Pharmacology STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET BS NURSING / SECOND YEAR Session 6 LESSON TITLE: ANTINEOPLASTIC! ANTL-CANCER DRUGS) Meant LEARNING OUTCOMES: Notebook, Pharmacology book, Drug handbook ‘Atthe end of the lesson, the nursing student can: Pens & paper 4 Doscrbe the nature of cancer ané changes the body undergoes when cancer occurs; References: 2. Differentiate cell- cycle specific and cell-cycle non= Keo, Joyce LeFever, Hayes, Evelyn R. & specific drugs; ‘MaCuistion E. Pt 3. Identify nursing interventions and client education Process Aporoach 6* edition.. Singapore: Guidelines for administering chemotherapy; Elsevier Saunders Company. ‘4. Enumerate ways the nurse can avoid absorption of chemotherapeutic agents; and, 5. Develop a drug study guide . (therapeutic action, Indication, contraindication, most common adverse feaction And nursirg responsibility ) of antineoplastic. drugs. LESSON REVIEW! PREVIEW OR HOOK ACTIVITY (5 minutes) : SVERYBODY WRITES . What are changes the body undergoes when cancer occurs? SLRS fem yroary haic (ous Less op 4 body pucd weight gcin _ bs aye Urdgh) Elta MAIN LESSON (50 minutes) CANCER 2002" 1 8 group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth withthe potential to. Invade or spread to other parts of the boty. ¢ Types of Cancer * Carcinoma is a cancer that starts inthe skin or the tissues that line other. ‘organs. These are most commonly diagnosed cancers Sarcoma is a cancer of connective tissues such as bones, muscles, cart Leukemia is a cancer of bone marrow, which creates blood cells, Lymphoma and mysloma are cancers ofthe immune system, Melanoma are cancers that arise in the cells that make the pigment inthe skin lage, and blood vessels, This document and the information the 'ereon is the property of PHINMA Education (Department of | ‘Nursing) 1 of 10‘+ Perform a thorough physical assessment (other medications taken, ‘sounds, etc.) tc establish baseline data before drug therapy begins, to evaluate for occurrence of any adverse effects associated ‘with dr + Monitor result of laboratory tests such as CBC with differential to identify possible bone marrow suppression ‘and toxic drug effects and establish appropriate dosing for the drug; and liver and renal function tests to determine need for possible dose adjustment and identify toxic drug effects, orientation and reflexes, vital signs, bowel to determine effectiveness of therapy, and rug therapy, Nursing Diagnoses Here are some of the nursing diagnoses that can be formulated in the use * Acute pain related to GI, CNS, and skin effects of the drug Disturbed body image related to alopecia, skin effects, and impaired fertility Anxiety related to ciagnosis Risk for infection related to bone marrow suppression of these drugs for therapy: Implementation These are vital nursing interventions done in petients who are taking allylatirg egents: ‘+ _ Arrange for blood tests before, periodically during, and for at least 3 weeks after therapy to monitor bone marrow function t2 aid in determining the need for a change in dose or discontinuation of the drug. + Administer medication according to scheduled protocol ar in combination with other drugs as indicated to improve effectiveness, * Ensure that patient is well hydrated to decrease risk of renal toxicity. * Protect the patient from infection; limit invasive immunefinflammatory responses Provide small, frequent meals, frequent mouth care, and di nutrition when Gl effects are severe, * Arrange for proper head covering at extremes of tem Important for maintaining body temperature. Plan for rest periods because fatigue and weakness are common effects of the drug. Procedures when bore marrow suppression limits the patent's jetary consultation as appropriate to maintain perature if alopecia occurs; a wig, scarf, or hat is Evaluation Here are aspects of care that should be evaluated to determine effectiven: ess of drug therapy. ‘+ Monitor patient response to therapy (alleviation of cancer bein 19 treated, palliation of signs and symptoms of cancer). * Monitor for adverse effects (bone marrow suppression, GI toxicity, neurotoxicity, and alopecia, renal or hepatic dysfunction), ‘Evaluate patient understanding on dru: effects to watch for. ‘+ Monitor patient compliance to drug therapy 4g therapy by asking patient to name the drug, its indication, and adverse CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (30 minutes) ‘You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point wil be given to comrect srewer and artother one (1) point for the correct rationalization. Superimpositions or erasures in you answerltatio is not allowed. You are given 25 minutes for this activity: Muttiple Choice Samaperany doo 's usually based on the total body surface. What should the nurse do before administering remothera . Get the body mass index (BMI), - Ask the client about intake and output. 