Final PVC RPT 2009julyr

Cogstone
Resource Management
Paleontology Archaeology History
CULTURAL RESOURCES MONITORING FINAL REPORT FOR THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA, CITY OF POMONA, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for: Western University 309 E. 2nd Street Pomona, CA, 91766 Submitted to: City of Pomona Planning Division Attn: Judy Kollar Authors: Amy Glover and Sherri Gust
Principal Investigator: Sherri Gust Registered Professional Archaeologist May 2009

Type of Study: Archaeological Monitoring Report Sites: P-19-188087, P-19-003758 USGS Quadrangle: Ontario 1978; photo revised 1981 Area: less than 1 acre Key Words: Pomona Valley Creamery, Pomona, dairy, historic trash pits, late nineteenth century domestic refuse, early twentieth century domestic refuse
1518 West Taft Avenue, Orange, California 92865 admin@cogstone.com www.cogstone.com ph 714-974-8300 fx 714-974-8303 toll free 888-497-0700
Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... IV INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................1
PURPOSE OF STUDY ....................................................................................................................................................1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................................................................2 PROJECT PERSONNEL ..................................................................................................................................................5
HISTORIC BACKGROUND .....................................................................................................................................6 FIELD INVESTIGATIONS .....................................................................................................................................16 METHODS ................................................................................................................................................................16 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................................................16 Feature 1 ............................................................................................................................................................19 Feature 2 ............................................................................................................................................................21 Feature 3 ............................................................................................................................................................23 Feature 4 ............................................................................................................................................................24 Surface Collection..............................................................................................................................................30 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................40 RECOMMENDATIONS...........................................................................................................................................41 PROPOSED NEW CULTURAL RESOURCES CONDITIONS .............................................................................................41 REFERENCES CITED.............................................................................................................................................43 APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................45 APPENDIX B: FUNCTIONAL ARTIFACT CLASSIFICATION ......................................................................48 APPENDIX C. CATALOG......................................................................................................................................50 APPENDIX D. SITE RECORD ..............................................................................................................................78
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Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring Table of Figures

FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY .........................................................................................................................................1 FIGURE 2. PROJECT AREA...............................................................................................................................................2 FIGURE 3. PROJECT AERIAL BEFORE CONSTRUCTION ....................................................................................................3 FIGURE 4. CAMPUS MAP AFTER CONSTRUCTION ...........................................................................................................4 FIGURE 5. A BIRDS EYE VIEW OF POMONA BEFORE 1925 ..............................................................................................6 FIGURE 6. 1895 SANBORN MAP SHOWING A SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENCE WITH AN OUTHOUSE ON THE PROPERTY ...........8 FIGURE 7. 1906 SANBORN MAP SHOWING THE SAME RESIDENCE WITH A STABLE ON THE PROPERTY .............................8 FIGURE 8. 737 E. 2ND STREET .........................................................................................................................................9 FIGURE 9. 1911 SANBORN MAP SHOWING THE NEWLY BUILT POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY ......................................10 FIGURE 10. ADVERTISEMENT FOR THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY IN THE 1919-20 POMONA CITY DIRECTORY (POMONA PUBLIC LIBRARY) ...............................................................................................................................10 FIGURE 11. 1928 SANBORN MAP SHOWING IMPROVEMENTS TO CREAMERY ................................................................12 FIGURE 12. 1928 AERIAL MAP SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA ......................................................13 FIGURE 13. 1949 AERIAL SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA..............................................................14 FIGURE 14. 1968 AERIAL SHOWING THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY AREA..............................................................14 FIGURE 15. EARLY 1950S POSTCARD OF THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY (POMONA HERITAGE).............................15 FIGURE 16. LOCATION OF FEATURES ...........................................................................................................................17 FIGURE 17. PHARMACEUTICAL BOTTLE WITH CONTENTS .............................................................................................20 FIGURE 18. HARD RUBBER COMB .................................................................................................................................21 FIGURE 19. UNIDENTIFIED GLASS STOPPER OR CHANDELIER PENDANT ........................................................................22 FIGURE 20. CERAMIC DISH FRAGMENTS WITH FLORAL DESIGN ....................................................................................23 FIGURE 21. AQUA BOTTLE BASE ..................................................................................................................................24 FIGURE 22. CARTERS INK BOTTLE ..............................................................................................................................27 FIGURE 23. BISQUE DOLL LEG ......................................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 24. GLAZED PORCELAIN DOLL LEG ..................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 25. BISQUE DOLL HEAD ...................................................................................................................................29 FIGURE 26. ABALONE UTENSIL HANDLE. .....................................................................................................................30 FIGURE 27. POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY BOTTLE BASE .............................................................................................33 FIGURE 28. COD LIVER OIL BOTTLE..............................................................................................................................34 FIGURE 29. MELLINS FOOD SAMPLE BOTTLE ..............................................................................................................34 FIGURE 30. FRANK MILLERS CROWN DRESSING SHOE POLISH BOTTLE.......................................................................35 FIGURE 31. ARTHUR J. WILKINSON BOWL BASE ..........................................................................................................37 FIGURE 32. CHINESE JAR .............................................................................................................................................38 FIGURE 33. GLAZED PORCELAIN DOLL HEAD ...............................................................................................................38 FIGURE 34. WATCH FOB ..............................................................................................................................................39
Table of Tables
TABLE 1. TABLE 2. TABLE 3. TABLE 4. TABLE 5. TABLE 6. TABLE 7. TABLE 8. SUMMARY OF MATERIALS FROM THE POMONA VALLEY CREAMERY SITE ....................................................18 FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES REPRESENTED IN FEATURES ................................................................................18 FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES REPRESENTED IN SURFACE COLLECTIONS ...........................................................19 ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 1......................................................................................19 ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 2......................................................................................21 ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 3......................................................................................24 ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM FEATURE 4......................................................................................24 ITEMS BY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM THE SURFACE ..................................................................................30
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Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The historic Pomona Valley Creamery building (California Historic Resource 19-188087) on E. 2nd Street on the campus of Western University in Pomona was demolished by construction personnel working on the block. A block bounded by 2nd Street on the south, 1st Street on the north, Linden Street on the west and Eleanor Street on the east was being graded for classroom facilities. The City subsequently required the University to perform mitigation consisting of retaining qualified cultural resources personnel to survey the property, monitor construction, develop a history of the creamery and prepare a display for the Pomona Valley Historical Society. The block originally contained single-family residences on each of four parcels. In 1911, the residence at 611 E. 2nd St. was torn down. A creamery building and a shed were constructed in that year for the Pomona Valley Creamery. The Creamery was first opened for business in 1912 by Leonard Hargrave and Blanchard. This was the first creamery to be established in the Pomona Valley. Cogstone Resource Management Inc. conducted an archaeological survey of the rough graded project site on March 20, 2007. A total of twenty artifacts were recovered from the project block during survey. Cogstone conducted monitoring of the project in June and July of 2007 in concert with construction grading. Some 270 artifacts were recovered during monitoring from four discrete trash pits plus surface scatter. All of the trash pits appear to predate the Creamery (based on artifact dates) and were most likely deposited by the residences visible on historic maps from 1895 to 1910. Over 55 per cent of the artifacts are domestic in function and are dominated by glass and ceramics. Beverage, food and medicine/toiletry bottles are most abundant. Ceramics include dishes, a Chinese stoneware jar and doll parts. These trash pits were formally recorded as California Historic Resource P-19-003758. Cogstone has installed a permanent display at the Pomona Valley Historical Society. The wellpreserved artifacts and history of the early Pomona residents who lived on the property before the Creamery are featured. Future cultural resources assessments in old downtown Pomona should be conducted by qualified historical archaeologists and should include review of Sanborn and other historic maps to determine the potential for subsurface historical archaeological resources. No grading should be permitted without a prior assessment study. Mitigation recommendations from the assessment report should become project grading conditions. The requirement for presence of archaeological monitors or other cultural resource requirements should be printed on the approved grading plans to make the grading contractor responsible in addition to the project proponent.
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INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE OF STUDY The historic Pomona Valley Creamery building (California Historic Resource 19-188087) on E. 2nd Street on the campus of Western University in Pomona (Figure 1.1) was demolished by construction personnel working on the block. The City subsequently required the University to perform mitigation consisting of retaining qualified cultural resources personnel to survey the property, monitor construction, develop a history of the Creamery and prepare a display for the Pomona Valley Historical Society.
Project Area
Figure 1. Project vicinity
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Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring PROJECT DESCRIPTION A block bounded by 2nd Street on the south, 1st Street on the north, Linden Street on the west and Eleanor Street on the east was graded for classroom facilities (Figure 1-4). The project area is approximately one quarter of an acre. The northwest corner of the creamery building was formerly located at UTM Zone 11S 431324mE 3768855mN.
Project Area
Figure 2. Project area
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Creamery Bldg
Figure 3. Project Aerial before Construction
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Area graded and resulting new Veterinary Clinical Center
Figure 4. Campus Map after Construction
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Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring PROJECT PERSONNEL Cogstone Resource Management Inc. was retained to perform the mitigation. Sherri Gust, Registered Professional Archaeological, was the Principal Investigator and Project Manager. She also wrote portions of the report. Gust has a M.S. in Anatomy (Evolutionary Morphology) from the University of Southern California, a B.S. in Anthropology from the University of California at Davis and over twenty-nine years of experience.
Steven McCormick, B.A. Anthropology, California State University at Long Beach, and Amy Glover, B.S. Anthropology, University of California at Riverside, conducted the field survey. Glover also performed monitoring, laboratory work, historic artifact analysis and wrote the artifact section of this report. Short resumes of project personnel are provided elsewhere (Appendix A).
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Pomona Valley Creamery
HISTORIC BACKGROUND
Although the first settlers of Pomona were the Gabrielenos, during the 1700s the valley was known as Rancho San Jose and was part of Mission San Gabriels grazing lands. Early in the nineteenth century, two soldiers, Don Ingacio Palomares and Don Ricardo Vejar petitioned the governor for rights to the land, and on April 15, 1837 the rights were granted. In 1863 Vejar's portion, Rancho San Abajo, was passed on to two merchants from Los Angeles, and then on to Louis Phillips in 1866. Phillips sold 5,600 acres to a group of speculators in 1875, who laid out the present street grid (Figure 5). They named the area "Pomona" after the Roman goddess of fruit and fruit trees. [Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009]
Figure 5. A birds eye view of Pomona before 1925
The Southern Pacific Railroad was built through the area in the 1870s. In 1876 a financial panic and a bankruptcy auction of land brought new people. Pomona incorporated as a city in 1888,
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Pomona Valley Creamery partly to get rid of the growing number of saloons cropping up. However, they werent successful until 1911, when the city became dry eight years before the 18th Amendment was passed. Vineyards flourished in the 1880s, supplying the winemaking and raisin industries. Citrus orchards and olive groves replaced vineyards in the 1890's and, through its agricultural enterprises, Pomona maintained an economic lead in the valley. [Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008; Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009]
Pomona is credited with having the valleys first telephone via Los Angeles (1885), the worlds first high voltage transmission line (1892), the valleys first hospital (1904), the worlds first wireless coordination of aerial bombing attacks at an air show (1914), the first automated telephone switchboard west of the Mississippi (1915) and the first city in America to require garbage disposals in new homes (1952). The LA County Fairgrounds were established in 1922. [Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008]
The Interstate 10 freeway was constructed through Pomona in 1954, destroying homes and driving businesses away. Starting in 1977, antique store owners, artists and the Western University of Health Sciences began refurbishing historic buildings downtown; in 1994 the City recognized downtown as a major educational and cultural district. The fairgrounds also developed into the Fairplex in 1984, becoming a year-round venue for expositions and entertainment. [Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008]
The Pomona Valley Creamery was originally located in a residential neighborhood with subdivided city lots. In fact, the Creamery itself was situated on a former house lot. The 1895 and 1906 Sanborn Maps show the single-story, single family residence that the Creamery replaced (Figure 6, Figure 7). The 1895 Sanborn Map shows that the home had an outhouse to the northwest corner of the property but the 1906 map shows that by that time the outhouse had been removed and a stable had been built.
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Pomona Valley Creamery The 1909-1910 Pomona City Directory provided listings of those who lived on this block, as well as on the block to the east (Table 1). The homes on these blocks were small, unassuming buildings with little decoration (Figure 8).
Figure 6. 1895 Sanborn map showing a single family residence with an outhouse on the property
Figure 7. 1906 Sanborn Map showing the same residence with a stable on the property
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Figure 8. 737 E. 2nd Street
Table 1. List of residents from the 1909-1910 Pomona City Directory

