Article 50 explanation

first bullet

• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) has been used to clearly designate epoch by avoiding confusing
references to local time systems (zones)
• Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), reckoned from 0000 to 2359 h beginning at midnight, shall
be used for all entries
• Using communication device like Very high Frequency radio or (VHF device) device when
someone page or call in to coastal for allowing to enter the sea borderline they call will be
recorded and will be submitted to the Bureau of Radiocommunication.
• Radiocommunication Bureau track the record of the ship to ensure how they will find or how
they will communicate with this ship if it will be lost or some accident happen.

second bullet
 What is the purpose of voyage data recorder?
The primary purpose of a voyage data recorder (VDR) or a simplified voyage data recorder (S-
VDR) is to maintain a store of information, in a secure and retrievable form, concerning the
position, movement, physical status, command and control of a vessel over the period leading
up to and following an incident.

third bullet
• Certain coast stations, however, may have a service of limited duration. Each administration or
recognized private operating agency duly authorized to that effect fixes the hours of service for
coast stations under its jurisdiction.

ARTICLE 51 “Conditions to be observed in the maritime services”

Section I − Maritime mobile service

 The energy radiated by receiving apparatus shall be reduced to the lowest practical value and
shall not cause harmful interference to other stations.
 Administrations shall take all practicable steps necessary to ensure that the operation of any
electrical or electronic apparatus installed in ship stations does not cause harmful interference
to the essential radio services of stations which are operating in accordance with the provisions
of these Regulations.
- For example: Changes of frequency in the sending and receiving apparatus of any ship
station shall be capable of being made as rapidly as possible.
- Installations of any ship station shall be capable, once communication is established, of
changing from transmission to reception and vice versa in as short a time as possible.
- The operation of a broadcasting service (see No. 1.38) by a ship station at sea is prohibited
- the ship station shall be provided with a device, having a precision equal to at least one-half
of this tolerance, for measuring the frequency of the emission.

The Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) is a unique contact number for locating and identifying
ships digitally. The Maritime Mobile Service Identity acts as a maritime mobile and allows important
communication to be passed over the radio without any hindrance. Maritime Mobile as a Maritime
Mobile Service Identity is used to communicate between radio frequency channels. The nine-digit code
has been divided in such a way that there is no confusion about a ship’s identity, information about a
ship station and whether a ship is being put to use within a particular region or throughout a nation. The
Maritime Mobile Service Identity is bifurcated in such a way that each starting number in the nine-digit
signifies some specific purpose:

If the code starts from 0 then it signifies that communication is for the purpose of identifying individual
or group ship or coast stations, as specified above.

The numeral 1 is never used because of use in some other satellite programming which makes it
completely out of scope of consideration in the maritime mobile

Numerals starting from 2 until 7 signify specific codes called Maritime Identification Digits (MID). MIDs
are basically, geographic areas which help in easy aid for the process of the Maritime Mobile Service
Identity.

– The numeral 2 signifies MID as a maritime mobile identity for Europe

-The numeral 3 denotes MID as a maritime mobile identity for the Caribbean, North and Central America

-The number 4 signifies MID as a maritime mobile identity for Asia

-Number 5 is the maritime mobile identity for Oceana

-Number 6 is the maritime mobile service identity for Africa

-Number 7 denotes MID as a maritime mobile service identity for South America

-The numeral 8 signifies maritime mobile service identity listed as a maritime mobile for the purposes of
regional usage, and

-The number 9 denotes maritime mobile service identity categorized for the purpose of national usage

 Bands between 415 kHz and 535 kHz

The frequency 410 kHz is designated for radio direction-finding in the maritime radionavigation
service. The other radionavigation services to which the band 405-415 kHz is allocated shall not
cause

harmful interference to radio direction-finding in the band 406.5-413.5 kHz.

Bands between 1 606.5 kHz and 4 000 kHz

C4 − Bands between 156 MHz and 174 MHz

VHF maritime mobile band

It uses FM channels in the very high frequency (VHF) radio band in the frequency range between
156 and 174 MHz, inclusive, designated by the International Telecommunication Union as the
VHF maritime mobile band.

CA − Ship stations using narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy

In simple terms, NBDP (Narrow Band Direct Printing) is a telex. A way to communicate
with text rather than by voice. It is said that NBDP was introduced in the GMDSS to
help seafarers whose first language was not English. They did not have to speak to
broadcast their distress message, instead they could type and send

 Ship stations using radiotelephony

- In simple terms, NBDP (Narrow Band Direct Printing) is a telex. A way to
communicate with text rather than by voice. It is said that NBDP was introduced
in the GMDSS to help seafarers whose first language was not English. They did not
have to speak to broadcast their distress message, instead they could type and send
-
 Bands between 156 MHz and 174 MHz
- All ship stations equipped with radiotelephony to work in the authorized bands between
156 MHz and 174 MHz shall be able to send and receive class G3E emissions on
- The distress, safety and calling frequency 156.8 MHz; 51.62
- The primary intership frequency 156.3 MHz; 51.63
- The intership navigation safety frequency 156.65 MHz; 51.64
- all the frequencies necessary for their service.

 Section II − Maritime mobile-satellite service

o Stations on board aircraft may communicate with stations of the maritime mobile or
maritime mobile-satellite services. They shall conform to those provisions of these
Regulations which relate to these services.
o For this purpose stations on board aircraft should use the frequencies allocated to the
maritime mobile or maritime mobile-satellite services.
o In the case of communication between stations on board aircraft and stations of the
maritime mobile service, radiotelephone calling may be renewed as specified in the
most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.1171 and radiotelegraph calling may
be renewed after an interval of five minutes, notwithstanding the procedure contained
in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R M.1170.

 B − Provisions relating to the use of frequencies between 156 MHz and 174 MHz
o Having regard to interference which may be caused by aircraft stations at high
altitudes, frequencies in the maritime mobile bands above 30 MHz shall not be used
by aircraft stations, with the exception of those frequencies between 156 MHz and
174 MHz specified in Appendix 18 which may be used provided that the following
conditions are observed
o a) the altitude of aircraft stations shall not exceed 300 m (1 000 feet), except for
reconnaissance aircraft participating in ice-breaking operations, where an altitude of
450 m (1 500 feet) is allowed; 51.75
o b) the mean power of aircraft station transmitters shall not exceed 5 W; however, a
power of 1 W or less shall be used to the maximum extent possible; 51.76
o c) aircraft stations shall use the channels designated
o except as provided in No. 51.75, aircraft station transmitters shall comply with the
technical characteristics given in Recommendation ITU-R M.489-2;
o the communications of an aircraft station shall be brief and limited to operations in
which stations of the maritime mobile service are primarily involved and where
direct communication between the aircraft and the ship or coast station is required.
o The frequency 156.3 MHz may be used by stations on board aircraft for safety
purposes. It may also be used for communication between ship stations and stations
on board aircraft engaged in coordinated search and rescue operations
o The frequency 156.8 MHz may be used by stations on board aircraft for safety
purposes only (see Appendix 15)