Maryam Alkahal

10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography

Arranged Marriage

julia, alanen. Custom or Crime? (Part I of IV) Catalysts and Consequences of Forced
Marriage., EBSCOHOST, 2015,
eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=094a5c17-ab25-4fc2-bcda-429ffdc44a4
c%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=1111533
43&db=a9h.

As she informs her audience of the causes, or catalysts, of forced marriages,

Alanen makes references to additional study on the topic. Alanen also contributes to the

study of forced marriages since she discusses the many effects and imprints that the

aforementioned occurrences have on people.

In her article, Alanen examines forced unions and discusses their causes and

effects on individuals who participate in them. For instance, parents' desire to regulate

their children's sexuality, conduct, and marriage choices is one of the reasons Alanen

highlights in her paper for forced marriages. Additionally, Alanen goes over a few ways

that forced marriages might take place. For instance, Alanen highlighted in her article

"bridenapping," which is a method of kidnapping a girl to force her into marriage, and

"shotgun marriages," which is a method of threatening to kill someone to force a woman

into marriage.

buunk, abraham p. My Parents Know Best: No Mating With Members From Other

Ethnic Groups, PsychOpen, 2015, 2015,

eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=9&sid=094a5c17-ab25-4fc2-bcda-429ff

dc44a4c%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3

d#AN=edsdoj.1a1c28e8455e401bb6bb385768c44f51&db=edsdoj.

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
In contrast to many articles that are against forced marriages, Buunk's essay on

the subject might be utilized to further explore the topic. Bunk uses opinions on forced

or arranged marriages and whether or whether people still adhere to their parents'

preferences, suggestions, or ideals when looking for a mate to achieve this.

Buunk discusses the findings of a study on various perspectives on arranged

marriages of persons from other ethnic groups in the article "My Parents Know Best: No

Mating with Members From Other EthnicGroups." Buunk utilized 107 Dutch people, 69

Moroccans, and 69 Turks between the ages of 15 and 25 for his study. After conducting

his research, Buunk came to the conclusion that predominantly young men from Turkish

and Moroccan backgrounds accepted forced marriages or adopted their parents'

standards for romantic relationships. During his research, Buunk also saw that girls and

women strongly rejected forced marriages, leading him to conclude that they did not

adhere to their parents' ideals in the same way that young boys did.

duggi, deeoti b, and shanmukh v kamble. Relationship Satisfaction and

Attachment of Couples in Arranged Marriage and Love Marriage., Indian Journal of

Health & Wellbeing, 2015,

eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=11&sid=094a5c17-ab25-4fc2-bcda-429f

fdc44a4c%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3

d#AN=102322408&db=a9h.

Duggi and Kamble give their audience with information about the distinctions

between couples in a love marriage, which is the average marriage, and couples in an

arranged, or forced, marriage in order to encourage readers to conduct additional

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
research on forced marriages. This is helpful because it gives readers an analysis that

considers both the visible aspects of arranged weddings and the experiences of those

who are victims of them.

In their article, Duggi and Kamble discuss the distinctions between arranged

weddings and love marriages, particularly those based on fear and avoidance. Duggi

and Kamble used the "Baseline Survey for Couples" to look at how happy couples were

in their marriages, and the ECR scale to look at the avoidance and attachment anxiety

that couples in the two types of marriages stated face. After analyzing their findings,

Duggi and Kamble came to the conclusion that couples in arranged marriages had

lower relationship satisfaction, indicating that they did not enjoy being someone else's

spouse. This indicates that Duggi and Kamble also noted that individuals in a love

marriage expressed more relationship satisfaction than individuals of other types.

epstein, robert, et al. How Love Emerges in Arranged Marriages:Two

Cross-Cultural Studies., Journal of Comparative Family Studies, Mar. 2013.

In addition to providing a counterargument to the numerous articles that portray

forced marriages as evil, Epstein, Pandit, and Thakar all lead and contribute to research

based on forced marriages occurring. They also give their audience a novel viewpoint

on what they may perceive as lacking advantages.

To begin with, Epstein, Pandit, and Thakar reunited 30 married people whose

premarital circumstances varied from one another. One of the 30 people who were

reunited for this interview, for instance, only knew their spouse for one day before

marrying them, yet they continued to report growing affection for one another over the

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
course of their marriage. In conclusion, the participants in Epstein and his partners'

activity reported their initial love on average at 3.9 out of 10, where 1 is a low level of

love and 10 is a great level of love. However, Epstein and colleagues reported an

estimate of the 8.5love average discovered on participants in forced marriages at the

conclusion of their activity.

kazemi, mohammadi. The Levels of Satisfaction Between Love and Arranged

Marriages: A Comparative Study, Ann Arbor, 2019.