611 637 661 687 719 737 751 757 765 781 797 D.M. Drinnon, laborer; Miss Pearl Drinnon, Sanitary Laundry Mrs. Lola sands, Pomona Steam Laundry Frank Lacey, teamster, National Lumber Company Mary Moore; Jessie Moore; Miss Martha Moore, Pomona Steam Laundry Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier George M. Peer, machinist, Pomona Manufacturing Company Unknown Unknown Unknown David L. Close, laborer; Ray close, clerk, Bowen's Dry Goods; Miles Newman, retired G.E. Bevers, retired; Miss Josie Mundell, The Progress; Miss Linda Mundell, Pomona Steam Laundry
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Pomona Valley Creamery The 1911 Sanborn map shows that the Pomona Valley Creamery has taken the place of the residence at 661 E. 2nd Street and built a small shed as well as retaining the stable to the center rear of the property (Figure 9). The 1911 Pomona City Directory listings show that the residents surrounding the Creamery have changed as well (Table 2). The Creamery opened for business in 1912 by Leonard Hargrave and George Blanchard (LSA Associates 2007). The Pomona Valley Creamery was the first creamery to be established in Pomona Valley (Figure 10).
Figure 9. 1911 Sanborn Map showing the newly built Pomona Valley Creamery
Figure 10. Advertisement for the Pomona Valley Creamery in the 1919-20 Pomona City Directory (Pomona Public Library)
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Pomona Valley Creamery Table 2. List of residents from the 1911 Pomona City Directory
611 637 661 687 719 737 751 757 765 781 797 Mrs. Mary JB Hughes Canuto Loy, laborer Pomona Valley Creamery Jessie M. Moore, clerk; Mary A. Moore (widow of Charlie); Mattie Moore, Pomona Steam Laundry; Alfred Smith, janitor, Christian church Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier Horace L. Murphy, molder, Pomona Manufacturing Company; George M. Peer, machinist, Pomona Manufacturing Company Julia B. Tubbs (widow of Luther E.); Winthrop D. Tubbs (Tubbs and Dawson), San Joaquin Land Company Unknown George W. Billings, rancher; Mary M. Billings (widow of Alonzo W.) Henry M. Sanks, machinehand; James W. Sanks, engineer; John B. Sanks, civil engineer Charlie P. Gregg, laborer; Marguerite L. Kendell, dressmaker
By 1916, the residents of the neighborhood had changed yet again and the block to the east had added more addresses (Table 3). Table 3. List of residents from the 1916-1917 Pomona City Directory
611 637 661 687 719 721 737 745 751 757 765 781 797 Mary J. Hughes (widow of JW) Frank Aquilara, laborer Pomona Valley Creamery Unknown Mrs. Mary Frantzmeier Fred E. Hoard; George E. Hoard, student Edward Lathrop Ella Pride (widow of NH); George N. Pride, laborer; James L. Pride, laborer; Lee J. Pride, student; Norman Pride, laborer Unknown Unknown Unknown Frank C. Sanks, Booth and Sanks (blacksmiths); Henry M. Sanks, lineman, Edison Company; James W. Sanks Unknown
The 1928 Sanborn Map shows that the creamery had made some improvements such as an Lshaped open addition and an addition to the stable. The shed was moved as well (Figure 11).
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Figure 11. 1928 Sanborn Map showing improvements to Creamery
Also of note is the change in the surrounding neighborhood. By 1928 the houses surrounding the Creamery are gone (Figure 12, Figure 13). The blocks to the north and to the west of the Creamery are commercial, although the blocks to the south and to the east of the Creamery are still residential.
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Figure 12. 1928 aerial map showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area
The 1950 Sanborn Map shows significant changes to the rear of the main building, with the stable having been demolished and an L-shaped truck loading dock having been constructed in its place. A boiler room was also added. The 1949 aerial and the 1950 Sanborn maps show the decreasing number of residential areas surrounding the Creamery (Figure 13). The block to the east of the Creamery is now mostly commercial. By 1968 the entire area is commercial, with Western University having constructed a parking lot to the south of the Creamery (Figure 14).
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Figure 13. 1949 aerial showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area
Figure 14. 1968 aerial showing the Pomona Valley Creamery area
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Pomona Valley Creamery The Pomona Valley Creamery building was a one-story industrial square building with an asymmetrical faade. It was constructed from ornamental concrete block, popular from about 1905 through the 1920s. The doors were wood, as were the double hung sash window sashes. At one point and up until 1955, the Creamery had a metal sign in the shape of a milk bottle with the words Pomona Valley Creamery painted on it. Neon tubing outlined the sign, which sat above the roofline on the east elevation on a pair of metal posts. Sometime around the early 1950s, the Creamery itself was painted white with blue trim around the doors, windows and attic vents (Figure 15).
Figure 15. Early 1950s postcard of the Pomona Valley Creamery (Pomona Heritage) By the mid-1950s the Creamery outgrew its small facilities on E. 2nd Street and moved to Montclair. The Creamery building remained vacant for a number of years before eventually housing a number of retail shops such as a screen-making business and a shoe store. It was then owned by Western University and sat vacant again until it was demolished in November 2006.
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FIELD INVESTIGATIONS
METHODS Cogstone Resource Management Inc. conducted an archaeological survey of the rough graded project site on March 20, 2007. The survey consisted of a two person crew walking parallel transects spaced at approximately 4 meter intervals over the project parcel while closely inspecting the ground surface. The project location and some detailed features were photographed to document the condition of the proposed project area. The goals of the survey were to find any artifacts or features that could be associated with the demolished historic creamery. A total of twenty artifacts were recovered from the project block during survey. Most of the diagnostic artifacts were determined to be domestic and consisted of glass, ceramic, metal and bone. All were recovered from the easternmost lot but were scattered in location. These have been integrated into the surface finds section below.
Cogstone conducted monitoring of the project in June and July of 2007 in concert with construction grading. The construction contractor failed to properly notify Cogstone of the start of grading and an additional incident of non-compliance occurred when the contractor did not inform Cogstone of resumption of grading activity after a down period. Some 270 artifacts were recovered during monitoring from four discrete trash pits and scatter.
Artifacts recovered were cleaned, identified and photographed. They were also classified into functional categories and catalogued (Appendix B, C). Artifacts in good condition have been placed on permanent display at the Pomona Ebell Museum of History. The historical archaeological site was formally recorded as California Historic Resource P-19-003758 (Appendix D).
RESULTS Three small discrete trash pits (Features 1-3 from north to south) were discovered along the lot line between the Pomona Valley Creamery parcel and the one just east of it on the northern half of the parcel and a large trash pit (Feature 4) was discovered along the western property line at about the midpoint (Figure 16). All of the trash pits appear to predate the Creamery (based on Cogstone 16
Pomona Valley Creamery artifact dates) and were most likely deposited by the residence visible on historic maps from 1895 to 1910 although they may also have been deposited by the neighboring residences on each side.
Scatters of artifacts were discovered after both instances of grading without Cogstones presence and likely result from disturbance of the trash pits and subsequent redistribution of the artifacts by the machinery. The trash pit artifact concentrations were found between 4-9 feet below the original ground surface. Feature 1 was the only one to contain ash in addition to artifacts.
Figure 16. Location of Features
Numerically, cultural materials from surface collection were most abundant. However, since demolition and grading preceded Cogstones arrival on the project many of the surface items could have been displaced from one or more of the trash pits by the earthmoving activities. This is supported by the similarity between the material types recovered. Overwhelmingly, glass and ceramics dominate the collection, although bone, carbon, metal, rubber, shell and wood were also present (Table 4).
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Pomona Valley Creamery Table 4. Summary of materials recovered

Material Bone Carbon Ceramic Glass Metal Rubber Shell Wood Grand Total Feature 1 1 8 1 5 1 10 14 4 99 163 2 11 1 4 39 44 10 65 79 12 2 Feature 2 Feature 3 Feature 4 1 Surface Collection 4 Grand Total 5 1 106 146 23 3 5 1 290
Artifacts associated with Feature 1 generally represent domestic and personal activities (Table 5). Except for twelve fragments of one milk bottle, none of the artifacts appear to be related to the Creamery or to other commercial activities in the area. Most of the artifacts associated with Feature 2 can not be definitely placed in a category; those that can generally represent domestic activities and do not appear to be generally related to the Creamery or to other commercial activities, except for the possibility of milk bottle fragments. The category distribution of artifacts in Feature 3 is generally the same as those in Feature 2. As discussed above, the bulk of the assemblage is provided by Feature 4. The vast majority of these artifacts represent domestic activities, and unlike the other features, artifacts recovered from Feature 4 could possibly be related to the Creamery or to other commercial activities in the area. Table 5. Functional categories represented in Features
Category Activities Domestic Indefinite Use Personal Structural Unidentified Use Grand Total Feature 1 63 2 11 2 78 Feature 2 31 46 Feature 3 3 3 Feature 4 5 67 18 11 11 18 130 Grand Total 5 164 69 22 11 22 293
1 78
1 7
The following table presents a summary of what activities are represented by the items recovered during the surface collection, both during the survey and during monitoring activities. Domestic artifacts account for 56% of the trashpits and the surface collection demonstrating their unity of Cogstone 18
Pomona Valley Creamery origin. Percentages of the other categories are also very similar to one another (Table 5, 6). Table 6. Functional categories represented in surface collections
Category Activities Domestic Indefinite Use Industrial Personal Structural Unidentified Use Grand Total Surface Collection 10 113 44 3 18 9 4 201
Feature 1 Feature 1 is a trash pit with 78 specimens, most of which are glass (Table 7). Carbon and rubber are also represented by a single item each. Table 7. Items by material collected from Feature 1
Item Bottle Bottle, milk Bottle, pharmaceutical Comb Glass, decorative Lamp chimney Unidentified Grand Total Carbon Glass 2 12 10 3 48 1 76 Rubber Grand Total 2 12 10 1 3 48 2 78
1 1
Glass
Among the diagnostic glass artifacts (whole and fragments) are milk bottle fragments and a pharmaceutical bottle. Glass from a decorative piece and fragments of a lamp chimney were also recovered. Only clear and cobalt glass occur in this trash pit.
Datable glass items date from the mid-1870s up to 1969, but have overlapping manufacture dates suggesting a general deposition date of the beginning of the 20th-century. A discussion of the diagnostic items follows.
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Two fragments of one clear, paneled bottle with unidentified contents embossed with an encircled A were recovered. This mark is attributed to the glass division of the Armstrong Cork Company, which operated in Lancaster, Pennsylvania between 1938 and 1969 (Whitten n.d.).
One whole, cobalt pharmaceutical bottle was recovered (Figure 17). The bottle was manufactured on a cup mold with a tooled, patent finish; method of manufacture combined with the small size of the bottle suggests a date between the mid-1870s and the 1910s (Lindsey 2007). When retrieved, the bottle was corked and contained bits of paper and a dozen dark, round, pea-sized objects. Although classified as a pharmaceutical bottle based on size and shape, cobalt was a common color for poisonous substances and cosmetics (Lindsey 2007).
Figure 17. Pharmaceutical bottle with contents
Twelve fragments of one milk bottle were also recovered from the Feature 1 trash pit. Unlike the common milk bottle capseat finish used from the 1910s, this milk bottle has only a wide bead finish and no capseat. The bottle was blown in a mold with a tooled finish, indicating manufacture occurred before the 1910s (Lindsey 2007). As such, it is unlikely it is associated with the Creamery. Embossed lettering on the bottle is illegible.
Other
A large, vulcanized rubber comb found in the Feature 1 trash pit is marked ATLANTIC (Figure 18). Information on the manufacturer can not be obtained; between 1849 and 1851 Nelson Goodyear patented the manufacture of vulcanized, or hard, rubber (IMACS 2001).
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Figure 18. Hard rubber comb
A rectangular, unidentified object made up of carbon was retained. As the identity of the object is unknown, any possible date of manufacture can not be determined.
Feature 2 Feature 2 is a trash pit with 80 artifacts, most of which are glass and all of which are in very poor condition (Table 8). Ceramic and metal are the materials that made up the remainder of the artifacts, but only the glass items are helpful in ascertaining possible deposition dates.
Table 8. Items by material collected from Feature 2

