PENIEL MATRICULATION HIGHER

SECONDARY SCHOOL

CHEMISTRY-PROJECT

POLLUTION

PREPARED BY:
NAME:K.P.KISHORE
STD:XI-A
ROLL NO:9
SYNOPSIS:

 INTRODUCTION
 POLLUTION
 KINDS OF POLLUTION
 AIR POLLUTION
 WATER POLLUTION
 SOIL POLLUTION
 EFFECTS OF POLLUTION IN
HUMAN HEALTH
 DIFFERENT METHODS TO
REDUCE AIR POLLUTION
 CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION:
Pollution has become a very common yet
serious issue in today’s world. It has been there
in different forms since a long time even before
human evolution such as volcanic eruptions,
wildfire which lead to various photochemical
reactions in the atmosphere. The current
concern is that it is rising day by day due to
various resources of pollutants. And, one of the
main pollutants are humans and man-made
machines. It is right to say that pollution is
damaging the mother earth severely and we,
humans, should play our part to prevent it from
happening.

“ POLLUTION SHOULD NEVER BE

THE
PRICE OF PROSPERITY’’
POLLUTION:
Pollution sepsis is the presence of
contaminants in the natural environment that causes
harm and damage and therefore leads to adverse
changes. Pollution is the introduction of harmful
materials into the environment. These harmful
materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be
natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be
created by human activity, such as trash or runoff
produced by factories.

“BE A PART OF SOLLUTION

NOT THE PART OF POLLUTION”
Kinds of Pollution
There are mainly three kinds of pollution
1) AIR POLLUTION
2) WATER POLLUTION
3) SOIL POLLUTION
 Air Pollution
Air Pollution occurs due to the presence
of harmful gases and substances in the air. It is
due to vehicle emission, dust and dirt, poisonous
gasses from the factories etc. To reduce air
pollution, we should use carpooling or public
transport rather than using our private mode of
transportation whose harmful gas emission only
adds to the problem, we should also actively
avoid burning trash or other materials etc.

“STOP AIR POLLUTION IF YOU

WANT CLEAN AIR TO BREATHE”

 Water Pollution
 Water Pollution happens when toxic
substances get mixed in various water bodies
such as lakes, oceans, rivers etc. Here toxic
substances refer to the Chemical fertilizer,
Industrial waste, Sewage and wastewater,
Mining activities, Marine dumping etc.

“We don’t have enough water to

WASTE”
 Soil Pollution:
Soil pollution depicts the contamination of
soil due to the presence of toxic substances due
to Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides,
deforestation, industrial waste etc. To maintain
the soil’s fertility, the government must limit the
usage of fertilizers and plant more trees.
There are a few other pollutants causing
pollution apart from the aforementioned ones,
such as radioactive pollution. This is one of the
rarer types of pollution. It occurs due to the
presence of radioactive substances such as the
presence of nuclear waste in air, solids, liquids
or any other place.

“ A NATION DESTROY ITS SOIL

ITSELF ”
EFFECTS OF POLLUTION IN HUMAN
HEALTH:
Effects of pollution on Human Health are
extremely alarming. There are many diseases that
can bring about a host of potentially fatal illnesses.
From chronic bronchitis to lung cancer, air pollution
has the potential to raise the risk of illness. Air
pollution and its link to the respiratory system is
quite obvious. However, air pollution is also known
to affect the circulatory system and the nervous
system. When particular matter enters the nasal
cavity, the lining gets irritated and the body may
mistake it for an infection. This causes an
inflammatory response, which can result in the
exacerbation of any pre-existing conditions.

“Pollution- if you don’t kill it

It will kill you”
Due to Air Pollution:
Air is an essential part of human life. Humans
cannot live without breathing air. But, air pollution
causes major damage to human lives. Here are some
of the major diseases caused due to air pollution.
 Lung cancer
 Major coronary heart disease
 Asthma
 Respiratory problems

Due to Water Pollution:

Water is another source of life. Any living
being cannot survive without drinking water. But the
continuous degradation and pollution of major water
bodies are also causing deadly diseases to humans
and animals. It is also affecting marine life. Since
water is consumed all the time, it’s pollution is
causing a lot of deadly diseases. Some of the major
diseases caused by water pollution are as follows:
 Cholera
 Hepatitis A
 Typhoid
 Polio
 Dysentery
Due to Soil Pollution:
Soil is an important part of our lives. The land on
which we are walking or travelling is made with soil. Due
to all the chemicals mixed with the soil and degradation
due to the same, it is inevitable that many harmful
chemicals come in contact with our body and cause many
skin diseases or in forms of food crops that are planted on
such polluted soil. Direct contact can cause a lot of
problems for us humans. Some of the major diseases
caused due to soil pollution are as follows:
 Different types of cancer
 Leukaemia
 Damage of the nervous system due to contact
with lead present in the soil.
 liver and kidney failure
Different Methods to Reduce Pollution:

The degrading quality of all the important

elements like air, water and soil is affecting the lives
of many children, adults as well as animals. We need
to keep our environment safe and use effective
methods to reduce pollution.

Methods to reduce Air Pollution:

 Regulation of air through chimneys:
The industries should disintegrate the harmful gas
from the air prior to its release from the chimneys.
They should check and avoid using harmful gases,
which are the major causes of air pollution.

Use of public transport or cycle:

If you are travelling to distant places, it is
recommended to take public transport. Or if you are
going to any shops or buying any garment, it is
always better to use your cycle. Public transport can
take you to different places along with other people;
this will help reduce air pollution. If you can cycle,
it will reduce air pollution and another added benefit
is that it will keep your health in check.
Methods to Reduce Water Pollution:
 Avoid disposing of plastic and
wastematerials:
To keep the water free from any pollution, the
first thing is to avoid disposing of any sort of
plastics or food waste water material in water.
 The waste materials get dissolved in the water
and harm the aquatic life along with those who
drink the water. 

How to Reduce Pollution Gradually?

Upon learning about the harmful effects of
pollution, it is everyone’s responsibility to take some
steps towards prevention. We should be aware of all
the possible preventive measures to help reduce
every kind of pollution such as to curb air pollution,
we should avoid bursting crackers during any
festival or using public transport or carpool to
reduce air pollution or cutting down the usage of
loud loudspeaker, and public honking would help in
noise pollution. We should always be aware of this
situation and take measures accordingly. It’s us who
should be cautious in the beginning and make
everyone else surrounding us conscious as well. We
should take eco-friendly steps like planting more
trees, reducing the usage of plastic, using more
sustainable products in the household etc. while
talking about the pollution of the entire world, you
should always remember that every small step will
lead to a bigger impact one day.
Conclusion:
In a nutshell, every kind of pollution
leaves a huge negative impact on our
environment, human lives, animals etc. We, as
responsible citizens, must take steps towards a
better tomorrow. We must join hands to take
various initiatives and fight against this problem.
A lot of innocent lives are put in danger due to
pollution every day. If we don’t do anything from
now on or take a stand to make the earth
pollution-free, then the doomsday will be upon
us very soon.
“BE THE PART OF
SOLUTION
NOT THE PART OF
POLLUTION”