Chapter 1 (Group 1) - Bspsy2b

Group 1 Cognitive Psychology Jun 27, 2022
BSPSY - 2B Mr. Joey Intac
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY MULTIPLE CHOICE WITH ANSWER KEY (CHAPTER

1: INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY)
Members:
Chavez, Josephine Czar
Fernandez, Ryzel
Matibag, Josh Vincent
Natividad, Ilyssa Marie
Royo, Reynan
San Pedro, George Francine
Matibag, Josh Vincent C. (Questions #1 - 8)
1. What is the branch of psychology that deals with how people learn, remember, and think
about information?
a. Biopsychology/Biological Psychology
b. Cognitive Psychology
c. Health Psychology
d. Developmental Psychology
2. What is dialectic?
a. a developmental process where ideas evolve over time through a pattern of

transformation.
b. a socio-political method on how opinions about ideas are exchanged via communication.
c. a neurological phenomenon that occurs within our brain to transmit and exchange
information with one another.
d. a sociological process that focuses on how certain self-made thoughts are brought about
by others.
3. How does a dialectic evolve and transform over time?

I. A thesis is proposed
II. An antithesis emerges
III. A synthesis integrates the viewpoints
a. I, II, then III.

b. II, I, then III.
c. II, III, then II.
d. III, II. then I.
4. What is a thesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?
a. An academic paper (dissertation) that studies the results of particular research or

experiment based on the viewpoint of a hypothesis.
b. A statement of fact.
c. A statement of belief.
d. A statement of both fact and belief combined as one viewpoint.
5. What is an antithesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?

a. An academic paper (dissertation) whose sole purpose is to debunk the results of an
existing piece of research or experiment by creating an alternative experiment.
d. A statement that counters a previous statement of belief.
6. What is a synthesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?
a. An academic paper (dissertation) whose sole purpose is to compare, contrast, then

combine the results and discussion of an existing piece of research or experiment
research.
d. A statement that integrates the credible features of two or more viewpoints.
7. What is a rationalist?
a. A person who is capable of rational cognitive function

b. A person that believes that the route to knowledge is through logical thinking and
analysis.
c. A type of philosopher that focuses on the study of physiology— the study of

life-sustaining functions in living matter.
d. A person who uses meticulous observation in finding the truth.
8. What is an empiricist?
a. A person who is capable of empirical cognitive function

b. A person that believes that people acquire knowledge through experience and
observations.
c. A type of philosopher that is entirely focused on the study of measurable objects
d. A person who uses contemplation in finding the truth.
Chavez, Josephine Czar (Questions# 9-18)
9. What is the closest meaning of Structuralism?
a. It seeks to understand the structure of the mind and its perception by analyzing those
perceptions into their constituent components.
b. It is a deliberate looking inward at pieces of information passing through consciousness.
c. It analyzes perception in terms of its constituent colors, geometric forms, size relations,
and so on.
d. It is a mode of knowledge of nature and human life that is interested in relationships
rather than individual objects.
10. What is Introspection?
a. It seeks to understand the structure of the mind and its perception by analyzing those
perceptions into their constituent components.
b. It is a mode of knowledge of nature and human life that is interested in relationships
rather than individual objects.
c. It is an experimental method that was an important change in the field because the main
emphasis in the study of the mind shifted from a rationalist approach to the empiricist
approach of trying to observe behavior in order to draw conclusions about the subject of
study.
d. It is a deliberate looking inward at pieces of information passing through consciousness.
11. What does the famous expression "cogito, ergo sum" mean?
a. I think, therefore not

b. I think, therefore we may
c. I think, therefore I am
d. I think, therefore someday
12. He was a German psychologist

whose ideas contributed to the development of structuralism.
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. John Locke
c. Edward Titchener
d. Immanuel Kant
13. He was a leader in guiding functionalism toward pragmatism.
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. Immanuel Kant
c. William James
d. John Dewey
14. What is Functionalism?
a. It seeks to understand what people do and why they do it.

b. It is unified by the kinds of questions they asked but not necessarily by the answers they
found or by the methods they used for finding those answers.
c. It believes that knowledge is validated by its usefulness.
d. The principal question about processes was in contrast to that of the structuralists, who
had asked what the elementary contents (structures) of the human mind are.
15. What are Pragmatists?
a. It seeks to understand what people do and why they do it.