Item Bottle Bottle, milk Dish, flatware Glass, drinking Pin Unidentified Grand Total Ceramic Glass 46 6 14 1 12 1 67 1 Metal Grand Total 46 6 12 14 1 1 80
12
Glass
The diagnostic glass artifacts in Feature 2 consist of several bottle fragments, datable only by method of manufacture. Apple and olive green and clear glass occur in the trash pit. Datable glass items date from the 1880s to the 1940s, overlapping manufacture dates suggest a general deposition date of around 1910. A discussion of the diagnostic items follows.
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Pomona Valley Creamery Eighteen of the olive green fragments exhibit faint concentric rings, indicative of manufacture on a turn mold. Lindsey (2007) states that the majority of bottles produced on a turn mold date between 1880 and 1915.
Six fragments of one clear milk bottle were recovered. Mold seams on the capseat finish indicate the bottle was produced by a press-and-blow machine, which was the main method of manufacturing milk bottles from the 1920s through the 1940s (Lindsey 2007).
Non-diagnostic glass include a round, clear bottle base embossed BOYD'S/[I]MPROVED (likely from a canning jar) and an apple green bottle body fragment embossed WATER (superimposed over N A). Several clear fragments from drinking glasses were also recovered, as was a faceted piece of clear glass (Figure 19).
Figure 19. Unidentified glass stopper or chandelier pendant
Ceramic
Twelve fragments making up one earthenware dish were recovered; the rim of the dish has a molded design and the overall pattern is a red and green decalcomania floral design (Figure 20). There is no makers mark and the dish remains unable to be dated.
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Figure 20. Ceramic dish fragments with floral design

Metal
A small straight pin with a round, blue, ceramic head was collected but is not diagnostic.
Feature 3 Feature 3 is also a trash pit from which 5 glass artifacts in poor condition were collected (Table 9). An aqua bottle base is the only diagnostic artifact in Feature 3 (Figure 21). Its manufacture on a cup mold suggests a deposition date of the 1890s to the 1910s; this serves as the only date for the trash pit. The other glass found consists of clear and white milkglass fragments. One drinking glass rim fragment has the same pattern as one from Feature 2, but there is no crossmend.
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Table 9. Items by material collected from Feature 3

