Ex.

12 → Using the words in the shaded areas, complete the advice of four
American business leaders on how to get ahead in business.

WILLIAM RADUCHEL LISA GANSKY

“Don't pick a job. Pick a .... . Your options "Make mistakes early and often. Try
first is probably the biggest ... in boss out lots of different ... early in your
your career ... . A boss who doesn't team career. For most jobs, especially
trust you won't give you ... to factor those in the digital ..., there is no
grow." economy objective ... for being 'qualified'. If
standard you and the ... you're working with
opportunities
William Raduchel has held senior positions at companies such as
AOL Time Warner, Inc. and Sun Microsystems
think you're qualified, you are."
success Lisa Gansky was founder and CEO of Global Network Navigator,
the first commercial site on the Web. It was acquired by America
Online in 1995.

SIMON ROY ESTHER DYSON

"The smartest route between two "Be careful about getting too good
points is not o straight line. Take a thing at one ... . The world around you
... . The only ... you'll regret are skills keeps changing and if you can't
the ones you didn't have. Always experiences change with it, you're in ... . Look
work with people who know more trouble for ... . If you feel as if you can't
than you do. They're the best work get much better at something, do
source of new ..., and they help connections something else. If you're not
you make great ... down the road." adventure enthusiastic about your ..., you
Simon Roy's career has included the position of CEO at Accrue
detour won't be very good at it anyway."
Software. Esther Dyson is one of the world's most influential commentators on
technology and business

[1, 13]

Work in groups. Whose advice seems the most sensible to you? Use the
transitional language given below.

TRANSITIONAL LANGUAGE

as far as I am concerned for this reason

as far as sth is concerned nevertheless
In my opinion moreover
I believe, although
To my way of thinking in other words...
this is particularly important for/to... summing it up...
[3, 121]


Ex. 13 → Translate the following sentences into English. Use appropriate
infinitive constructions (underlined).

GRAMMAR LAB 2

Infinitive constructions

1. COMPLEX OBJECT
x He considers this question to be of great importance. - Он считает этот
вопрос очень важным.
x I hate you to talk in this way. - Я терпеть не могу, когда вы так
говорите.
x The boss wants you to go on business trip. - Начальник хочет, чтобы ты
поехал в командировку.
x He told George to leave him alone. - Он попросил Джаржа оставть его
в покое.
2. COMPLEX SUBJECT
x He is said to have gone to work to Spain. - Говорят, что он уехал
работать в Испанию.
x They are unlikely to come in time. - Они вряд ли придут вовремя.
x The work proved to be useful. - Работа оказалась полезной
x They seemed to have forgotten him. - Они, казалось, забыли его.
3. FOR-TO-INFINITIVE
x It is shame for me to ask. - Для меня просить - стыдно.
x The instruction is for the engineers to follow. - Инструкция
предназначена для того, чтобы инженеры ее выполняли.
x He waited for her to speak. - Он ждал, когда она заговорит.
x The best thing for you to do is to obey. - Лучшее, что вам следует
сделать - подчиниться.
x He stepped aside for me to pass. - Он отошел в сторону, чтобы я смог
пройти.
x He spoke loud enough for you to hear. - Он говорил достаточно громко,
чтобы вы могли слышать.

1. Кейт очень сложно найти постоянную работу, хотя у нее большой

опыт и высокая квалификацию.
2. Сейчас компания переживет сильнейший кризис.
3. Говорят, что он блестяще выполняет работу, требующую умения
справляться со стрессом и напряжением.
4. Нам нужно, чтобы ты определился, что для тебя главное: получить
повышение или сохранить добрые отношения с Тони?