Because it enables them to recognize the "positive" side of arranged weddings,

Kazemi's piece encourages readers to learn more about forced or arranged marriages.

Although it may seem easy to undertake, Kazemi's essay is crucial for study because

few works present an alternative viewpoint to the conventional disapproval of forced

marriages.

Simply put, Kazemi wants to compare love weddings to arranged marriages in

his article. In order to provide additional background, Kazemi also explains what love

marriages and arranged marriages are and how they can vary. For instance, Kazemi

refers to arranged marriages as third party marriages while describing love marriages

as free marriages. After all was clarified, Kazemi moved on to talk about the elements of

the marriage study he was going to realize. In order to compare arranged and love

marriages more specifically, Kazemi was going to consider aspects like intimacy, marital

satisfaction, commitment, and passion.

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
landau, elizabeth m. “Custom or Crime?: Part II of IV: Legal Remedies for Forced

Marriage Victims and Survivors.” Custom or Crime?: Part II of IV: Legal Remedies

for Forced MarriageVictims and Survivors, American Journal of Family Law, 2016.

For the purpose of research on forced weddings, Landau's paper "Customor

Crime?: Part II of IV: Legal Remedies for Forced MarriageVictims and Survivors1" is

significant because it discusses numerous inhumane acts committed against individuals

who are forced into marriage. This article is significant for research because it

addresses the question, "Is forced marriage a crime or a custom?" for readers. This is a

viewpoint that many individuals may have.

In her article, Landau compares forced marriage to other customs and attempts

to understand it as a crime. Landau did that in an effort to gain more attention and

defend both sides of the debate. Landau asserts that it is not illegal to marry someone

you desire according to custom. According to Landau, many of the behaviors that take

place during forced marriages are what make them criminal from the perspective of

crime. Many American governments began drafting legislation intended to protect the

rights of those who participate in forced marriages in an effort to resolve this complex

issue impartially and on an equal footing. Landau named the most "popular" or

"controversial" states among them, including Minnesota and Maryland.

pridmore, saxby, and garry walter. Suicide and Forced Marriage, The Malaysian

Journal of Medical Sciences, Feb. 2013.

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
By examining what appears to be one of the numerous detrimental effects of

forced marriages on people, Pridmore and Walter create possibilities for further study

based on forced marriages to be done.

According to Pridmore and Walter's article, mental diseases are among the

leading reasons of suicide. According to Walter and Pridmore, forced marriages also

negatively affect people's stability, which raises the rate of suicides even further. Walter

and Pridmore mention numerous examples of persons who were coerced into one or

many marriages and ultimately committed suicide as evidence to support their

conclusion. Miss Chao's case, for instance, was one of the cases mentioned in this

article. Miss Chao, a citizen of China, was compelled to wed Kantzuyuan's Wu Feng-lin.

Miss Chao committed suicide after she was unable to handle her own life. Despite the

claims of many that her marital status was unrelated to her suicide, Miss Chao left

behind signs that suggested otherwise. Pridmore and Walter came to the conclusion in

their article that forced marriage causes suicide since it can have an impact on a

person's health, liberty, wealth, and reputation.

sarich, jody, et al. Forced Marriage, Slavery, and Plur Al LegalSystems: An African

Example, Human Rights Quarterly, Feb. 2016.

Sarich, Olivier, and Bales discuss forced marriage as a type of slavery in their

article. Even though the article's viewpoint may be widely shared, considering forced

marriage to be slavery encourages study by giving readers a better understanding of

the potential for violence in such unions.

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Maryam Alkahal
10/30/2022
English 1301
Annotated Bibliography
Overall, the comparison between forced marriage and slavery is made by Sarich,

Bales, and Olivier. To do this, the three authors mentioned above begin their articles by

describing what slavery is and how it has been fought in regions like Africa.They go on

to discuss how slavery is still practiced by many people, particularly women, in various

forms, such as forced unions. Following that, the writers discuss the various

international laws that have been put in place to try to abolish all forms of slavery, such

as forced marriage, and refer to legality as a moving target when discussing this

subject. In addition to forced weddings, Sarich, Bales, and Olivier discuss child marriage

in their essay and make it clear that, although being a "minor" kind of forced marriage, it

is nonetheless immoral.