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Exercise – I
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
1. Possible values of 'p' for which the equation (p2 – 3p + 2)x2 – (p2 – 5p + 4)x + p – p2 = 0 does not possess more
than two roots is/are
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4
6. If both roots of x2 – 32x + c = 0 are prime numbers then possible values of c are [16JM110169]
(A) 60 (B) 87 (C) 247 (D) 231
7. Let f(x) = x2 – a(x + 1) – b = 0, a, b R – {0}, a + b 0. If and are roots of equation f(x) = 0, then the value of
1 1 2
+ 2 – is equal to
− a − a a + b
2
a a2
(A) 0 (B) f(a) + a + b (C) f(b) + a + b (D) f + +a+b
2 4
8. If f(x) is a polynomial of degree three with leading coefficient 1 such that f(1) = 1, f(2) = 4, f(3) = 9, then
3
6 6
(A) f(4) = 22 (B) f = [16JM110170]
5 5
(C) f(x) = x3 holds for exactly two values of x. (D) f(x) = 0 has a root in interval (0, 1).
9. Let P(x) = x32 – x25 + x18 – x11 + x4 – x3 + 1. Which of the following are CORRECT ?
(A) Number of real roots of P(x) = 0 are zero.
(B) Number of imaginary roots of P(x) = 0 are 32.
(C) Number of negative roots of P(x) = 0 are zero.
(D) Number of imaginary roots of P(x) + P(–x) = 0 are 32.
10. If , are the real and distinct roots of x2 + px + q = 0 and 4, 4 are the roots of x2 – rx + s = 0, then the equation
x2 – 4qx + 2q2 – r = 0 has always (given –)
(A) two real roots (B) two negative roots
(C) two positive roots (D) one positive root and one negative root
12. If – 5 + i, – 5 + i (where 2 2 ; , R and i2 = –1) are roots of x3 + 15x2 + cx + 860 = 0, c R, then
(A) c = 222 [16JM110171]
(B) all the three roots are imaginary
(C) two roots are imaginary but not complex conjugate of each other.
(D) – 5 + 7i 3 , – 5 – 7i 3 are imaginary roots.
13. Let f(x) = ax2 + bx + c > 0, x R or f(x) < 0, x R. Which of the following is/are CORRECT ?
(A) If a + b + c > 0 then f(x) > 0, x R (B) If a + c < b then f(x) < 0, x R
(C) If a + 4c > 2b then f(x) < 0, x R (D) ac > 0.
14. Let x1 < < < < x4, x1 < x2 < x3. If f(x) is a cubic polynomial with real coefficients such that
(f())2 + (f())2 + (f())2 = 0, f(x1) f(x2) < 0, f(x2) f(x3) < 0 and f(x1) f(x3) > 0 then which of the following are
CORRECT ? [16JM110172]
(A) (x1, x2), (x2, x3) and (x3, x4) (B) (x1, x3), , (x3, x4)
(C) , (x1, x2) and (x4, ) (D) (x1, x3), (x2, x3) and (x2, x4)
15. If f(x) is cubic polynomial with real coefficients, < < and x1 < x2 be such that f() = f() = f() = f (x1) = f
(x2) = 0 then possible graph of y = f(x) is (assuming y-axis vertical)
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
3 4 5
16. Let f(x) = + + , then f(x) = 0 has [16JM110173]
x−2 x−3 x − 4
(A) exactly one real root in (2, 3) (B) exactly one real root in (3, 4)
(C) 3 different roots (D) atleast one negative root
17. If the quadratic equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a, b, c R, a 0) and x2 + 4x + 5 = 0 have a common root,
then a, b, c must satisfy the relations:
(A) a > b > c (B) a < b < c
(C) a = k; b = 4k; c = 5k (k R, k 0) (D) b2 − 4ac is negative.