Item Bottle Glass, drinking Unidentified Grand Total Glass 3 1 1 5 Grand Total 3 1 1 5
Figure 21. Aqua bottle base
Feature 4 The largest trash pit, Feature 4, yielded the highest number of artifacts (Table 10). Most of these represent domestic activities not likely associated with the Creamery, but some artifacts represent activities that are more ambiguous as to what they were originally associated with. Glass and ceramic materials made up the bulk of the Feature 4 assemblage, followed by metal, faunal bone, shell and rubber. Table 10. Items by material collected from Feature 4
Item Bone Boot Bottle Bottle, alcohol Bottle, food Bottle, ink Bottle, milk Bottle, toiletry Bracket Crock Cup Dish Dish, decorative Dish, flatware Dish, hollowware Doll Glass, decorative Bone 10 Ceramic Glass Metal Shell Grand Total 10 1 16 3 1 3 6 1 1 1 2 6 2 22 9 3 1
16 3 1 3 6 1 1 1 1 6 2 22 7 3 2 1 1
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Grand Total 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 2 2 1 8 1 1 11 2 1 129
Item Hand drill Handle Handle, cup Hoe Insulator Insulator, nail knob Jar Jar, cold cream Jar, toiletry Lid liner Ring Shell Spice shaker Spring Unidentified Window Wiring cleat Grand Total
Bone
Ceramic
Glass
Metal 1 1 1
Shell 1
1 1 3 3 1 2 2 1 8 1 4 2 10 1 46 50 1 7
14
Glass
A total of 50 glass specimens were recovered from Feature 4, representing six activity groups including domestic, personal and structural. Among the diagnostic glass fragments, beverages, cosmetic and other toiletry products, inks and food storage are represented. The glass colors include clear, aqua, olive and apple green, light sapphire blue, white milkglass, amber and suncolored amethyst. The diagnostic glass from Feature 4 ranges in date from the 1870s to the mid-20th-century. Overlapping manufacture dates suggest a general deposition date of 1880 to 1920.
Beverages
Beverage containers recovered represent alcohol and milk bottles. These are all diagnostic and are discussed below. One whole, olive green bottle, one olive green nearly-whole bottle and one amber bottle base were all determined to have held alcohol and all were produced on a turn mold, probably between 1880 and 1915 (Lindsey 2007). One bottle is etched THOS MCMULLEN & CO'S/WHITE LABEL; no information on the maker can be found.
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Pomona Valley Creamery Three of the six milk bottle fragments are useful for dating Feature 4. A capseat and neck fragment and a base fragment recovered are amethyst in color. Between about 1880 and 1920, manganese was added to some glass during the manufacturing process in order to turn it clear (IMACS 2001). Depending on the amount of manganese used and the amount of sunlight the glass was exposed to, glass eventually turned amethyst in color. Combined with the method of production, the probable date of the bottles is between the 1910s and 1920. Another clear milk bottle base is embossed WEBER (in square) and dates to between the 1910s and the 1940s.
Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Several jars and one bottle can be definitely identified as having held medicinal products and other toiletries, notably Mentholatum and cold cream. Two white milkglass jars, one whole and one nearly whole, are embossed MENTHOLATUM/R.E.G./TRADE/MARK. The Mentholatum Company has been operating under this name since 1906, manufacturing non-prescription drugs and other health care products, including Mentholatum Ointment (a blend of camphor and menthol) (Answers.com 2007).
Another nearly-whole, white milkglass jar was retained. Based on the mark (MODJESKA COLD CREAM/LARKIN SOAP CO/2/BUFFALO, NY) and method of manufacture, the jar was determined to have been produced between 1905 and 1962 (Odell 1999). The Larkin Soap Company, based in Buffalo, NY, made a variety of soaps and toiletry items since the late 19thcentury and until 1962 (Odell 1999). In 1886, the company produced a line of soap, perfume, tooth powder and cold cream named for the Shakespearean actress Madame Helena Modjeska (LaChiusa 2002). It is unknown for how long the Larkin Soap Company continued to produce this line.
A decorative, clear, frosted bottle with an embossed R monogram most likely held a toiletry product such as perfume.
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Other
Three whole ink bottles were recovered. Two of these are identical, clear and embossed CARTER'S/9/MADE IN/U.S.A. (Figure 22). Carters Ink was formed in 1858 and became one of the largest ink producers; it was bought in 1976 by the Dennison Company (Faulkner and Faulkner 2003). Based on the method of manufacture, these ink bottles were made between 1905 and the 1920s (Lindsey 2007). The third ink bottle is aqua and made on a cup mold, placing its date of manufacture between the 1890s and the late 1910s (Lindsey 2007). The number 3 is embossed on the base of the bottle and the maker can not be determined.
Figure 22. Carters Ink bottle
Food
Two whole items and two fragments representing food containers were retained for analysis.
A whole, wide-mouth bottle was manufactured on an Owens automatic bottle machine, likely between 1905 and 1920. The shape indicates the bottle was used for pickles or for other preserved foods (Lindsey 2007). The maker can not be determined as the bottle was only embossed 5407/7.
One whole canning jar lid liner and an additional lid liner fragment were recovered. The whole liner is embossed BOYD'S GENUINE PORCELAIN LINED CAP/5. Canning jar lid liners were patented in 1871 for use with threaded zinc lids (Lindsey 2007). They were commonly referred to as porcelain but are in fact white milkglass.
Finally, a fragment of a clear, pressed glass, decorative spice shaker was recovered. The date of manufacture is unknown.
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Other
A diagnostic makers mark was observed on a clear glass bottle, the original use of which is unclear. The bottle is embossed A.F. HINDS/(monogram)/PORTLAND ME/U.S.A.//I(in diamond)/9 and was manufactured by the Illinois Glass Company between 1916-1929 in Alton, Illinois. Many of the other bottles in the Feature 4 assemblage, most of them fragmented, were determined to date to around the turn of the 20th-century based on mold features. Several fragments of decorative dishes were also recovered. Finally, of particular note are two fragments of aqua plate glass. Multiple fragments of this glass were observed scattered throughout the site. The thickness of this glass (0.2 inches) suggests an industrial application, perhaps used in the Creamery.
Ceramics
Forty-six ceramic artifacts were recovered from Feature 4, mostly representing domestic activities, although structural-related items were also observed. Among the ceramics recovered, the vast majority are dishes in poor condition and do not have diagnostic makers marks. Other ceramics include insulators and doll parts. Types of ceramics recovered include Euro-American porcelain, white earthenware, redware, Euro-American utility stoneware and Chinese porcelain.
A printed mark reading WARRAN[TED]/IRONSTONE CHINA/(floral design)/TRADE MARK/JOHN EDWARDS/ENGLAND was observed on the base of dish fragment. John Edwards, later J. Edwards & Company, was a Stoke-On-Trent Potter who began in 1847 (Birks n.d.). The particular mark observed on this dish was used between 1880 and 1900. However because ceramics have a longer shelf life than glass, it is very possible that the dish was deposited in the trash pit much later.
As mentioned previously, most of the undiagnostic ceramics are pieces of dishes, both flat and hollow. Redware fragments of what was probably a mixing bowl and a stoneware crock fragment were all recovered as well. Three doll pieces are all part of the assemblage, indicating the presence of children (Figure 23, 24, 25). One of the pieces is a pink, bisque head with no paint and baby features. The head is broken off at the neck. Two legs were also recovered. One is a bisque leg with a black shoe and Cogstone
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Pomona Valley Creamery blue, ribbed stockings. The other is porcelain but glazed and has a heeled, black boot and white stockings with blue stripes.
Figure 23. Bisque doll leg
Figure 24. Glazed porcelain doll leg
Figure 25. Bisque doll head
Ceramics associated with structural activities include insulators. One fragment of an insulator is marked 5134//7. Two whole nail knob insulators were recovered; one has remnants of blue paint and a ferrous screw through the middle. A porcelain wiring cleat was also recovered and marked A.P. Makers and dates of manufacturers can not be obtained for any of these items.
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Metal
Fourteen metal artifacts, all but one being ferrous and in poor condition, were recovered from Feature 4. Most of the items represent tools. None of these items are diagnostic and dates of deposition cannot be determined. Among the identifiable metal items are an enameled pot handle and cup, a spring, hand drill and a hoe.
Faunal
Ten animal bone fragments and nine pieces of shell were recovered from Feature 4. Among the animals represented by bone are cow, sheep, chicken, pig and rabbit. The larger animal bones represent steaks and soup bones. Shell types include gastropod and bivalve. Of particular interest is a utensil handle fashioned from abalone (Figure 26).
Figure 26. Abalone utensil handle.
Surface Collection 201 artifacts were collected during the initial pedestrian survey and during subsequent monitoring (Table 11). They were divided up into four areas: garage, general, northwest quadrant and trash pit back dirt. Table 11. Items by material collected from the surface
Item Air filter canister Bone Bottle Bottle, alcohol Bottle, condiment Bottle, food Bottle, infant formula Bone 14 40 5 1 3 1 Ceramic Glass Metal 1 Rubber Wood Grand Total 1 14 40 5 1 3 1
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Grand Total 2 5 1 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 24 3 24 8 1 2 3 1 7 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 1 201
Item Bottle, ink Bottle, milk Bottle, perfume Bottle, pharmaceutical Bottle, shoe polish Bottle, soda Bowl Bowl, serving Brick Cap Comb Cup Dish Dish, decorative Dish, flatware Dish, hollowware Dish, serving Doll Doorknob Gear Glass, decorative Glass, drinking Glass, reinforced Handle, cup Horseshoe Indeterminate Jar Jar, decorative Jar, food Jar, soy sauce Knife, butter Latch Lid Lid liner Mirror Muleshoe Pitchfork Rod Spice shaker Stemware Tile Unidentified Wall fixture Watch fob Window Grand Total
Bone
Ceramic
Glass 2 5 1 6 2 1
Metal
Rubber
Wood
1 1 1 1 2 5 24 3 24 8 1 2 3 1 7 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 14 80 1 90 14 2 1 1
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Glass
A total of 90 glass specimens were recovered from the general area. Among the diagnostic glass fragments, beverages, cosmetic and other toiletry products and foods are represented. The glass colors include clear, cobalt, aqua, olive and apple green, white milkglass, amber and sun-colored amethyst.
The diagnostic glass ranges in date from the 1870s to the 1940s. Overlapping manufacture dates suggest a general deposition date of the1880s to the early 1900s.
Beverages
Beverage containers recovered represent alcohol, soda and milk bottles. These are almost all diagnostic and are discussed below.
Five whole alcohol bottles were recovered. Three of these are amber in color and the fourth is olive green. The olive green bottle is a burgundy-style bottle with a champagne finish, produced on a turn mold between the 1880s and 1915 (Lindsey 2007). Two of the amber bottles are export-style bottles, produced on post molds. A.B.G.M. CO. is embossed on the base of one of these bottles, indicating manufacture by the Adolphus Busch Manufacturing Company between 1886 and 1900 (Toulouse 26:1971). The other bottle is embossed W.F.&S./5/MIL.. This mark is attributed to William Franzen and Son, who operated in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Whitten n.d.). The mark and method of manufacture suggests the bottle was made between 1900 and 1915. The fourth alcohol bottle is a straight-necked spirits cylinder, the method of manufacture of which and therefore the date of could not be ascertained. The fifth bottle is an amber, whole miniature alcohol bottle made after 1910.
One clear, whole milk bottle and two milk bottle fragments are included in the assemblage. A base fragment is embossed PVC and almost certainly associated with the Pomona Valley Creamery (Figure 27). The second fragment is embossed [ON]E PIN[T]. The whole milk bottle is embossed L.A.C./CREAMERY//2//T.M'F'G CO./15. As it was common for creameries to reuse bottles from competitors, it is possible that this bottle is associated with the Pomona Valley
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Pomona Valley Creamery Creamery. It is equally likely that it is associated with residences in the area. Milk bottles demonstrating mold seams observed on these bottles generally date from between the 1910s to the 1940s (Lindsey 2007).
Figure 27. Pomona Valley Creamery bottle base One whole, aqua soda or mineral water bottle found was determined to have been manufactured on a post mold between 1883 and 1896. Made in an export-style, the bottle exhibits a makers mark reading FHGW/4. This mark was used by the Frederick Heitz Glass Works in St. Louis, Missouri (Whitten n.d.).
Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Several jars and one bottle can be definitely identified as having held medicinal products and other toiletries, notably antacid, cod liver oil and perfume.
Three cobalt Bromo-Seltzer bottles were recovered; two are the same size and the third is smaller. Bromo-Seltzer was and continues to be today a popular antacid and pain reliever composed of acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. These bottles were manufactured post-1910s but do not have makers marks.
A clear bottle with a decagonal base profile is older, having been produced on a cup mold. This bottle dates to between the 1890s and the late 1910s (Lindsey 2007). The bottle is embossed CHAPOTEAUT//PARIS, a manufacturer of cod liver oil which is a nutritional supplement and used to ease the pain of arthritis (Figure 28).
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Figure 28. Cod liver oil bottle
One small perfume bottle, the neck of which had broken is embossed PALMER in script. Solon Palmer has been a manufacturer of perfume since 1847. The date of manufacture of the bottle can not be established, but the mark likely dates it to post-1871 (Toulouse 413:1971).
Foods
A clear condiment bottle that contained camp sauce was recovered. It is embossed LIBBY'S/(bull head w/ wings)/TRADE MARK/CAMP SAUCE//LIBBY MCNEILL & LIBBY/CHICAGO. The bottle has a standard club sauce finish; the mold seams from a cup mold date the bottle to between the 1890s and the late 1910s (Lindsey 2007).
A small, partial bottle manufactured on a cup mold is embossed MELLIN'S FOOD//FREE SAMPLE//P/3 (Figure 29). In the 1890s, Mellins Food was a powder added to milk to make baby formula, which had recently become popular (Olver 2004). Figure 29. Mellins Food sample bottle Two identical, white milkglass jars, one whole and one partial were recovered. These are embossed THE CUDAHY PACKING CO/U.S.A. Although it is unclear as to what type of food
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Pomona Valley Creamery product the jars originally held, the Cudahy Packing Company was a leading food company by the mid-1920s (Chicago Historical Society 2005). These jars were manufactured after 1890.
Three whole, clear bottles were determined to be food-related based on shape and size. One of these is embossed with a makers mark attributed to the Illinois Pacific Glass Corporation in San Francisco, California and made between 1925 and 1930. The other two bottles were made between the early 1900s and 1940s and between 1905 and 1920.
A white milkglass lid liner for canning jars dates to post-1871 (Lindsey 2007). Finally, a clear, pressed glass spice shaker in good condition was recovered but is non-diagnostic.
Other Bottles
Among the other bottle types found are ink and shoe polish. Many of these are in good condition. One apple green ink bottle was manufactured on a cup mold and is embossed with the number 363. It dates to the 1870s (Lindsey 2007). Another clear, whole ink bottle dates to between 1905 and the 1920s. A clear, whole ink bottle dating between 1905 and the 1920s, and a partial, clear serving dish were recovered.
One of the shoe polish bottles, square in base profile, is embossed FRANK/MILLER'S/CROWN/(crown)/DRESSING/NEW YORK/U.S.A.//14 (Figure 30). No further information could be obtained on the maker, but the bottles production on a cup mold suggests it dates to between the 1890s to the late 1910s (Lindsey 2007). The second shoe polish bottle is the more common round profile shape and was produced in an automatic bottle machine, dating it to after the 1910s.
Figure 30. Frank Millers Crown Dressing shoe polish bottle.
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Three bottles with unidentified contents were observed to have makers marks; the companies and dates represented are the Owens Illinois Glass Company (post-1910s), Parke, Davis & Company (post-1875) and the Whitall Tatum Company (1901-1910) (Toulouse 403, 417, 544:1971).
Other Glass Items