 5. И по сей день, многие женщины неизбежно сталкиваются с
препятствиями при построении карьеры.
6. Работа в этой фирме больше напоминает гонки на выживание:
ожидается, что ты будешь работать сверхурочно, под постоянным
давлением со стороны менеджера, а атмосфера в коллективе очень
напряженная.
7. Марк - блестящий специалист: у него есть все необходимые навыки,
он прекрасно работает в команде. Он несомненно быстро впишется
в наш коллектив.
8. Мы провели исследования рынка труда с тем, чтобы выяснить, в каких
секторах сейчас наблюдается нехватка специалистов, т.к. считаем
этот вопрос крайне актуальным на сегодняшний день.
9. Мне предложили должность, от которой невозможно отказаться:
зарплата высокая, условия замечательные, кроме того, мне не
придется много времени тратить на поездки до работы (to commute),
т.к. офис находится совсем близко.
10. В нашей компании приняты строгие правила поведения, которых все
обязательно должны придерживаться.
11. Майк подумывает уволиться: он чувствует, что погряз в рутине, кроме
того, ему совсем некуда расти в этой компании (room for development).
12. Мэри обожает (thrives on) столь жесткие условия работы:
постоянные встречи с клиентами, переговоры, соблюдение сроков. Ей
легко удается справиться с этим стрессом.
13. В нашей компании у Вас будут отличные перспективы карьерного
роста, стабильный доход и замечательные условия для работы.

VOCABULARY DIARY

Now write down ❺ words/expressions you didn’t know or you want to use
more. Make your own sentences with them.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)


 SPEAKING 1

Ex. 14 → Write your own 'SECRET OF SUCCESS'. Compare with the

others in your group.

WATCHING
Ex. 15 → Discuss the following questions.

1. Is it important to plan a career? Why? Why not?

2. What are the ways to plan a career?
3. What factors influence most a person’s career development?

Ex. 16 → Watch the video episode Say goodbye to career planning: Tim
Clark at TEDxPlainpalais and answer the questions. [ted.com]

Before you watch the video make sure you understand the meaning of the
bolded words. Check them up in a dictionary if necessary.

¾ I ventured to ask him what he was writing.

¾ I found it difficult to articulate my feelings.
¾ Scientists hypothesize that the dinosaurs were killed by a giant meteor.
¾ Talking with people who think like you helps validate your feelings.
¾ The lens magnified the image 100 times.

1. Do you agree with Tim Clark’s new view on career planning?

2. How could this video influence how we look at our own career planning path?


 NOTE

Speaker dossier: Dr. Timothy Clark is an entrepreneur, NEXT-certified

entrepreneurship trainer, teacher, and author who leads the global personal
business model movement. After selling his startup to a NASDAQ-listed entity
in a multi-million-dollar transaction, Tim completed doctoral research in
international business model portability and authored or edited five books on
entrepreneurship, business models, and personal development, including the
international bestsellers Business Model You and Business Model
Generation, which together have sold more than a million copies in 30
languages.

Ex. 17 → Explain ❷ topics Tim Clark discussed that are most relevant to
personal career planning for someone in college or about to graduate.

SPEAKING 2
Being employed vs.4 being self-employed

Ex. 18 → Make a list showing the benefits and drawbacks of self-

employment in comparison to a job in a company or an institution, then
report to the group. Consider the following areas of life:

x personal life x range of commitments

x time management x promotion prospects
x self-development x income
x socialising x stress

BENEFITS DRAWBACKS

4
vs. (versus) - used when comparing the advantages of two different things, ideas etc.: в отличие от; в сравнении
с; или (как альтернатива); в противовес


 PROJECT
Ex. 19 → What would be your ideal job? Imagine you are about to be
interviewed for it. First write your dream job description, completing the
following advertisement. Below you can find a list of adjectives to describe a
job.
As one of the leading ..., we ....
Current expansion means that we are now looking for a ....
This is a unique opportunity for the right person to ....
Ideally, you will ... .
... would also be an advantage.
Above all, you will be able to bring ... to this dynamic, growing company.
It’s just the job for those who thrive on … .

exciting rewarding tough

challenging monotonous donkey
demanding satisfying physical
arduous independent hazardous
stressful creative collaborative
[1, 16]

Ex. 20 → Now prepare a set of questions you would expect to be asked at the
interview. The question starters below may help you. The words in
parenthesis are only suggestions.

