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What is Nursing management Process?

Nursing Management • Nursing management process is the act of

planning, organizing, directing and controlling
Process towards a transformative and reflective patient
care.

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Planning Planning Pre determined

action

• Is a management function concerned with defining

goals for future organizational performance and
deciding on the task and resources to be used in order Who is to do it?
What to do?
to attain those goals. Nursing activities
How to do it?
Professional, non
Techniques, principles
professional
• Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do
a particular task ,when to do it, and who will do it.

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Good Planning
• Involves a continuous process of assessment,
establishment of goals and objectives,
implementation and evaluation of change as new
facts become known.
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Plans
• A plan is a living document which can be changed based on the
prevailing circumstances. It is a predetermined course of action
intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a task work or
mission.
• Characteristics of a plan:
• 1. Involve the future
• 2. Involve action
• 3. have an organizational identification of the
action
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Poor Planning
• Is the failure to set goals make assessment or provide for
implementation or to anticipate any possible change in
circumstances. Some indicators of poor planning are:
• 1. Delivery dates are not met
• 2. Machines are idle
• 3. Material is wasted
• 4. Some nurses are overworked, others are underworked.
• 5. Skilled nurses are doing unskilled work
• 6. Nurses are fumbling on jobs for which they have not been trained.
• 7. There is quarrelling, bickering, buck-passing, and confusion
Types of Plan
• 1. Strategic Plan: is one that asks the vital question: what are
the right things to do?
• Around 3-5 years, long term in nature, based on strength and
weaknesses.
• It defines the direction and growth of the organization.
• Prepared by the upper level of management.
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Types of Plan Types of Plan

• 2. Operational plans: pertains to activities in specific
department of an organization.
• Answer the question “how does one do things right”?
• It deals with tactics or techniques for accomplishing these
things.
• Shorter in time frame, involve the middle and lower-level
managers.
• 3. Continuous or rolling plans: similar to
operating plans, involves mapping out the day to
day activities
• This are task of staff nurses who has to devise
and implement the nursing care plan for the
patients.

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Reasons for Planning Resistance to planning

• 1. it leads to success in the achievement of goals and
objectives.
• 2. it provides for the effective use of available personnel and
facilities
• 3. it helps nurses cope with crises and problems calmly and
efficiently
• 4. it reduces the element of change
• 5. Overall it is necessary for effective control
• Lack of the following
• 1. the knowledge of the philosophy, goals and operations of the
organization
• 2. understanding of the significance of planning
• 3. proper appreciation of use of time for planning
• 4. Confidence and fear of failure
• 5. Openness to change
• 6. Willingness to engage in new activities
• 7. Insights into the exigencies of the situation

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Elements of Planning
• 1.Forecast or estimate the future
• 2. Set objectives and goals
• 3. Developing strategies and setting the time
frame
• 4. Preparing the budget and allocation of
resources
• 5. Establishing policies procedures and standards
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Consequences of mismanaged time
• work is rushed and becomes substandard
• deadlines are missed
• bad choices are made
• deadlines are missed
• employees suffer from fatigue
• nurses personal lives are affected
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Elements of Planning
• Time management: Is the efficient allocation of time,
which can be done through setting of goals, assigning
priorities, and identifying and avoiding possible waste of
time. It means finding the most efficient way to do it.
•
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Principles of time management
• Planning for contingencies
• Listing of task (Calendar of activities)
• Inventory of activities
• Sequencing, prioritizing of activities
• Setting and keeping deadlines
• Deciding on how time will be spent
• Delegate
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Tools in project management Elements of Planning

• 1. Gantt chart • 4. Budgeting: is a systematic financial translation of a
• 2. Performance evaluation and review technique plan, the allocation of scarce resources on the basis of
(PERT) forecasted needs for proposed activities over a
specified period of time.
• 3. Critical path method (CPM)
• 4. Preparation of Budget and allocation of resources
• 5. establishing procedures policies and standard.

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Types of Budgeting
Classification of budget • 1. Basic Types of Budgeting
• Centralized Budget
• 1. Nursing budget • Decentralized Budget
• 2. Hospital budget • 2. Types of Institutional Budget depending on management
philosophy
• 3. Budget plan: simply a plan for future activities consist of: • 1. Open ended budget
• a. Revenue budget • 2. Fixed ceiling budget
• b. expense budget • 3. Flexible budget
• c. capital budget • 4. Performance Budget
• 5. Program Budget
• d. cash budget
• 6. Zero- based budget
• 7. Sunset budget

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Components of Total Institutional Budget
• 1. Manpower budget
• 2. Capital Expenditure budget
• 3. Operating budget
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Factors in Budget Planning
• 1. Types of patient
• 2. Kind or class of the hospital
• 3. Policies on personnel and equipment
• 4. Standard of Nursing Care
• 5. Nursing Supervision
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Benefits of Budgeting Process
• 1. Planning
• 2. Coordination
• 3. Comprehensive control
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Tools in Budgeting and Management of Resources
• 1, Budgeting process of the organization
• 2. Number of full time equivalent of nurses necessary to staff
the unit
• 3. Compute the salary and non salary budget including
increases and other various factors
• 4. Monitor vacancies over the budget period and identify
negative variances
• 5. Understand the extraneous factors
• 6. Encourage staff to monitor resources
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Elements of Planning Models of Planning

• 1. basic model
• 5. Establish Policies Procedures and Standard
• 2. issue-based or goal-based model
• Policies: standing plans used repeatedly or
• 3. alignment model
guides or basic rules that govern action
• 4. scenario planning
• Procedures: more specific guide ro action than • 5. organic planning
policy • 6. functional planning
• Standards: the minimal level of achievement • 7. cross-sectional planning
acceptable to meet the set objectives • 8. operational planning

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Basic Strategic Planning Issue – based or Goal-based planning

• Suited to small organization with high volume of work but limited to
no strategic planning.
• Use the model on its early operation (first year)
• Planning is carried out by top level of management who identifies
Purpose or mission statement
• Goals
• Approaches or strategies needed to reach the goal
• Action plan to implement the strategy
• Monitoring and updating of the plan
• Consist of the following activities:
• 1. SWOT analysis
• 2. Prioritize issues and goals
• 3. Designing strategies to address issues goals
• 4. Updating the organization vision, mission and values
• 5. Establishment of action plan
• 6. Documentation of issues, goals, strategies, or programs
• 7. Development of yearly operating plan
• 8. Development and implementation of the budget plan
• 9. Conduct of the year one operation
• 10. Monitoring, reviewing, evaluating and updating the Strategic plan

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Alignment model
• It is geared towards ensuring that the organization’s
resources are aligned with its mission for effective
operation.
• Useful for organization that needs to fine tune or
rework their strategies or current approach or for
organization with internal issues.
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• Cross-sectional Planning: focuses on managing the external
effects on outputs of a function. It brings together activities
of various functional group in support of a single project. It
is geared towards moving work from one functional
organization to another.
• Operational planning: defines how one will implement the
action agreed upon and monitoring all aspects of the plan.
An operational plan incorporates all other plans past and
present to come up with a wholistic implementation of the
plan .
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Scenario Planning
• Identify possible scenarios that the organization may face
• Useful in identifying goals that maybe used to ensure
concrete solutions to problems
Organic or Self Organizing Planning: naturalistic in orientation,
requiring repeated reference to common cultural values within
the organization
Functional Planning: defines tasks which maybe assigned to
individuals; produces clear final outputs to similarly oriented
organizations, track internal operations, allows for additional
program requirements, and allows for managing competing
priorities from multiple programs.
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• THANK YOU !!!!!
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