HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT

DEFINITION OF POLLUTANTS

We all know and can agree that the world is a beautiful place ,but due to the harmfulday to day activities
that are mainly done by humans the world is becoming more polluted each day .Pollutants are substances
or materials which impacts the environment and its creatures ina a negatiive way hampering the quality of
life on earth.
 SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS

There are various types of pollutants present in the environment which have adverse effects on the environment,
and many things that are useful to people produce pollution. Cars spew pollutants from their exhaust pipes.
Burning coal to create electricity pollutes the air. Industries and homes generate garbage and sewage that can
pollute the land and water. Pesticides are chemical poisons used to kill weeds and insects and are often seep into
waterways and harm wildlife.
 AIR AND WATER POLLUTION AND THE EFFECTS IT HAS ON HUMANS

The three major types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. However, my group and I
will be focusing on air and water pollution and the effects it has on humans.
 Air Pollution

Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to
the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials.

Exposure to air pollution can affect everyone's health. When we breathe in air pollutants, they can enter our
bloodstream and contribute to coughing or itchy eyes and cause or worsen many breathing and lung diseases,
leading to hospitalizations, cancer, or even premature death.
 Water Pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances that make the water unusable for
drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities.

More than 50 kinds of diseases are caused by poor drinking water quality, and 80% of diseases and 50% of child
deaths are related to poor drinking water quality in the world. However, water pollution causes diarrhea, skin
diseases, malnutrition, and even cancer, and other diseases related to water pollution.
 WAYS TO CONTROL AIR POLLUTION

Using public transports

● Using public transport is a sure short way of contributing to less air pollution as it provides less gas and energy, even
carpools contribute to it. In addition to less release of fuels and gas, using public transport can also help in saving
money. Lesser vehicles on roads will contribute to lesser emissions.

Use of fans instead of Air Conditioner

● The usage of ACs takes a lot of energy and emits a lot of heat which is bad for the environment. ACs also take a lot of
power and energy to work as compared to fans.
 WAYS TO CONTROL WATER POLLUTION

Report Water Polluters:

● Many cases of illegal waste disposal and other forms of water pollution go unreported and often aren’t
cleaned up. Report people who pour oil in storm drains, toss bags of trash in a stream, and so on.

Dispose of Garbage Properly :

● Many people tend to litter bodies of water by throwing their garbage in trash cans, which can reduce
water pollution.
 WAYS TO PURIFY AIR

The following techniques are applied at purifying particles from a polluted air flow:

● Sedimentation chamber (Gravity separator)-Gravity separation or sedimentation is the step in conventional water
treatment systems that follows flocculation and precedes filtration. Its purpose is to enhance the filtration process by
removing particulate matter.
● Cyclone separator-A cyclone dust separator is a device used in industrial environments for the separation of solid
particles from contaminated gas streams.
 WAYS TO PURIFY WATER
There are several methods used in the water purification process, which include:
physical processes, such as filtration- filtration removes the impurities from water, nearly eliminating the risk from any debris or
particles that might have been present. This results in filtered water that is cleaner and purer than in its original state, making it safe
for use in ballast tanks, industrial systems, and much more.

chemical processes, such as flocculation-Flocculation is a water treatment process where solids form larger clusters, or flocs, to be
removed from water.

chlorination-Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to kill parasites, bacteria, and viruses.