1. What exactly/in particular (attracted to you this position)?

2. What would you say, (are the main challenges facing this industry)?
3. What do you consider to be (the most important qualities for a manager)?
4. What particular strengths could you bring to (this
job/department/company)?
5. How would you describe (the ideal manager/present state of the market)?
6. Do you mind if I ask you (why you left your last job)?
7. Where do you see yourself (five years from now/in ten years)?
8. How do you see yourself (fitting in here/managing in a foreign country)?
9. How would you feel about (being posted abroad/reporting to two different
line managers)?
10. Can you give me an example of a time when you (had to make a difficult
decision/take a calculated risk)?


 11. Suppose (you had a conflict with a colleague). How would you
(react/respond to that)?
12. In a word, can you sum up (the job/role of a manager)?
[1, 16]

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Now interview a partner, using the questions you prepared as the basis of
their interview. Would they have given you the job?


 UNIT 2
ENTREPRENEURS

VOCABULARY
entrepreneurship

GRAMMAR
infinitive constructions

LISTENING/WATCHING
advice from big entrepreneurs

SPEAKING
entrepreneurial indicator

success is…?

PROJECT
a business venture
 INTRODUCTION
Ex. 1 → Revision spot. Listed below are some words you learned in unit ❶.
Make sure you remember the words and translate them into Russian.

x entrepreneur
x (marital) prospects
x steady (cashflow)

Ex. 2 → Answer the question below. Work with a partner and list your ideas.
Use the transitional language given below.

TRANSITIONAL LANGUAGE

as far as I am concerned for this reason

as far as sth is concerned nevertheless
In my opinion moreover
I believe, although
To my way of thinking in other words...
this is particularly important for/to... summing it up...

[3, 121]

What are the easiest routes to making your first million:

9 Intelligence?
9 Hard work?
9 Inheritance?
9 An outstanding education?
9 Luck?
9 A tough childhood?
9 Good looks?

Ex. 3 → Match each word with its correct definition.

1. initiative [ɪˈnɪʃətɪv] a. изобретательность, находчивость

2. ingenuity [ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti] b. старательный
3. a fortune c. стойкость, выдержка
4. to head (a firm) d. состояние
5. resilience [rɪˈzɪlɪəns] e. инициатива
6. studious [ˈstjuːdɪəs] f. возглавлять


 Ex. 4 → Listen to the recording, complete the gaps with the numbers you
hear. Check your assumptions made in exercise ❷.

Trying to make your first million? Then forget about drive, initiative and ingenuity.
And don't let anyone tell you it's about putting in an __________ day, having a
sudden stroke of genius or beating the system as you work your way to the top.
Statistically speaking, your chances of making a fortune will largely depend on
how fortunate you are in the first place. According to all the surveys, here are four
sure-fire ways of getting rich.

START OFF RICH

It's depressing but true that half of Britain's __________ millionaires were born
into wealthy families, and so were a quarter of those who head the country's largest
corporations. When you're rich already it takes a special kind of person not to get
richer.

DO BADLY AT SCHOOL

Richard Branson, the founder of Virgin, is the classic case, leaving school at
__________ to start a mail-order record company and ending up running his own
airline, publishing, broadcasting, construction and holiday empire. He's not alone.
Almost __________ of the UK's top earners finished their education early. And the
studious graduate is less likely to be found staying at the Hilton Hotel than
applying for a job in its kitchens.

LOSE A PARENT

Amazingly, only __________ per cent of successful entrepreneurs had both parents
present throughout their childhood. Perhaps a lack of parental control gives you the
toughness, resilience and independence you need to make it on your own.

BE BEAUTIFUL

Silly as it sounds, good looks really do get you places, both in terms of career and
marital prospects. If you are too pretty, however, people may tend to assume that
you're nice but stupid and pass you over for promotion.

So what can you do if you're born poor and ugly, pass all your exams and have
parents who look as though they'll make ninety ...?

[1, 17]


 TEXT OF THE UNIT
Ex. 5 → Look at the word cloud below and say which of the things you
associate with entrepreneurship.

Ex. 6 → Match each word with its correct definition.