18. If the quadratic equations x2 + abx + c = 0 and x2 + acx + b = 0 have a common root, then the equation containing
their other roots is/are : [16JM110174]
(A) x2 + a (b + c) x − a2bc = 0 (B) x2 − a (b + c) x + a2bc = 0
(C) a (b + c) x2 − (b + c) x + abc = 0 (D) a (b + c) x2 + (b + c) x − abc = 0
Solution
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE
1. p=0 2x2 – 4x – 0 = 0 two roots (A) Correct
p=1 0x2 – (0)x + 0 = 0 identity more than two roots (B) Not answer
p=2 0x2 – (–2)x + (–2) = 0 x = + 1 one root (C) Correct
p=4 6x2 – 0x – 12 = 0 two root (D) Correct
b c
3. ax2 + bx + c = 0 + =− , = Ax2 + Bx + C = 0
a a
B C
( + ) + ( + ) = – , ( + ) ( + ) = |( + ) – ( + )| = |( – )|
A A
B2 4C b2 4c b2 − 4ac B2 − 4AC
− = − = Hence proved
A2 A a2 a a2 A2
4. 4x2 + 2x – 1 = 0
42 + 2 – 1 = 0 ....(1)
Let = 43 – 3
with the help of equation (1)
(1 − 2)
= [42 – 3] = [1 – 2 – 3] = – 22 – 2 = –2 –2 [using (1)]
4
= – – 1/2
+ = – 1/2 which is given. hence second root is 43 – 3.
=
3(2 + 2 ) + ( + )
=
(
3 ( + )2 − 2 + ( −3) )
= 3 (7) – 3 = 18.
1 1
6. Split 32 into sum of two primes 32 = 2 + 30 = 3 + 29 = 5 + 27 = 7 + 25 = 11 + 21 = 13 + 19.
32 = 2 + 30 = 3 + 29 = 5 + 27 = 7 + 25 = 11 + 21 = 13 + 19.
10. x2 + px + q = 0 + = – p, = q and p2 – 4q > 0 x2 – rx + s = .....(1)
Now 4 + 4 = r 4 + 4 = r , ()4 = s = q4 (2 + 2)2 – 2()2 = r
[( + )2 – 2]2 – 222 = r (p2 – 2q)2 – 2q2 = r (p2 – 2q)2 = 2q2 + r > 0 .....(2)
Now, for x2 – 4qx + 2q2 – r = 0 D = 16q2 – 4(2q2 – r) by equation (2) = 8q2 + 4r = 4(2q2 + r) > 0
D > 0 two real and distinct roots
Product of roots = 2q2 – r = 2q2 – [(p2 – 2q)2 – 2q2] = 4q2 – (p2 – 2q)2 = – p2 (p2 – 4q) < 0 from (1)
So product of roots is – ve. hence roots are opposite in sign
or
(x1 x2), (x2 x3) and (x3 x4) or (x1 x3), (x2 x3) and (x2 x4)
hence A and D are correct
B is wrong as (x3, x4)
C is wrong as (x1, x2)
3 4 5 f(2+ ) →
16. f(x) = + + f(x) = 0 has exactly one root in (2, 3).
x−2 x − 3 x−4 and −
f(3 ) → −
f(3+ ) →
again f(x) = 0 has exactly one root in (3, 4).
−
and f(4 ) → −
19. S1 : 2x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
D=9–4×1×1=1
Which is perfect square of a rational number
roots will be rational.
S2 : Let f(x) = (x – a)(x – c) + 2(x – b) (x – d)
f(a) > 0
f(b) < 0
f(c) < 0
f(d) > 0
two real and distinct roots.
S3 : x2 + 3x + 5 = 0 .....(i) and ax2 + bx + c = 0 .....(ii)
for equation (i) , D < 0
Roots are imaginary and they occur in conjugate pair
Roots of equation (i) and (ii) will be identical
a b c
= = = , ( N) a = , b = 3, c = 5 a + b + c = 9 least value is 9.
1 3 5
20. x2 + ax + 12 = 0 .....(1)
x2 + bx + 15 = 0 .....(2)
x2 + (a + b) x + 36 = 0 .....(3)
(1) + (2) – (3) gives x2 – 9 = 0 x = ± 3 given that common root will be +ve
so x = 3 put in equation (3) 9 + 3 (a + b) + 36 = 0 a + b = – 15
by equation (1) 9 + 3a + 12 = 0 a = – 7 & b = – 8