTTO NUMBE
R ARD KEYS HOME- ROW M-ROW R-ROW
CODE ROW KEYS KEYS KEYS
KEYS
Left L4 A Q LEFT `1
pinky SHIFT
finger Z
Left ring L3 S W X 2
finger
Left L2 D E C 3
middle
finger
Left L1 F G RT VB 45
index
finger
Left LT SPACE
thumb BAR
Right RT SPACE
thumb BAR
Right R1 J H YU NM 67
index
finger
Right R2 K I , 8
middle
finger
Right R3 L O . 9
ring
finger
Right R4 ; ‘\ P[] / 0-=
pinky ENTER RIGHT BACKS
finger SHIFT PACE

WHAT IS A SPREADSHEET / SPREADSHEET PRODUCTIVITY

TOOL?
• A computer application for organization, analysis and storage of data in
tabular form (columns and rows)
• MS Excel, LibreOffice Calc, Google Sheets, etc.
• Originally developed as computerized analogs of paper accounting sheets /
worksheets of a ledger
• It operates on the data entered in cells of a table / a grid of cells
SPREADSHEET / WORKBOOK
• A spreadsheet also referred to as a workbook
• The electronic file of a spreadsheet productivity tool
• The term workbook is used by Microsoft® Excel® , while spreadsheet is
the general term and is used by other spreadsheet productivity tools like,
LibreOffice Calc and Google Sheets
• To simplify things, the term workbook will be used
• A spreadsheet / workbook is divided into sheets also referred to as
worksheets
• The term worksheet is used by Microsoft® Excel® , while sheet is the
general term and is used by other spreadsheet productivity tools like,
LibreOffice Calc and Google Sheets
• To simplify things, the term worksheets will be used
CELLS IN SPREADSHEETS
• A table cell (or just cell) is the intersection of a column and a row
• A cell can be thought of as a box for holding a value
• There are three concepts of cells:
- Content
- Display
- Address / name / reference
CELL CONTENTS
• Each cell may contain either a literal value or a formula
• A literal value can either be a numeric value or a text value
• A formula always starts with an equal sign (=) can either be:
• Simple operations (like addition, subtraction, etc.),
• Functions ( like SUM, AVERAGE, IF, etc.), or
• The combination of both simple operations and functions
• The result / output of a formula will follow the rule of displaying a literal
value
CELL DISPLAY
• Numeric values are displayed right aligned by default; e.g. numbers,
dates, etc.
- 123456
- 123.45
- 2020 12 31
• Text values, sometimes referred to as strings, are displayed left aligned by
default
- Juan Jose Jasper Dela Cruz
CELL REFERENCES
• Cells have addresses it is referred to as cell references
• A cell reference (address) is named / addressed / referenced by its column
and row
• Columns are named / addressed / referenced with letters (A~Z, AA~ZZ,
etc.)
• Rows are named / addressed / referenced with numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.)
TYPES OF CELL REFERENCES
• Relative cell references
- Relative column with relative row (e.g. C1)
• Absolute cell references
• By preceding the column or row use of a dollar sign ($)
- Absolute column with relative row (e.g. $C1)
- Relative column with absolute row (e.g. C$1)
- Absolute column with absolute row (e.g. $C$1)
OPERATORS AND ITS PRECEDENCE
• When you create a spreadsheet formula, you use the functions and/or
arithmetic operators that define operations such as:
- Subtraction
- Addition
- Division
- Multiplication
- Et cetera
OPERATORS AND ITS PRECEDENCE
• When multiple operations occur in a single formula, these operations are
evaluated based on their precedence
• The operation precedence is sometimes referred of as MDAS, from the
operations:
- Multiplication
- Division
- Addition
- Subtraction
OPERATOR PRECEDENCE
Operator Description
() Operator group, e.g. (1+ 10);
includes functions
: Cell reference ranges, e.g. A1:C2
, Cell reference unions
(enumerations), e.g.
A1,A2,B1,B2,C1,C2
- Negation, e.g. -1
% Percentage
^ Exponentiation, e.g. 10 9 is written
as 10^9
* and / Multiplication and division
 + and - Addition and subtraction
& Concatenation, used to add two
texts (strings) together
=, <, >, >=, <=, and <> Logical comparisons, e.g. Equals,
Greater Than, Less Than, Greater
Than or Equal To, Less Than or
Equal To, and Not Equal To

• When two or more operators of the same level are on the same formula, it
is evaluated in left to right order
• e.g.
=4+8*3-6
8 * 3, with a result of 24
4 + 24, with a result of 28
28-6, with the final result of 22
• So to avoid confusion, on your part at least
• Always group / enclose an operation using the parenthesis, ( and)
• e.g.
=4+8*3-6 with a result of 22
=4+(8*3)-6 with a result of 22
=(4+8)*3-6 with a result of 30
=(4+8)*(3-6) with a result of 36
RENAMING A WORKSHEET
1. Select / highlight the name of the worksheet (e.g. Sheet1)
• Double click on the worksheet tab / worksheet name
• In LibreOffice Calc, a dialog box will pop up
2. While the name of the worksheet still selected / highlighted, replace it
with the new one
CELL GRIDLINES
• Cell gridlines can be hidden or shown
• In Excel, checked (show) or unchecked (hide) Gridlines from the Show
group of the VIEW ribbon
• In LibreOffice Calc, selected (show) or unselected (hide) View Grid Lines
from the View menu
• In Google Sheets, checked (show) or unchecked (hide) Gridlines from the
View menu
ERRORS / WARNINGS
#######
• Could not display or format the content; column width is too narrow
• Fix: Adjust (widen) column width
#VALUE!
• Invalid value; converting non dates or numbers
• Fix: Make sure your dates / numbers are correctly formatted
#NAME?
• Could not find the name; spelling mistake / typo
• Fix: Double check your formula and fix the error
#DIV/0!
• Divide by Zero; denominator is zero
• Fix: Use IF function in the formula to safe divide
#NUM!
• Invalid number; number too high or too low
• Fix: Check your calculation
#N/A
• Not Applicable; when VLOOKUP can't find what you want
• Fix: Make sure your list has the value you are looking for. Use IFERROR
or IFNA to fix