2 8 & Weigh and measure he night ofthe patent onthe day of adnnstraton d. Ask the clignt for the height and weight. Y TT ER EP RSE This document and the information thereon isthe property of PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 7 of 102 The nurse is caring fr of a cient who is receiving @ chemothorapy. Which ofthe following would be expected as.a result of the massive cell destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy? Leukopenia. Anema. RATION AbOnd all the hated, My gee cama L es =: nih. 5 Mtomysin (Mutamycin) is prescribed to a dent with colorectal cancer. All of which are the routes of administration, except Oral intravenous intravesical intraarteriai ANSWER: __Av RATION Tas be uawst Me Joven Ob te dug) nw sik for Ol abmunihak ence - Tocca, i testicular cancer i being treated with Etoposice (Etopophos). Which ofthe following side effect is ‘Speciically associated with this medication? Chest pain Edema Alopecia Orthostatic hy ANSWER: RATION —— Whe ey eeey feel faiches Tg i dee be ata ee zp le A ge hee Fre cinle nurse provides Instructions to @ dient recelving an antineoplastic mecicaion. When implementing the plan, the nurse tells the client to? To drink beverages containing alenhol in moderate amount during the evening To avoid hot foods and high fiber rich foods. To take acetyisalicylic acid as needed for headache. . To consult with health care providers before receiving immunization ANSWER: RATIO: m the oght Dhawan yall lnprove A wit more ly te ook Teh ce ba” The nurse is providing teachings to a clent receiving cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). The nurse tas the client to whic of the following? Eat foods rich in potassium, Increase fluid intake to 2-3 liters per day. Take the medication with food. Eat foods rich in purine. ANSWER: RATIO: “8 Mae fe _gehent ye 2 Nike ef ant gtr sas i aye ay chy os - a tea apes aece 7. The nurse is monitoring a patient raceiving an Iv infusion of an antineoplast complains of pain and redness at the insertion site. The nu Reinsert the IV at a distal the same vein. Increase the flow rate of the medication. Notify the physicia c medication. uring the infusion, the patient should take which actions? Select all that appiy oe his document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) Bof 10tor ice compress to the site. @, Administer an antidote as prescribed. ANSWER: RATIO: ws re wae whet devs, + The nurse is caring fora client receiving chemotherapy when an anaphylactic reaction occurs from the medication, The nurse should take which actions? Select all that apply Stop the medication. Remove the IV line. Administer Oxygen. Administer epinephrine. Positioned the client in a reverse Trendelenburg position, ANSWER:_*UD_ RaTl Mao Wagon Ye nwedtn' a by Vibe typed (eld provide gym red eee ea ee f 9. The nurse is canng for a dlient who is receiving Fiucrouracil (Adrucil). Which of the following symptoms would ecessitate the nurse to immediate discontinuation of the medication? Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, Ataxia Constipation. Insomni iSWER: RATIO: —seeke Stud) Can wate aavle, Geebollar tyndime reddy aseRLA 10. Nausea and vomiting are frequent adverse effects associated with antineoplastis therapy. What should the nurse advise clients experiencing these unpleasart adverse effects? ‘a. Increase intake of dry or high-fiber foods, and foods that have a rough texture. b. Consider relaxation techniques because these symptoms should improve over time c._Use antacids to relieve the irritation to the stomach, which should stop the nausea, 4. Try to maintain hydration and nutrition, which are very important during treatment. ANSWER: PAT aang op yan ded ot ae avery cotal duty ee, wat GUIDED / RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY (15 minutes) ‘Your instructor will now rationalize the answers to you and to your classmates. Pay attention. You can now ask questions. ‘and debate among yourselves for (ten) 10 minutes. Write the correct answer and comectiadditional ratio in the space provided. zarce 1. ANSWER: RATIO: 2. ANSWER: RATIO: 3. ANSWER: RATIO: PA TPT RT AIT PITT Zhis document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) 9 of 1010. ANSWER: RATIO. LESSON WRAP-UP (5 minutes) ‘You will now mark (encircie) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you track how much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left to do ‘You are done with the session! Let's track your progress, Period 1 Pariod 2 Period 3 _ } ICIS TUT A EST Te oe as [sa] a5] 96 [a7 [v8 19 [20 21 [22] 23] 24 ]25| 26 [27] 28 [290 } 1 CARE WHY? (5 minutes) In three sentences explain relevancy of the concept to your life or how you might use it. State way's on how to prevent cancer. Thi Wwélon oa pers hte hye byeie = Coin Hf af the _pavit Axil athe ditenust Mls ct tbe Be giltn hres fig wot arnanK, fin _dlee tye life. Me afl fifi oe For next session, review Anti- Inflammatory Drugs, Vaccines & Sera (RUAN RE ERO MO the property of va document and the Information thereon is Fhinnah Education (Department of Nursing) wort