Other glass products other than bottles that were recovered include a partial sun-colored amethyst drinking glass dating to between 1880 and 1920, reinforced glass, a stemware fragment, a mirror fragment and another fragment of thick, aqua plate glass.
Ceramics
Eighty ceramic artifacts were recovered from the general project area, dominating domestic activities, although structural-related items were also retained. Among the ceramics recovered, most are dishes in poor condition with no diagnostic makers marks. Other ceramics include a doll part, door knobs and tile. Types of ceramics recovered include Euro-American and Chinese porcelain, white earthenware, vitrified earthenware, redware and Euro-American and Chinese utility stoneware. Diagnostic ceramics are discussed below; again it should be noted that ceramics have a longer shelf life than glass.
The work of four Stoke-On-Trent, England, potters was noted (Birks n.d.). The base and half of the body of a serving bowl is printed with the mark [ROYAL IRONSTO]NE CHINA/(crest)/[A]LFRED MEAKIN./ENGLAND.. Meakin used this mark before 1897. The mark of Arthur J. Wilkinson is printed on the base of a bowl fragment (Figure 31). The mark, reading ROYAL IRONSTONE CHINA/(crest)/A.J. WILKINSON/ENGLAND, was used before 1896. WARRANTED/IRONSTONE CHINA/(floral design)/TRADE MARK/JOHN EDWARDS/LTD/ENGLAND., the printed mark used by the potter of the same name was used between 1880 and 1900 and was also seen in the Feature 4 assemblage. New Wharf Pottery is also represented by a small base fragment. The printed mark appears blurry in a flow blue style and was used between 1891 and 1894.
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Figure 31. Arthur J. Wilkinson bowl base
Two ceramic dish fragments were produced in the United States. On the underside of one bowl, the printed mark reads W.E.P. CO./CHINA, the mark used by West End Pottery in Liverpool, Ohio between 1893 and 1938 (Lehner 512:1988). This piece features a bright decalcomania design of cherries and cherry blossoms on its interior. Another earthenware dish fragment makers mark is a printed mark reading [STE]RLING/(crown)/[CH]INA. It was produced by the Sterling China Company in Sebring, Ohio around 1900 (Lehner 440:1988). One complete, Chinese utility stoneware jar with a thick, brown glaze was recovered (Figure 32). These were utilized for many types of bulk liquids including soy sauce. Also retained was a partial brick stamped P. B. CO./...ONA, CAL.
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Figure 32. Chinese jar As mentioned previously, most of the non-diagnostic ceramics are pieces of dishes, both flat and hollow. A large stoneware lid, nearly complete, was also recovered. The remainder of the ceramic artifacts recovered is largely non-diagnostic.
Two doll pieces retained consists of a porcelain womans head. The head is glazed and its features include a black pin-curl hairstyle over white skin, black eyes and eyebrows and red nostrils, lips and cheeks (Figure 33). The second doll piece consists of a portion of a clear-glazed porcelain leg. Two clear-glazed porcelain doorknobs and one black-glazed porcelain doorknob were all noted, as was a teal-green ceramic tile.
Figure 33. Glazed porcelain doll head
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Faunal Bone
Fourteen animal bone fragments representing cow, sheep and pig were identified.
Metal
Fourteen metal artifacts, mostly ferrous, were collected. Most of these are non-diagnostic and as such are not able to be dated.
A non-ferrous metal item, a small watch fob attached to an additional ring of metal was collected from the surface. A scene depicting a Japanese lady, pagoda and cherry tree is represented on the piece (Figure 34).
Figure 34. Watch fob
Other metal items include an object tentatively identified as an automobile air filter canister dating to post-1950, a pitchfork head, a gear, butter knife, a cap that appears to have been used in industrial applications, two horseshoes, two draft horseshoes and one muleshoe.
Rubber
Two vulcanized rubber items were collected: a large, vulcanized rubber comb marked 7-10/USA and a fragment of a vulcanized rubber comb.
Wood
One wood item was recovered: an unidentified tool that consists of two wood handles attached by a small, ferrous metal connector.
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CONCLUSIONS
Evidence of the lives of early residents of Pomona is preserved below the shallow veneer of development in downtown areas. The early twentieth century construction and operations of the Pomona Valley Creamery left little behind. Trashpits associated with late nineteenth century families that preceded the Creamery on the parcel were well-preserved and offer a portrait of their lives in early Pomona.
Most of the items confirm the presence not just of households but also describe the types of people that lived in the houses. The ceramic doll parts and baby formula bottle speak to the presence of children. Many of the ceramic dishes were from England, which was and continues to be common. Patterned dishes and fragments of decorative glass and porcelains demonstrate the aesthetic tastes of the women who lived here and suggest that they were at least of middle-class status. Other evidence of women includes cold cream jars and a perfume bottle.
Multiple alcohol bottles are indicative that at least some of the residents here did not particularly care for the growing religious and political temperance movements at the time that eventually led to Prohibition in 1920. Pharmaceutical bottles attest to residents desire to cure what ailed them, using many preparations that are available today.
The activities of the residents, according to their trash, point to writing and stable operations. Five ink bottles were recovered, as were several horse and muleshoes and a pitchfork. The ink bottles are evidence that residents were literate, and the equine shoes are expected as the Sanborn maps show the presence of stables behind each residence.
The trash that the residents of Pomona left behind before the Creamery was built represents typical families. The people that lived here were apparently well-off enough to afford toys for their children, decorative items for their homes and perfume for themselves.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Future cultural resources assessments in old downtown Pomona should be conducted by qualified historical archaeologists and should include review of Sanborn and other historic maps to determine the potential for subsurface historical archaeological resources. No grading should be permitted without a prior assessment study. Mitigation recommendations from the assessment report should become project grading conditions. The requirement for presence of archaeological monitors or other cultural resource requirements should be printed on the approved grading plans to make the grading contractor responsible in addition to the project proponent.
The Citys existing standard condition for grading (see below) could be revised to provide greater protection to surface and subsurface historical archaeological resources associated with construction sites. We recommend formal revision with division into assessment and mitigation components consistent with CEQA.
Current Cultural Resources Grading Condition. Prior to the issuance of the first preliminary or precise grading permit, and for any subsequent permit involving excavation to increased depth, the applicant shall hire a historian, credentialed to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Housing (Director), to conduct an analysis of the project site to determine whether there is evidence that the site may contain significant historical/cultural resources. If such a determination is made, the applicant shall provide letters from a historian and/or an archeologist stating that the applicant has retained these individuals, and that the consultant(s) will be on call during all grading and other significant ground disturbing activities. The historian and/or archeologist shall meet with Community Development Department staff and shall submit written recommendations specifying procedures for historical/cultural resource surveillance. These recommendations shall have been reviewed and approved by the Director prior to issuance of the grading permit and prior to any surface disturbance on the project site. Should any historical/cultural resources be discovered, no further grading shall occur in the area of the discovery until the Director of Planning and Housing is satisfied that adequate provisions are in place to protect these resources.
PROPOSED NEW CULTURAL RESOURCES CONDITIONS (1) No grading permit will be issued until the project proponent has submitted a cultural resources assessment conducted by a qualified archaeologist to the satisfaction of the Director of the Community Development Department (Director). A cultural resources assessment report
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Pomona Valley Creamery will include record searches to determine if previously identified resources exist in the vicinity, background research including review of historic maps and other documents, a sacred lands record search requested from the Native American Heritage Commission, a surface survey, synthesis of results, determination of the sensitivity of the project to produce cultural resources and mitigation recommendations. A qualified archaeologist is defined as an archaeologist listed at www.chrisinfo.org; this list contains personnel who meet the standards of the State Office of Historic Preservation. The City reserves the right to require peer review at the expense of the project proponent.
(2) If a project is determined to be sensitive for subsurface cultural resources, monitoring and reporting by a qualified archaeologist will be required at the level recommended by the assessment report. Monitors will maintain a daily log and map of specific locations monitored and will have the authority to divert grading to recover potentially significant cultural resources. Discoveries that meet the criteria for features (examples are trash pits, hearths, etc) will require that the discovery area be marked off with lath and flagging and that grading occur no closer than 50 feet from the discovery perimeter until the find has been evaluated by a cultural resources supervisor or principal investigator. An email detailing the evaluation will be sent to the project proponent and Director within 24 hours of the discovery. Features that meet significance criteria under CEQA will require testing and possibly data recovery, identification of artifacts, analysis and a report. Significant artifacts recovered will require curation. A final monitoring report detailing all results will also be submitted to the project proponent and Director. The project proponent is responsible to bear all costs of the monitoring program including curation. Final occupancy permits will not be issued for any project with cultural resource requirements until the City has accepted the final report which must include a letter from the curation facility stating that they are in possession of the artifacts.
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REFERENCES CITED
Answers.com 2007 The Mentholatum Company, Inc. Available at www.answers.com. Last accessed 2007. Birks, Steve n.d. Stoke-On-Trent Pottery and Ceramics. Available at www.thepotteries.org. Last accessed 2007. Chicago Historical Society 2005 Encyclopedia of Chicago. Available at www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org. Last accessed 2007. Downtown Pomona Owners Association 2008 Metro Pomona. Available at metropomona.com/metrohistory.php. Last accessed 2009. Faulkner, Ed and L. Faulkner 2003 Lets Talk About Ink. Available at www.fohbc.com/PDF_Files/Ink_Sp2003.pdf. Last accessed 2003. Gurcke, Karl 1987 Bricks and Brickmaking: A Handbook for Historical Archaeology. The University of Idaho Press, Moscow, Idaho. IMACS 2001 Intermountain Antiquities Computer System Guide. Available at www. anthro.utah.edu/imacs.html. Last accessed 2007. LaChiusa, Chuck 2002 John D. Larkin Biography. Available at ah.bfn.org/h/larkin/index.html. Last accessed 2007. Lehner, Lois 1988 Lehners Encyclopedia of U.S. Marks on Pottery, Porcelain and Clay. Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky. Lindsey, Bill 2007 Historic Glass Bottle Identification & Information Website. Available at www. sha.org/bottle/index.htm. Last accessed 2007. LSA Associates 2007 Historic Resources Assessment: The Pomona Valley Creamery, City of Pomona, Los Angeles County, California. Odell, Digger Cogstone 43
Pomona Valley Creamery 1999 Antique Bottle Price Guides. Available at www.bottlebooks.com. Last accessed 2007.
Olver, Lynne 2004 The Food Timeline Baby Food History Notes. Available at www.foodtimeline.org/foodbaby.html. Last accessed 2005. Pomona Chamber of Commerce 2009 A Brief History of Pomona. Available at www.route66ca.org/traveler/towns/25pomona/history.html#editor1. Last accessed 2009. Toulouse, Julian 1971 Bottle Makers and their Marks. Thomas Nelson, Inc., New York, New York.
Whitten, David n.d. Glass Factories that Manufactured Insulators. Available at myinsulators.com/glassfactories/. Last accessed 2007.
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APPENDIX A: QUALIFICATIONS
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SHERRI GUST Cogstone Paleontology Archaeology History

Registered Professional Archaeologist & Qualified Paleontologist EDUCATION
1994 1979 M. S., Anatomy and Cell Biology (Evolutionary Morphology), University of Southern California, Los Angeles B. S., Anthropology (Physical), University of California, Davis
SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Gust has more than 28 years of experience in California, acknowledged credentials for meeting national standards and is certified/qualified in all southern California cities and counties that maintain lists.
SELECTED REPORTS AND PROJECTS 2008 Gust, S., K. Scott and A. Glover. Archaeological and Paleontological Assessment and Mitigation Plan for the Scattergood Olympic Line, Los Angeles, California. Performed paleontological and archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for LADWP under subcontract to the IFC Jones & Stokes. 2008 Gust, S., and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment and Mitigation Plan for the Cold Canyon Landfill Expansion Project, San Luis Obispo, California. Performed paleontological and archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment, impact analysis and EIR section for County of San Luis Obispo under subcontract to the Morro Group. 2008 Gust, S., V. Harper and K. Scott. Cultural Resources Assessment of Nine School Sites for the Corona-Norco Unified School District. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment reports under contract to the Corona-Norco Unified School District. 2007 Gust, S., S. McCormick and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment Report for the Metrolink Expansion Services Project at Fullerton Station, City of Fullerton, California. Performed record searches, Native American consultation and survey and prepared evaluation report for OCTA under contract to Parsons Brinckerhoff Orange. 2007 Gust, S. Paleontological and Archaeological Literature Review for the Sea Lab Desalizination Plant, City of Redondo Beach, California. Performed archaeological and paleontological record search and literature review, evaluation of resources, and prepared final assessment report with recommendations for mitigation for the West Basin Municipal Water District under contract to RBF Consulting.
2007 Gust, S., S. McCormick and K. Scott. Paleontological and Archaeological Assessment Report for the Metrolink Expansion Services Project at Fullerton Station, City of Fullerton, California. Performed record searches, Native American consultation and survey and prepared evaluation report for OCTA under contract to Parsons Brinckerhoff Orange.
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Pomona Valley Creamery Cogstone Paleontology Archaeology History Archaeologist and Laboratory Supervisor
EDUCATION 2004 2004 B.S. Anthropology (Biological), University of California, Riverside Archaeological Collections Management Internship, San Diego Archaeological Center
AMY GLOVER
SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Glover has more than 4 years of experience in California, and knowledge in lab procedures, including the preparation of collections for curation. Glover also participates in fieldwork and specializes in historic artifacts. SELECTED PROJECTS AND REPORTS 2009 Gust, S., A. Glover and V. Harper. Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Report for the Yorba Elementary school Project in Corona, California. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for and under contract to the Corona-Norco Unified School District. 2008 Glover, A. and S. Gust. Phase I Archaeological Assessment Report for the Emerald Meadows Ranch West Project in Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological record search, Na-
tive American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for the County of Riverside under contract to Route 60, LLC.
2008 Glover, A., V. Harper and S. Gust. Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Report for the Norco High School Project in Norco, California. Performed archaeological record searches, Native American consultation, research, survey and prepared assessment report for and under contract to the Corona-Norco Unified School District. 2008 Glover, A. and S. Gust. Archaeological Assessment of the Pico Canyon Project, Los Angeles County, CA. Performed archaeological record search, research and prepared assessment with
recommendations for the Army Corps of Engineers under contract to Southern California Gas.
2008 Gust, S. and A. Glover. Supplemental Cultural Resources Assessment, Segment 1, Section 1, Tehachapi Renewable Transmission Project, Variance for Wire Stringing Location Near Construction Tower 25, Los Angeles County, California. Cogstone performed archaeological and paleontological pedestrian survey and prepared supplemental cultural resources assessment report for CPUC and California Edison under subcontract to Pacific Legacy. 2007 Gust, S., A. Glover and K. Houck. The Historic Los Angeles Cemetery (CA-LAN-3553), Los Angeles Metro Gold Line Project, East Portal Area, Los Angeles, California. Performed archaeological data recovery and field lab supervision, catalogued, identified and analyzed Euro-American and Chinese artifacts from over 150 human interments for the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
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APPENDIX B: FUNCTIONAL ARTIFACT CLASSIFICATION
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GROUP
Activities
CLASS
Commerce Entertainment Firearms Tools Reading Food Prep/Consumption Food/Food Storage Furnishings Misc. Beads Misc. Closures Misc. Containers Misc. Metal Items Machinery Accoutrements Clothing Footwear Grooming/Health Social Drugs Toys Bedding Hardware Materials -
ITEM EXAMPLES
coins gaming pieces, harmonicas bullets pocket knives, padlocks newspaper bowls, teapots animal bone, beverage bottles, crocks flower pots beads w/ more than one original use closures assoc. w/ unidentified contents containers w/ unidentified contents hardware w/ more than one original use battery coin purse frames, eyeglasses, jewelry buttons, buckles, hats shoes perfume bottles, pharmaceutical vials opium paraphernalia, alcohol bottles marbles blankets screws, nails tile, insulators unidentified items (amorphous metal, slag)
Domestic
Indefinite Use
Industrial Personal
Structural
Undefined Use
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APPENDIX C. CATALOG
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Cat Cat Analy- Cate1 2 sis gory Unit Class Subclass (Item) Mate- Type rial Product Technol- Pattern Mark Con Other Manufac- Origin ogy di- Diagnos- turer tion tic Features
Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents 3 (I Poor Base frag- Owens-Illinois Glass ment; plant Co. w/in O number at w/in left of logo diaindicates mond) manufac5 ture at either the Fairmont, WV, Chicago Heights, IL or Los Angeles, CA plant Decorative bead- Poor Rim portion; clear glaze ing
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