1. cautious [ˈkɔːʃəs] a. борьба

2. to be in b. сущ. чокнутый (о человеке)
3. in retrospect c. начинающий (напр. актер)
4. a crackpot d. осторожный, благоразумный
5. a struggle e. происхождение, биография
6. background f. оглядываясь назад (в прошлое)
7. budding g. пользоваться успехом, быть в моде


 Ex. 7 → Listen to the recording Entrepreneurs and say which of the
following topics the article discusses:

1. the hero-status of the entrepreneur

2. how to get rich quick
3. goal-setting
4. perseverance5
5. enterprising managers
[1, 19]
Ex. 8 → Explain the meaning of the following expressions from the texts. (ex.
4 and 7) and explain their meaning. Use a dictionary if necessary.

x to work your way to the top

x a sure-fire way to do sth
x to get sb places
x unemployables
x Bide your time!
x hand over fist
x to rise through the ranks
x a flair for sth

Ex. 9 → Listen to the text Entrepreneurs again and complete the gaps
with the numbers you hear.

Entrepreneurs come in all shapes and sizes - the dynamic, the cautious and the
greedy. But all of them hold an equal fascination for us. How do they do it? What's
their secret? Some of the world's biggest corporations would like to know, too. For
entrepreneurism is in. And these days everyone wants to be an entrepreneur.

But an entrepreneur is not what you are, it's what you become, and real
entrepreneurs exist only in retrospect. At first, nobody takes them seriously.
They're crackpots, dreamers, unemployables. And by the time they've finally
earned the respect of the business community, they've already made it. So cancel
the classes on entrepreneurship and throw out your business plan. For the road to
success can't be mapped out in advance. You get there one sale at a time.

5
настойчивость, упорство, стойкость, syn. resilience


 In the beginning, only the entrepreneur needs to see the goal, nobody else.
And the goal is quite simple: you get an idea; you identify your customer, you
make a sale. Then you make another and another and another until your office in
the spare bedroom has turned into the tower block in Manhattan you always
wanted. Forget about marketing strategy at this stage. What you need first is a
steady cashflow. Bide your time. Focus on the little things. That's how it works.
Big companies are just small companies that got bigger.

Take Richard Branson, for instance. For the founder of Virgin, the first
__________ years were a struggle, with his company suffering some cashflow
problems until as late as __________. By then, the Virgin Group was running
__________ different operations, none of them making large amounts of money
and some of them losing money hand over fist. Yet in __________ Branson's
music business alone sold for __________ million.

Or take Nicolas Hayek, the man who invented the Swatch and brought the
Swiss watch-making industry back from the dead. Hayek took on Japanese market
leaders, Seiko and Citizen, and beat them on quality and price. Today the Swatch
Group, which includes many famous names such as Omega, Longines, Calvin
Klein and Tissot, sells __________ million watches a year. With annual sales of
over __________ billion Swiss francs and a __________ per cent share of the
global market, the group is now by far the largest manufacturer and distributor of
finished watches in the world. The Swatch was a 20th century icon and some of the
highly collectable early designs are now classed as art and fetch more than
__________ - not bad for a plastic watch!

So what is it that makes a good entrepreneur on the scale of a Bill Gates, a

Jeff Bezos or a Michael Dell? Clearly, not the same thing that makes a good
manager. For good managers tend to come from fairly conventional backgrounds.
They're the bright kids everyone knew would do well, born organizers, who rise
through the ranks to reach the top of large corporations. But the budding
entrepreneur is more likely to be an outsider, a troublemaker, a rebel who drops out
of college to get a job, discovers a flair for building companies from nothing, gets
bored quickly and moves on. Most of all, the entrepreneur will be a master of risk-
management. For risk doesn't mean the same thing to the entrepreneur as it does to
the rest of us. The king of corporate raiders, Sir James Goldsmith, summed it up
best: "The ultimate risk," he said, "is not taking a risk." And that's probably how he
got to be a dollar billionaire. [1,18-19]


 VOCABULARY LIST
17. initiative инициатива, находчивость, предприимчивость
|ɪˈnɪʃətɪv| to take the initiative — делать первый шаг,
проявлять инициативу
to stifle initiative — подавлять инициативу
on one's own initiative — по собственной
инициативе
to demonstrate/show initiative — проявлять
инициативу
Why don't you take the initiative and ask him out? —
Почему бы тебе не проявить инициативу и не
пригласить его на свидание?

but
enterprising предприимчивый, инициативный
dynamic Some enterprising students are designing software. —
active Некоторые предприимчивые студенты
занимаются разработкой программного
обеспечения.