b. It is unified by the kinds of questions they asked but not necessarily by the answers they
found or by the methods they used for finding those answers.
c. It believes that knowledge is validated by its usefulness.

d. The principal question about processes was in contrast to that of the structuralists, who
had asked what the elementary contents (structures) of the human mind are.
16. It examines how elements of the mind, like events or ideas, can become associated with one
another in the mind to result in a form of learning.
a. Contrast
b. Behaviourism
c. Associationism
d. Similarity
17. It focuses only on the relation between observable behavior and environmental events or
stimuli.
a. Contrast
b. Behaviorism
c. Associationism
d. Similarity
18. He was a Russian Nobel Prize-winning physiologist who studied involuntary learning
behavior of this sort.
e. Ivan Pavlov
f. Wilhelm Wundt
g. Alexander Luria
h. Zinchenko
Fernandez, Ryzel B. (Questions #19-27)
19. This view states that we best understand psychological phenomena when we view them as
organized, structured wholes.
a. Behaviorism
b. Gestalt Psychology
c. Associationism
d. Cognitive Psychology
20. A person that studies insight and seeks to understand the unobservable mental event by
which someone goes from having no idea about how to solve a problem to understanding it fully
in what seems a mere moment of time.
a. Behaviorist
b. Rationalist
c. Gestaltist
d. Empiricists
21. It is the belief that much of human behavior can be understood in terms of how people think.
a. Behaviorism
b. Rationalism
c. Gestaltism
d. Cognitivism
22. This view emphasizes internal mental processes.
a. Behaviorism
b. Rationalism
c. Gestaltism
d. Cognitivism
23. It is the attempt by humans to construct systems that show intelligence and, particularly,
the intelligent processing of information
a. Psychobiology
b. Artificial intelligence (AI)
c. Mainstream Psychology
d. Applied Cognitive Psychology
24. He defined cognitive psychology as the study of how people learn, structure, store, and use
knowledge.
a. Ulric Neisser
b. George Miller
c. Jerry Fodor
d. Wilhelm Wundt
25. According to the editors of the Journal of Educational Psychology, Intelligence beyond the
basic definition involves:
I. The capacity to learn from experience

II. Cultural intelligence
III. Mental Cartography
IV. The ability to adapt to the surrounding environment.
a. I, II, & III

b. II, III & IV
c. I, II, & IV
d. I, III & IV
26. It is an ability that pertains to the speed and accuracy of abstract reasoning, especially for
novel problems.
a. Spatial intelligence
b. Multiple Intelligences
c. Fluid Ability
d. Crystallized Ability
27. It is an ability that pertains to accumulated knowledge and vocabulary.
a. Spatial intelligence
b. Multiple Intelligences
c. Fluid Ability
d. Crystallized Ability
San Pedro, George Francine M. (Questions #28 - 34)
28. It is one of Gardner’s eight Intelligences that is used in reading a book, writing a paper, a
novel, or a poem and understanding spoken words.
a. Linguistic intelligence
b. Spatial Intelligences
c. Intrapersonal intelligence
d. Musical intelligence
29. It is one of Gardner’s eight Intelligences that is used in getting from one place to another, in
reading a map, and in packing suitcases in the trunk of a car so that they all fit into a compact
space.
c. Intrapersonal intelligence
30. It is one of Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence that is used to generate novel ideas.
a. Spatial Intelligences
b. Creative Abilities
c. Linguistic intelligence
d. Intrapersonal intelligence
31. It is one of Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence that is used to implement the ideas
and persuade others of their value.
a. Spatial Intelligences
b. Creative Abilities
c. Linguistic intelligence
d. Practical Abilities
32. It is one of Gardner’s eight Intelligences that is used in relating to other people, such as when
we try to understand another person’s behavior, motives, or emotions.
c. Interpersonal intelligence
33. It is one of Gardner’s eight Intelligences that is used in understanding ourselves—the basis
for understanding who we are, what makes us tick, and how we can change ourselves, given our
existing constraints on our abilities and our interests.
c. Musical Intelligence
d. Intrapersonal Intelligence
34. It is one of Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence that is used to ascertain whether your
ideas and those of others are good ones.
a. Creative Abilities
b. Analytical Abilities
c. Practical Abilities
d. Intrapersonal Intelligence
Royo, Reynan O. (Questions #35 - 42)
35. Research goals include data gathering, data analysis, theory development,
hypothesis formulation, and hypothesis testing. Research aims to develop opinionated
articulations to justify its hypothesis.
a. First statement is false, second statement is true