18. ingenuity изобретательность, находчивость, мастерство

|ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti| It will take considerable ingenuity to fix these
problems. — Понадобится проявить недюжинную
изобретательность, чтобы решить эти проблемы.

ingenious изобретательный; искусный

|ɪnˈdʒiːnɪəs| ingenious mind — изобретательный ум
ingenious idea — оригинальная мысль
an ingenious invention — оригинальное
изобретение
an ingenious method — оригинальный метод
The book has an ingenious plot. — У книги
оригинальный сюжет.

19. fortune 1. счастье; удача; счастливый случай

I could hardly believe my fortune. — Я едва мог
поверить своему счастью.
2. судьба, фортуна; жребий
I felt it was useless to struggle against fortune. —
Я понимал, что бесполезно спорить с судьбой.


 3. богатство, состояние
He hoped to achieve fame and fortune. - Он надеется
добраться до славы и богатства.
That house cost us a fortune. - Дом обошелся нам в
целое состояние.

the Fortune список 500 крупнейших по объемам продаж

500 американских корпораций. Ежегодно публикуется
журналом " Fortune " начиная с 1955

fortunate adj счастливый; удачливый; счастливый,

благоприятный
she's fortunate enough to have very good health — на
её счастье у неё хорошее здоровье
how fortunate that I have found you today — как
хорошо, что я разыскал вас сегодня
fortunate day (for doing smth.) — хороший
/благоприятный/ день (для какого-л. дела)

20. to head возглавлять, стоять во главе

David was asked to head the technical team. - Дэвида
попросили возглавить техническую группу.

21. to run (a управлять, руководить

business) For a while, she ran a restaurant in Boston. -
Некоторое время она управляла рестораном в
Бостоне.

22. resilient стойкий, быстро оправляющийся (от горя, стресса

и т.п.); имеющий запас жизненных сил;
устойчивый
The company proved remarkably resilient during the
recession. - Компания оказалась на удивление
устойчивой в условиях рецессии.
The local economy is remarkably resilient. - Местная
экономика на удивление устойчива.
She is pretty resilient. - Она человек очень
стойкий\сильный.

23. term 3) период, срок; время; продолжительность

a prison term – тюремный срок
4) термин; выражение; язык, способ выражения
She described him in glowing terms. — Она очень
ярко описала его.
in money terms — в денежном выражении


 in value terms — по ценности, в стоимостном
выражении
define in terms of — определять как
I like the new Audi in terms of styling. - Мне нравится
новый Audi с точки зрения стиля.
5) мн. ч. (terms) личные отношения
to be on speaking terms with smb. — разговаривать с
кем-л.

24. to tend to do иметь обыкновение, быть склонным, как правило

поступать опр. образом
to tend to exaggerate — быть склонным
преувеличивать
People who are lying tend to avoid eye contact. -
Люди, которые лгут, стараются избегать
зрительного контакта.

25. to assume предполагать, допускать, считать

I can only assume that it was a mistake. - Я могу лишь
предположить, что это была ошибка.
I didn't see your car, so I assumed you'd gone out. -
Я не видел вашей машины, так что я предположил,
что вы уже ушли.

26. cautious осторожный, осмотрительный; внимательный

cautious policy — осмотрительная политика
a cautious choice of words — тщательный выбор
слов, осторожное высказывание
He is cautious about making predictions for the success
of the program. - Он осторожен когда
прогонозирует успешность программы.

27. background история вопроса; сведения общего характера;

исходные данные; подготовка, образование;
квалификация, биографические или анкетные
данные; происхождение
one's academic / educational background — сведения
о чьём-л. образовании
cultural background — культурный уровень
religious background — религиозные истоки
to have the right background for a job — иметь
подходящее образование для какой-л. работы
It's important to understand other people, people from
different backgrounds. - Важно понимать других
людей, людей из разных слоёв общества.