b. Second statement is false, first statement is true
c. Both statements are true
d. Neither of the two statements are true
36. It is an organized body of general explanatory principles regarding a

phenomenon, usually based on observations.
a. Hypothesis
b. Statistical Significance
c. Theory
d. Statement of the problem
37. It is a tentative proposal regarding expected empirical consequences of the theory, such as the
outcomes of research.
a. Hypothesis
b. Statistical Significance
c. Theory
38. Indicates the likelihood that a given set of results would be obtained if only chance
factors were in operation.
a. Hypothesis
b. Statistical significance
c. Theory
39. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Aspects of an investigation that are individually

manipulated, or carefully regulated, by the experimenter. DEPENDENT VARIABLES:
a. Experimenters must use a representative and a random sample of the population of

interest.
b. Irrelevant variables that are held constant
c. Irrelevant variable that has been left uncontrolled in a study.
d. Outcome responses, the values of which depend on how one or more independent
variables influence or affect the participants in the experiment.
40. Study animal brains and human brains, using postmortem studies and various
psychobiological measures or imaging techniques.
a. Controlled Laboratory Experiments

b. Psychobiological Research
c. Naturalistic Observation
d. Self-Reports
41. Obtain samples of performance at a particular time and place.

d. Self-Reports
42. Observe real-life situations, as in classrooms, work settings, or homes.

d. Self-Reports
Natividad, Ilyssa Marie S. (Questions #43 - 50)
43. The following are the categorized techniques used in psychobiological research EXCEPT.
a. techniques for studying an individual’s brain postmortem (after the death of an

individual), relating the individual’s cognitive function prior to death to observable
features of the brain;
b. techniques for studying images showing structures of or activities in the brain of an
individual who is known to have a particular cognitive deficit;
c. techniques for obtaining information about cerebral processes during the normal
performance of a cognitive activity.
d. techniques for studying normal cognitive functioning by studying cerebral activity in
animal participants is not helpful in the field of psychobiological research.
44. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Individual experiments and psychobiological studies often focus on precise specification

of discrete aspects of cognition across individuals.
b. self-reports (an individual’s own account of cognitive processes)

c. case studies are the philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness.
d. naturalistic observation (detailed studies of cognitive performance in everyday situations
and non laboratory contexts).
45. Theories give meaning to data but theory without data is empty.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. Not at all
46. Which of the major themes in cognitive psychology tells that “If we believe that innate
characteristics of human cognition are more important, we might focus our research on studying
innate characteristics of cognition”?
a. Nature vs. nurture

b. Rationalism vs. empiricism
c. Structures vs. processes
d. Domain generality vs. domain specificity
47. Which of the major themes in cognitive psychology synthesizes that “We can combine the
two kinds of research dialectically so that basic research leads to applied research, which leads to
further basic research, and so on”?
a. Biological vs. behavioral methods

b. Applied vs. basic research
c. Validity of causal inferences versus ecological validity
d. Structures vs. processes
48. How do we synthesize the biological vs. behavioral methods theme in cognitive psychology?
a. We can try to synthesize biological and behavioral methods so that we understand

cognitive phenomena at multiple levels of analysis.
b. We can combine a variety of methods, including laboratory methods and more

naturalistic ones, so as to converge on findings that hold up, regardless of the method of
study.
c. We can combine theory with empirical methods to learn the most we can about cognitive
phenomena.
d. We can explore how covariations and interactions in the environment (e.g., an
impoverished environment) adversely affect someone whose genes otherwise might have
led to success in a variety of tasks.
49. The following methods are the cognitive psychologists use to study how people think.
EXCEPT.
a. Experiments
b. Psychobiological techniques
c. Phenomenology
d. Naturalistic Observation
50. All basic research in cognitive psychology may lead to applications, and all applied
research may lead to basic understandings.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
d. Not at all
Answer Key 16. C. Associationism