28. to manage руководить, управлять, заведовать; стоять во главе
to manage a department — руководить отделом
to manage one's finances — управлять своими
доходами
to manage a firm — управлять фирмой

29. budding молодой, начинающий; подающий надежды,

многообещающий
budding genius — юное дарование
budding composers — молодые талантливые
композиторы

30. a venture 1. рискованное, смелое предприятие; рискованная

попытка
to undertake a venture — организовывать
рискованное предприятие
2. дело, предприятие
joint venture — совместное предприятие
to venture 1. рисковать (чем-л.); ставить на карту
to venture one's life — рисковать жизнью
Nothing ventured, nothing gained. - Волков бояться
— в лес не ходить.; Кто не рискует, тот не пьет
шампанского.
2. отважиться, решиться; осмелиться (тж. venture on,
venture upon)
He ventured (upon) a remark. — Он позволил себе
сделать замечание.
I venture to disagree. - Разрешите не согласиться,
рискну возразить.
adventurous любящий приключения; безрассудно смелый;
предприимчивый
The island attracts adventurous travelers. - Остров
привлекает любителей приключений.
They have an adventurous lifestyle. - Их жизнь полн
рисков.
We need such an adventurous leader as you. - Нам
нужен такой активный/предприимчивый лидер, как
ты.


 VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Ex. 10 → Look back at the text Entrepreneurs. Find the words and
expressions which mean

1. popular, fashionable (§1) ……………………………...

2. a mad or eccentric person (§1) ……………………………...
3. looking back (§2) ……………………………...
4. losing money rapidly (§4) ……………………………...
5. revived (§5) ……………………………...
6. fought against (§5) ……………………………...
7. a classic image of the time (§5) ……………………………...
8. climb the corporate ladder (§6) ……………………………...
9. the developing entrepreneur (§6) ……………………………...
10.a natural skill or talent (§6) ……………………………...
[1, 19]

Ex. 11 → Replace the bolded words with words from the vocabulary list.

1. I'm very lucky that I have such an understanding wife.

2. He proposed a new diplomatic plan to try to stop the war.
3. Mike has been in charge of IT department for 15 years.
4. People usually make more mistakes when they are overworked.
5. Mary is a very attentive driver.
6. Right now I don’t have any plans for distant future.
7. The rector supports our program that helps students from disadvantaged
families.
8. It’s very hard for teenagers to control their expenses.
9. This forum is now open to all young entrepreneurs.
10. Tony is a very risky guy.

Ex. 12 → Put the following entrepreneurial qualities into what you consider to
be their order of importance.

To be an entrepreneur you need:

a) drive f) initiative
b) intuition g) dedication
c) determination h) guts
d) ingenuity i) the killer instinct
e) dynamism j) charisma


Match five of the nouns above with the definitions below.

9 To be an entrepreneur you need to have energy and motivation. ……………

9 To be an entrepreneur you need to have courage. ……………
9 To be an entrepreneur you need to come up with ideas and make decisions on
your own. ……………
9 To be an entrepreneur you need to be prepared to destroy your competitors if
necessary. ……………
9 To be an entrepreneur you need to rely on your gut feelings. ……………

Which of the above can you express by using an adjective?

To be an entrepreneur you need to be ...

[1, 20]

Ex. 13 → Translate the sentences into English. Use appropriate infinitive

constructions (underlined). Please refer to GRAMMAR LAB 2 in unit 1.

1. Сейчас не самый подходящий момент. Босс вряд ли примет вас.

2. Я так и не решился сказать им всю правду. Наверняка они осудят мой
поступок.
3. Не время осторожничать! Все ожидают, что ты проявишь
инициативу, и удача улыбнется тебе.
4. Я всегда поражался его смелости и находчивости. Его считают самым
эффективным менеджером за последние 20 лет, именно поэтому он так
долго возглавляет отдел.
5. Тони слишком амбициозен, чтобы осторожничать, он предпочитает
полагаться на свое чутье, которое его ни разу не подвело.
6. Как начинающему предпринимателю тебе надо быть готовым к тому,
что ты столкнешься с временными трудностями на начальном этапе.
Главное не падать духом.
7. Как ему только удается управлять таким большим количеством
людей?
8. Я полагаю, что в ближайшей перспективе нам весьма вероятно
придется испытать определенные трудности с поставщиками.