17. B. Behaviourism
1. B. Cognitive Psychology 18. A. Ivan Pavlov
2. A. a developmental process where ideas 19. B. Gestalt Psychology
evolve over time through a pattern of 20. C. Gestaltist
transformation. 21. D. Cognitivism
3. A. I, II, then III. 22. C. Gestaltism
4. C. A statement of belief 23. B. Artificial intelligence (AI)
5. D. A statement that counters a previous 24. A. Ulric Neisser
statement of belief 25. C. I, II, & IV
6. D. A statement that integrates the 26. C. Fluid Ability
credible features of two or more 27. D. Crystallized Ability
viewpoints. 28. A. Linguistic intelligence
7. B. A person that believes that the route 29. B. Spatial Intelligence
to knowledge is through logical thinking 30. B. Creative Abilities
and analysis. 31. D. Practical Abilities
8. B. A person that believes people acquire 32. C. Interpersonal Intelligence
knowledge through experience and 33. D. Intrapersonal intelligence
observations. 34. B. Analytical Abilities
9. A. It seeks to understand the structure of 35. B. Second statement is false, first
the mind and its perception by analyzing statement is true
those perceptions into their constituent 36. C. Theory
components. 37. A. Hypothesis
10. D. It is a deliberate looking inward at 38. B. Statistical significance
pieces of information passing through 39. D. Outcome responses, the values of
consciousness. which depend on how one or more
11. C. I think, therefore I am independent variables influence or affect
12. A. Wilhelm Wundt the participants in the experiment.
13. C. William James 40. B. Psychobiological Research
14. A. It seeks to understand what people do 41. D. Self-Reports
and why they do it. 42. C. Naturalistic Observation
15. C. It believes that knowledge is 43. D. Techniques for studying normal
validated by its usefulness. cognitive functioning by studying cerebral
activity in animal participants is not helpful 47. C. Applied vs. basic research
in the field of psychobiological research. 48. A. We can try to synthesize biological
44. C. case studies are the philosophical and behavioral methods so that we
study of the structures of experience and understand cognitive phenomena at multiple
consciousness. levels of analysis.
45. A. True 49. C. Phenomenology
46. A. Nature vs. nature 50. A. True
References
Sternberg, R. J., & Sternberg, K. (2011). Cognitive Psychology, 6th Edition (6th ed.).
Cengage Learning.

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Group 1 Cognitive Psychology Jun 27, 2022

BSPSY - 2B Mr. Joey Intac

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY MULTIPLE CHOICE WITH ANSWER KEY (CHAPTER

Matibag, Josh Vincent C. (Questions #1 - 8)

a. a developmental process where ideas evolve over time through a pattern of

3. How does a dialectic evolve and transform over time?

a. I, II, then III.

4. What is a thesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?

a. An academic paper (dissertation) that studies the results of particular research or

5. What is an antithesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?

6. What is a synthesis in the context of Cognitive Psychology?

a. An academic paper (dissertation) whose sole purpose is to compare, contrast, then

a. A person who is capable of rational cognitive function

c. A type of philosopher that focuses on the study of physiology— the study of

a. A person who is capable of empirical cognitive function

Chavez, Josephine Czar (Questions# 9-18)

9. What is the closest meaning of Structuralism?

10. What is Introspection?

a. I think, therefore not

12. He was a German psychologist

13. He was a leader in guiding functionalism toward pragmatism.

14. What is Functionalism?

a. It seeks to understand what people do and why they do it.

15. What are Pragmatists?

a. It seeks to understand what people do and why they do it.

c. It believes that knowledge is validated by its usefulness.

Fernandez, Ryzel B. (Questions #19-27)

22. This view emphasizes internal mental processes.

I. The capacity to learn from experience

a. I, II, & III

27. It is an ability that pertains to accumulated knowledge and vocabulary.

San Pedro, George Francine M. (Questions #28 - 34)

Royo, Reynan O. (Questions #35 - 42)

a. First statement is false, second statement is true

36. It is an organized body of general explanatory principles regarding a

39. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Aspects of an investigation that are individually

a. Experimenters must use a representative and a random sample of the population of

a. Controlled Laboratory Experiments

41. Obtain samples of performance at a particular time and place.

a. Controlled Laboratory Experiments

42. Observe real-life situations, as in classrooms, work settings, or homes.

a. Controlled Laboratory Experiments

Natividad, Ilyssa Marie S. (Questions #43 - 50)

a. techniques for studying an individual’s brain postmortem (after the death of an

44. Which of the following statements is not true?

a. Individual experiments and psychobiological studies often focus on precise specification

b. self-reports (an individual’s own account of cognitive processes)

a. Nature vs. nurture

a. Biological vs. behavioral methods

a. We can try to synthesize biological and behavioral methods so that we understand

b. We can combine a variety of methods, including laboratory methods and more

Answer Key 16. C. Associationism

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