0.9
Max DiQty MNI Box Thic ame# knes ter s (in)

0.1 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 001 Surface Indefinite Misc. Containers
Bottle
Glass
Clear
http://ww 1.4 w.fruitjar. org/Plant Codes/O wensIllinois_files/ image001.gi f
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .5 1 3
1426 002 Surface Domestic Furnishings
Jar, decorative
Ceramic
Redware
1426 003 Surface Domestic Misc. Containers
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
Unidenti- Cup mold fied contents
Illegible
Poor Blake (variant 1) base profile, paneled sides
1890s-late 1910s
1426 004 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage
Bottle, milk
Glass
Clear
Automatic bottle ma- PVC chine (press and blow type)
Poor Base only
Mid-1910s1940s
1426 005 Surface Indefinite Misc. Containers 1426 006 Surface Unidenti- Unidentified fied Item
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents
RACIN Poor Partial base and body; round base profile /LO UG TEE Poor Convex, doesn't appear to be bottle fragment T/P UT UP/ E.W HO/ Poor Body fragment UPLAN (Staf- Poor Small base New Wharf Staffordshire, fragment, Pottery ford England probably Knot)/ flow blue NEW pattern WHAR F [POTTERY] /ENGL [AND] Poor Rim fragment
http://ww 4.7 w.anthro. utah.edu/i macs.htm l http://ww 2.6 w.blm.go v/historic _bottles/index .htm http://ww 3.4 w.blm.go v/historic _bottles/index .htm 1.9
4.7
1.9
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
2.9
2.1
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
2.5
0.5
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
2.8
0.6
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3 2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
Indeterminate
Glass
Clear
1.6
1.3
0.1
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidentified contents
1.8
1.6
0.1
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3 2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
Dish 1426 008 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Earthenware, semivitreous
1891-1894
http://ww 0.8 w.thepott eries.org/i ndex.html
0.4
0.1
Ceramic
Willow
0.8
0.7
0.2
2007ASG0320 43141 376867 Surface .11 1 3
Cogstone
51

Cat Cat Analy- Cate1 2 sis gory Unit Class Subclass (Item) Mate- Type rial Product Technol- Pattern Mark Con Other Manufac- Origin ogy di- Diagnos- turer tion tic Features Date Reference Max. Len gth (in)
1.6
Max. Widt h (in)

0.8

0.2 1 1 D
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 010 Surface Structural Materials
Window
Glass
Aqua
Poor Sample fragment; note thickness of glass -- probably creamery window glass
2007ASG0320 43136 376865 Surface .1 8 0
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents
Poor Patent finish
1885-1890
Knife, butter 1426 012 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 013 Surface Domestic Food/Food Bone Storage 1426 014 Surface Domestic Food/Food Bottle, milk Storage Dish, flatware 1426 015 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on Glass, drinking 1426 016 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 017 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 018 Surface Indefinite Misc. Containers 1426 019 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain4 ers Bone Bottle
Metal
Cupreous
Fair
http://ww 1.5 w.blm.go v/historic _bottles/index .htm 9.25
0.8
0.8
2007ASG0320 43138 376865 Surface .3 2 2
0.7
0.2
2007ASG0320 43140 376865 Surface .2 7 3 2007ASG0320 43140 376865 Surface .4 3 4 2007ASG0320 .4 2007ASG0320 .6 43140 3 43138 1 376865 Surface 4 376867 Surface 9
Bone Glass Ceramic Glass
cow Clear
femur, midshaft
Fair
round steak, 1/2" hand sawn 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.1 0.2
1 1 2
1 1 1
4 1 3
Earthenware, semivitreous Amethyst, sun-colored
[ON]E Poor Body fragPIN[T] ment Floral Poor Foot ring flow blue frags Fair 1880-1920
http://ww 3.5 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.5
0.1
2007ASG0320 43143 376868 Surface .9 9 4
Bone Glass
sheep Clear
femur, midshaft Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents Unidenti- Owens automatic fied con- bottle machine tents
Fair
hand sawn
1 2
1 2
4 1
Poor Wide-mouth bead finish w/ small handle, jug-style Illinois Alton, IL Good Round, A.F. Glass Co. small HINDS mouth, /(mono continuous, gram)/ external PORT threaded LAND finish, panME/U. eled front, S.A.//I( Blake (Variin ant 1) base diaprofile. mond)/ Probably 9 alcohol bottle. Boston, CART Good Round, wide-mouth MA finish (accepts cork), ER'S/9 Hopkin's square base /MADE profile, air vent mark, IN/U.S blister and multiple seed .A. bubbles 1916-1929 Toulouse 3.8 1972 1.8 0.9
2007ASG0320 .10 2007ASG0320 .7
43138 5 43139 0
376868 Surface 3 376868 Surface 2
Bottle
Glass
Clear
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 020 Feature Activities Writing 4
Bottle, ink
Glass
Clear
Carter's Ink
Automatic bottle machine
1905-1920s
2.1
2.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Cogstone
52

Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents 2 Good Round, wide-mouth bead finish, round base profile (cork inside bottle), air vent marks, seed bubbles, possible shoe polish
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

1.6

1.6 1 1 2
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 021 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain4 ers
Bottle
Glass
Clear
1905-1920
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 022 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Bottle, food
Glass
Clear
Owens automatic bottle machine
5407/7 Good Round, wide-mouth, continuous threaded finish, Blake (Variant 1) base profile, seed bubbles
1905-1920
2.1
1.7
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 023 Feature Personal Groom4 ing/Health
Bottle, toiletry
Glass
Clear
Good Patent finish, Blake (Variant 2) base 1885-1890 R(in profile, frosted glass, decorative monoshape gram)
3.4
1.7
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 024 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 025 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 026 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 027 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain4 ers 1426 028 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain4 ers 1426 029 Feature Domestic Furnishings 4
Dish, hollowware
Glass
Clear
Poor Rim frags
2.4
0.2
3.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5'
Bottle, milk Bottle, milk Bottle
Glass Glass Glass
Clear Clear Clear Unidentified contents
[QU Poor Shoulder ART] frag Poor Shoulder frag B5//W Poor Base EBER Poor Base frag w/ blister and seed bubbles Unidentified Poor Deep-scalloped rim frag w/ 8 pointed star pattern
2.6 2.5 Post-1920s
2.9 1.9 0.4
2.9 1.9 3
2 1 1
1 1 1
2 D 2
http://www.sha.o 3 rg/bottle/index.ht m 2.8 2.4 2.6 1.2
Bottle
Glass
Clear Clear
Unidentified contents Pressed
0.2 0.2
3.1
1 1
1 1
D 2
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Glass, decorative Glass
Bottle
Glass
Clear
ELI
Poor Wide-mouth, continuous, external threaded finish with ferrous metal cap intact
1.6
1.6
0.1
1.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Post-1905 U.S.A. Poor Paneled neck and narrow-mouth, continuous, external threaded finish frag, air vent marks. Possible condiment bottle.
0.8
0.09
0.8
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 032 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 033 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified 4 fied Item
Bottle Unidentified
Glass Glass
Clear Clear
Poor Cap seat finish fragment Poor Wgt: 30.76g
2.6
1.7
0.1
1 2
1 2
D D
2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0
376866 5 376866 5
Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5'
Cogstone
53

Poor Crown finish and neck frag
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

1

0.19 1 1 1 2
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle
Glass
Green, apple Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Green, apple Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Aqua
1880s-1920s
Bottle
Glass
Poor Patent finish and neck frag
1880s-1920s
http://ww 1.9 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1.4
0.06
0.9
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 036 Feature Structural Materials 4
Window
Glass
Poor Sample fragment; note thickness of glass -- probably creamery window glass
0.2
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Mentho- Automatic bottle malatum chine
Poor Crown finish frag with seed and blister bubbles
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
Poor Oil finish and neck frag
Bottle
Glass
Blue, light sapphire
Poor Patent finish and neck frag
Jar, toiletry
Glass
Milkglass, white
Jar, toiletry
Glass
Milkglass, white
Mentho- Automatic bottle malatum chine
Lid liner
Glass
Milkglass, white
Lid liner
Glass
Milkglass, white
MEN- Good Wide-mouth, external, continuous threaded finish, round base profile THOLATUM/R .E.G./T RADE/ MARK MEN- Fair Wide-mouth, external, continuous threaded finish, round base profile THOLATUM/R .E.G./T RADE/ MARK BOYD' Good S GENUI NE PORCELAIN LINED CAP/5 Poor
http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1880s-1920s http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1880s-1920s http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1906-mid 20th http://ww century w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
1880s-1920s
0.9
1.1
0.2
1.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
2.4
1.4
0.2
1.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1.5
1.4
0.19
1.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1.6
0.1
1.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1906-mid 20th http://ww 2 century w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
1.6
0.1
1.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Post-1871
http://ww 2.5 w.av.qnet .com/~gla ssman/ne wsletter/primer .pdf
2.5
0.1
2.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Post-1871
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
Poor Body fragment; wgt: 38.3g
http://ww 1.5 w.av.qnet .com/~gla ssman/ne wsletter/primer .pdf 1870s-mid 20th http://ww 2.9 century w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
0.2
2.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
0.2
2.9
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Cogstone
54

Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents Poor Wide mouth, continuous, external threaded finish
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

2

0.1 1.9 1 1 D
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
1426 046 Feature Domestic Furnishings 4
Dish, decorative
Glass
Milkglass, white
Poor Base fragment; possibly part of #238 but no crossmend.
1910-mid-20th http://ww 1.2 century w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm Pre-mid-20th http://ww 3.1 century w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1880-1915 http://ww 13 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 2.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1.5
0.2
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 047 Feature Personal Social Drugs 4
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Green, olive
Turn mold w/ applied finish
Good Blister bubbles
3.3
3.3
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 048 Feature Personal Toys 4
Doll
Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican
Poor Bisque leg with black shoe, light blue, ribbed sock
0.6
0.9
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Dish, flatware 1426 049 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Poor Molded, gilded scroll design around rim; probably part of #050 but no crossmend.
3.8
2.4
0.07
5.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Ceramic
Poor Molded, gilded scroll design around rim; probably part of #049 but no crossmend.
2.9
0.07
5.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Dish, flatware 1426 051 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Dish, flatware 1426 052 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Dish, flatware 1426 053 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican Bamboo and birds
Poor Foot ring frag Poor Rim and foot ring frag; molded design on rim
2.8
1.7
0.07
2.7
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
2.5
1.1
0.1
Poor Foot ring frag w/ blue and orange, hand-painted design. Design 3.2 is the same as #054 and #102 but not same piece.
1.6
0.1
2.7
Dish, hollowware 1426 054 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Bamboo and birds
Poor Rim frag w/ blue and orange, hand-painted design. Possibly part of #102 but no crossmend. Same design as #053 L88but not same piece.
2.4
1.3
0.1
4.3
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 055 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 056 Feature Structural Hardware 4
Wiring cleat Insulator
Ceramic Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican
A.P Poor 5134// Poor 7
1.7 1.2
0.7 1.3
0.6 1.3
1 1
1 1
3 3
2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0
376866 5 376866 5
Cogstone
55

Floral
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

3.5
Max. Widt h (in)

2.3

0.1 5.9 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Dish 1426 057 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Scalloped, gilded rim fragment w/ decalcomania pink and green floral design
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 058 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 059 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 060 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 061 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 062 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Dish, flatware
Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
Earthenware
Dish, flatware
Earthenware, white Earthenware, white Earthenware, white Earthenware, white
Poor Fireaffected rim frag Poor Fragments; wgt: 24.88g Poor Rim frags
2.2
1.9
0.1
8.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Dish, flatware
2.3
0.2
9.4
Dish, flatware
Poor Foot ring fragments Poor Embossed scroll rim fragments; matches #063 and #064 but no crossmends
1.9
0.2
5.1
Dish, flatware
1.9
0.2
9.4
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Embossed scroll rim fragments; matches #062 and #064 but no crossmends
2.6
2.4
0.1
9.4
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Embossed scroll rim fragments; matches #062 and #063 but no crossmends
2.5
1.9
0.2
9.4
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Dish, hollowware 1426 065 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Dish, flatware 1426 066 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 067 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 068 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 069 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 070 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 071 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 072 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Dish, flatware
Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
Earthenware, semivitreous Earthenware, white Earthenware, semivitreous Earthenware, semivitreous Earthenware, white Earthenware, white Earthenware, white Earthenware, semivitreous Floral
Poor Foot ring frag Poor Orange, green and blue floral transferware design Poor Rim fragment Poor Base fragment Poor Molded rim frag Poor Rim frag
2.9
1.8
0.1
3.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1.9
1.4
0.1
2.9
0.1
8.6
Dish
2.8
2.4
0.1
Dish, flatware
2.3
1.4
0.1
6.2
Cup
1.9
1.3
0.1
3.5
Dish
Poor Foot ring frag Poor Base frag
1.7
0.9
0.1
3.5
Dish, hollowware
1.9
1.4
0.1
Cogstone
56

Floral Poor Purple, green, orange and blue decalcomania floral design
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1
Max. Widt h (in)

0.9

0.1 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Dish 1426 073 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Dish, flatware 1426 074 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Floral
Dish, hollowware 1426 075 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 076 Feature Domestic Food/Food Crock 4 Storage 1426 077 Feature 4 1426 078 Feature 4 1426 079 Feature 4 1426 080 Feature 4 1426 081 Feature 4 Unidentified Item Unidentified Item Unidentified Item Unidentified Item Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 082 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 083 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 084 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 085 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 086 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 087 Feature Activities Tools 4 1426 088 Feature Activities Tools 4 Unidentified Unidentified Unidentified Unidentified Domestic Shell Shell Shell Shell Handle
Ceramic Ceramic Shell Shell Shell Shell Shell
Redware
CP/( Poor Base frag w/ pink and green hand-painted design; printed maker's mark crown) WARRAN[T ED] Poor Rim and base frags; white-glazed interior Poor Body frag w/ brown interior glaze Fair Good Fair Poor Fragments; wgt: 195.81g Fair Handle for a utensil Spire portion
1.8
1.3
0.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
3.1
0.2
3.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 376866 5 Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5'
Utility stoneware, EuroAmerican Gastropod Bivalve Bivalve Bivalve Abalone
3.5 5.4 5.1 2
3 2 3.8 1.6
0.4 1.8 1.4 0.4
1 1 2 1 4
1 1 1 1 4 1
3 4 4 4 D 4
1.7
0.7
0.1
Unidentified Unidentified Handle
Metal Metal Metal
Cupreous Ferrous Ferrous
Good Fair Fair Three square holes in hardware Hole at top for hanging W/ screws (bolts)
1.4 8.2 9.5
0.8 4.4 1
0.8 1.2 0.2
1 1 1
1 1 1
5 5 D
Bracket Spring Hand drill
Metal Metal Metal
Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous
Fair Fair Fair
3.9 2.6
0.8 1 6.5
0.1 0.1 2
1 1 1
1 1 1
D 5 D
Wood handle; whole but badly deteriorated
14
Hoe
Metal Metal Metal
Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous
Poor Blade and attachment for handle Fair Poor White enamel over metal
7 8 3
5.5 8 4.3
3.25 0.9 8 3.2
1 1 1
1 1 1
5 D 5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0 376866 5 376866 5 Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5'
1426 089 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified Ring 4 fied Item Cup 1426 090 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 091 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified Unidentified 4 fied Item 1426 092 NOT USED 1426 093 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Metal
Ferrous
Poor Amorphous metal; wgt: 1134g
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Bottle, milk
Glass
Amethyst, sun-colored
Poor Cap seat finish and neck fragment; seed bubbles
1910s-1920
2.3
0.2
2.2
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Cogstone
57

Modjeska Cold Cream Automatic bottle machine MOD- Fair JESKA COLD CREA M/LAR KIN SOAP CO/2/ BUFFALO, NY Good Larkin Soap Buffalo, WideCo. NY mouth, continuous, external threaded finish, round base profile.
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

2.2

0.1 2.2 1 1 2
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Jar, toiletry
Glass
Milkglass, white
1905-1962
http://ww 1.9 w.bottleb ooks.com /larkin.ht m
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 095 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 096 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Insulator, nail knob Bottle, milk
Ceramic Glass
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Clear
1.8 1910s-1940s http://ww 3.7 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 3.3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 3.7 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 2.6 0.4
1.6 3.7
1 1
1 1
3 2
Bottle, milk
Glass
Poor Round profile base fragWEment BER (in square ) Poor Round profile base fragment
2007AXA612.1 43140 0 2007AXA612.1 43140 0
376866 5 376866 5
1910s-1920
0.4
2.7
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Poor Round profile base fragment w/ air vent marks, blister and seed bubbles; cup bottom mold or early automatic bottle machine
Post-1890
0.1
1.9
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 099 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 100 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain4 ers
Spice shaker Bottle
Glass Glass
Clear Green, olive
Pressed Turn mold
Unidentified
Poor Possible salt or pepper shaker Poor Round profile base fragment, no kick-up 1880-1915
2.6 http://ww 3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 3.5 2
0.4 0.1
1.5 2.5
1 1
1 1
2 D
1426 101 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified 4 fied Item
Unidentified
Glass Ceramic
Clear Porcelain, EuroAmerican Bamboo and birds
Fair
Thick square piece w/ circular insets
3.5 1.3
1 0.08 4.3
2 1
1 1
2 3
Dish, hollowware 1426 102 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Poor Rim frag w/ blue, hand-painted design. Same design as #053 but not same piece. Possibly part of #054 but no crossmend.
Ceramic
WAR- Poor Base frag w/ printed RAN[T mark ED]/IR ONSTON E CHINA /(floral design)/T RADE MARK/ JOHN
John Edwards
England
1880-1900
1.7
0.1
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
Cogstone
58

EDWARD S/ENG LAND
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Green, olive
Turn mold
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Amber
Turn mold
THOS Fair MCMU LLEN & CO'S/ WHIT E LABEL Fair
New York, 1880-1915 Thomas Etched McMullen & NY mark on round base Co profile bottle w/ bulged neck Round base profile w/ bulged neck 1880-1915
http://ww 8 w.thepott eries.org/i ndex.html
0.1
2.4
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 106 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 107 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage
Jar, soy sauce Jar, food
Ceramic Glass
Utility stoneware, Chinese Milkglass, white Automatic bottle machine
Good Dark brown exterior glaze Good Round THE base profile CUDA HY PACKING CO/U. S.A. TH[E Poor Round base profile CUDA HY PACKING] CO/U. S.A.
Chinese Post-1890
http://ww 9.25 w.thepott eries.org/i ndex.html 5 http://ww 2.1 w.encyclo pedia.chica gohistory.org/p ages/263 5.html http://ww 2.1 w.encyclo pedia.chica gohistory.org/p ages/263 5.html http://ww 2.2 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
0.1
2.9
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
5.3 0.1 1.9
1 1
1 1
3 1
2007AXA612.2 2007AXA612.2
NW Quadrant NW Quadrant
Jar, food
Glass
Milkglass, white
Post-1890
1.1
0.1
1.9
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
1426 109 Surface Activities Writing
Bottle, ink
Glass
Clear
Good Hopkin's square base profile bottle 1905-1920s w/ narrow mouth, external, continuous threaded finish, blister bubbles, air vent marks
1.7
1.7
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
Bottle, infant formula
Glass
Aqua
Mellin's Food
Cup mold w/ tooled finish
MEL- Fair LIN'S FOOD/ /FREE SAMPLE//P /3
Round base profile, seed bubbles
1890s
http://ww 3.6 w.foodtim eline.org/f oodbaby.html
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
Cogstone
59

Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

2

2 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle, food
Glass
Clear
Bottle, food
Glass
Clear
IPC(in Good Octagonal Illinois Pa- San Fran- 1925-1930 base profile cific Glass cisco, CA trianCorp. w/ round, gle)/3 widemouth, external interrupted threaded finish Good Round base profile w/ round, wide- Early 1900s1940s mouth, external, interrupted threaded finish
http://myi 4.7 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks2.ht ml http://ww 4.25 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
2.1
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
Bottle, food
Glass
Clear
Good Round base profile w/ round, widemouth, external, continuous threaded finish
1905-1920
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
Spice shaker
Glass
Clear
Pressed
Unidentified
Good Greek cross-style bass profile w/ round, external, continuous threaded finish. Possible salt or pepper shaker.
2.4
1.75
1.75
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
1426 115 Surface Personal Social Drugs
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Amber
Good Miniature alcohol bottle w/ round base profile and straight brandy finish, blister bubbles
Post-1910
1.5
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
1426 116 Surface Personal Grooming/Health
Comb
Rubber Vulcanized
Dish, serving 1426 117 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 118 Surface Structural Materials Brick
Glass
Clear
Fair 710/US A Fair
Mega-comb
1.8
0.2
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant NW Quadrant NW Quadrant
Base is broken off; seed bubbles in glass Poss. Los Angeles Pressed Brick Co. foreshank, cleaned at midshaft, knife scars short rib, hand sawn Pomona, CA 1887-1926 Gurcke 1987
6.1
2007AXA612.2
Ceramic
P. B. Fair CO./... ONA, CAL. sheep radius,dista l, left rib, distal tarsometatarsus, left metapodial, shaft
5.7
4.1
2.4
2007AXA612.2
1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Bone
Bone
Bone Bone Bone
Bone Bone Bone
cow chicken pig
1 1
1 1 1
4 4 4
foot
Cogstone
60

innominate, complete, left
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

1 1 4
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bone
Bone
rabbit
male, knife scars on ischium, iliac crest and ischial tuberosity unfused
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5'
1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Bone Bone
Bone Bone
cow cow
tibia, proximal shaft, left humerus, distal shaft, left
hindshank, 4", hand sawn foreshank, hand sawn through olecranon fossa
1 1
1 1
4 4
1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage 1426 119 Feature Domestic Food/Food 4 Storage
Bone Bone Bone
Bone Bone Bone Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
cow pig cow
scapula, blade tibia, distal shaft, left femur, distal shaft
chuck steak, 3/4" hand sawn hindshank, 2 1/4", hand sawn round steak, 1/2" hand sawn Poor Rim and foot ring fragment Poor Molded handle Poor Leg with black boot, white stocking w/ blue stripe; glazed 3 2.2 0.1 6.2
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
4 4 4 D
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 0 5 3.5' 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 8' below 0 5 grade 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 8' below 0 5 grade 2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 8' below 0 5 grade
Dish 1426 120 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on Handle, cup 1426 121 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 122 Feature Personal Toys Doll 4
Earthenware, semivitreous Earthenware, semivitreous Porcelain, EuroAmerican
1.5
0.3
0.3
1.6
0.5
0.7
Cup 1426 123 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 124 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain- Jar 4 ers
Ceramic Glass
Earthenware, vitrified Milkglass, white Unidenti- Automatic bottle mafied con- chine tents
Fair
Handle broken off
2.8
0.2
2.7
2007AXA612.2
Surface to 8' below grade
Good Round base profile w/ round, exter- Post-1905 nal continuous threaded finish
http://ww 2 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1.9 1
0.1
1.6
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 8' below 0 5 grade
Dish 1426 125 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on Dish, hollowware 1426 126 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic Ceramic
Earthenware, white Porcelain, Chinese
Asian
JAPoor Foot ring fragment w/ PAN pagoda scene on interior Poor Rim fragment with pattern on exterior and interior in cobalt over clear glaze Chinese
0.1
1.5
2007AXA612.2
1.9
1.7
0.1
3.9
Dish 1426 127 Feature Domestic Food 4 Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Porcelain, Chinese
Poor Base frag w/ pattern and Chinese character on interior in cobalt over clear glaze; cobalt marks on exterior; probably square dish
1.4
1.2
0.1
Cogstone
61

Poor Pink bisque baby doll head, no paint, broken off at neck
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1.4
Max. Widt h (in)

1.2

1.3 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 128 Feature Personal Toys 4
Doll
Ceramic
1426 129 Feature Structural Hardware 4 1426 130 Surface Personal Clothing/Footwear Maintenance
Insulator, nail knob
Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Aqua Cup mold w/ tooled Frank finish Miller's Crown Dressing
Good Remnants of blue paint; ferrous screw through center FRAN Good French square base w/ patent finish; 1890s-late air vent marks 1910s K/MILL ER'S/ CROW N/(cro wn)/D RESSING/N EW YORK/ U.S.A./ /14 Boston, 1905-1920s CART Good Round, wide-mouth MA finish (accepts cork), ER'S/9 Hopkin's square base /MADE profile, air vent mark, IN/U.S blister and multiple seed .A. bubbles
2.9
1.5
2007AXA612.1 43140 376866 Surface to 8' below 0 5 grade 2007AXA612.2 Surface to 8' below grade
Bottle, shoe polish Glass
http://ww 5 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
1.7
1.7
Bottle, ink
Glass
Clear
Carter's Ink
2.1
2.1
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents
Good Buffalo oval base profile with patent 1890s-late finish, few seed bubbles. Cork is in 1910s bottle with liquid.
2.2
1.3
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Good Slender handy base profile with bead finish. Air vent marks, seed bubbles.
1890s-late 1910s
http://ww 5.5 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2.6 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 7.8 w.thepott eries.org/i ndex.html
2.2
1.2
Bottle, ink
Glass
Aqua
Good Round base profile with bead finish
1890s-late 1910s
1.9
Bowl, serving 1426 135 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Earthenware, vitrified
Alfred [ROYA Poor Printed mark. Half Meakin L the bowl is IRONmissing. STO]N E CHINA /(crest) /[A]LF RED MEAKI N./EN GLAN D.
North Staffordshire, England
Pre-1897
4.7
3.2
7.8
2007AXA612.2
Cogstone
62

Arthur J. North ROYA Poor Foot ring Staffordfragment, Wilkinson L shire, printed IRONEngland mark. STON E CHINA /(crest) /A.J. WILKINSON/E NGLA ND Poor Packer finish, neck and shoulder fragment with air vent marks.
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

3.6

1.4 2.9 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bowl 1426 136 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Pre-1896
2007AXA612.2
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ fied con- tooled finish tents Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents
1890s-late 1910s
http://ww 3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2.7 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.1
1.2
2007AXA612.2
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Good Round base profile with wide mouth 1890s-late patent finish; seed and blister bub- 1910s bles, air vent marks.
1.5
2007AXA612.2
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Unidentified con- fied tents
1426 140 Surface Activities Tools
Unidentified
Wood
Unidentified
Parke, Detroit, MI Post-1875 P.D. & Poor Hopkin's Davis & Co square CO./32 base profile 9 fragment Fair Two handles attached by ferrous piece. Fair Complete but heavily rusted. Post-1950
Toulouse 1.6 1972
1.9
1.9
2007AXA612.2
11.75
1.5
2007AXA612.3
1426 141 Surface Industrial Machinery
Air filter canister
Metal
Ferrous
4.8
10
2007AXA612.3
Bottle, pharmaceutical
Glass
Cobalt
BromoSeltzer
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Bottle
Glass
Clear
BROM Good Round base profile w/ wide-mouth beaded finish. Seed and blister Obubbles, air vent marks. SELTZER/E MERSON/D RUG CO./B ALTIMORE /MD. Whitall Millville, Good French ARTatum Co NJ square MOUR base w/ 'S patent PHAR finish; air MACY/ vent marks /W.T.C O./A.J. /U.S.A. 3 Good Erie oval base profile w/ wide prescription finish. Air vent marks, paneled front.
Post-1910s
1.6
2007AXA0706. 1
Surface to Garage 8' below grade Surface to Garage 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade
1901-1910
1890s-late 1910s
http://myi 3.5 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks3.ht ml http://ww 4.9 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2007AXA0706. 1
1.9
1.1
2007AXA0706. 1
Cogstone
63

Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents 1/2
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

1.1

0.6 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle
Glass
Clear
1890s-late Good Erie oval base profile w/ patent finish. Air vent marks, paneled front, 1910s seed bubbles.
2007AXA0706. 1
Cup 1426 146 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 147 Surface Personal Social Drugs Bottle, alcohol
Ceramic Glass
Earthenware, vitrified Amber Unidentified
Poor
3.3
0.2
3.9
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade
Good Tall, moderately slender-bodied, straight neck spirits cylinder. Turn mold or dip mold; faint horizontal shoulder seam, 5 marks on base, possible pontil scars. Brandy finish, seed and blister bubbles.
3.2
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Green, olive Wine or champagne Amber
Turn mold w/ tooled finish
Good Burgundy style bottle w/ champagne finish.
1880s-1915
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Post mold w/ tooled finish
A.B.G. Good Export style M. CO. bottle w/ brandy finish, blister and seed bubbles.
Belleville, 1886-1900 Adolphus IL or St. Busch Manufactur- Louis, MO ing Co
Bottle, soda
Glass
Aqua
Post mold w/ tooled finish
St. Louis, 1883-1896 FHGW Good Export style Frederick /4 bottle w/ oil Heitz Glass MO finish. Seed Works and blister bubbles, air vent marks.
http://ww 10.25 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://myi 11.75 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks.ht ml#ABCD EF, http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://myi 9.5 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks.ht ml#ABCD EF, http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.8
2007AXA0706. 1
3.1
2007AXA0706. 1
2.6
2007AXA0706. 1
Cogstone
64

Beer Post mold w/ tooled finish W.F.& Good Export style William bottle w/ oil Franzen & S./5/MI finish. Seed Son L. and blister bubbles, air vent marks. Milwaukee, WI
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

2.6 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle, alcohol
Glass
Amber
1900-1915
Bottle, condiment Glass
Clear
Libby's Camp Sauce
Bottle
Glass
Amber
Unidenti- Post mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents
LIBBY' Good Decagonal base profile w/ club sauce finish. Seed bubbles. S/(bull head w/ wings)/ TRAD E MARK/ CAMP SAUC E//LIB BY MCNE ILL & LIBBY/ CHICAGO 3 Good Beer or mineral water bottle. Squat with round base profile, crown finish and air vent marks. Seed and blister bubbles, cork in bottle.
1890s-late 1910s
http://myi 9.25 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks.ht ml#ABCD EF, http://ww w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 8 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2007AXA0706. 1
2.2
2.2
2007AXA0706. 1
Mid-1880s1890s
3.1
2007AXA0706. 1
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents Owens automatic bottle machine
Good Handy base profile w/ patent finish. Mid-1880sSeed bubbles, air vent marks. 1910s
http://ww 7.1 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ala 5.3 mo.nmsu. edu/~lock hart/Alam Milk/chap 2/chap2.h tm 4.3 http://ww 4.3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.6
1.4
2007AXA0706. 1
Bottle, milk
Glass
Clear
1426 156 Surface Domestic Furnishings 1426 157 Surface Personal Grooming/Health
Glass, decorative Glass Bottle, pharmaceutical Glass
Clear Clear Cup mold w/ tooled finish
Elmira, Thatcher L.A.C. Good Round base profile Manufactur- NY /CREA w/ cap seat ing Co MERY/ finish. /2//T.M Owens 'F'G suction CO./15 scar. Poor Probably base. CHAP Good Decagonal base profile w/ wide mouth patent finish, seed bubbles. OTEA Cod liver oil. UT//P ARIS
1915
2.5
2007AXA0706. 1
5.5 1.4 1.4
1 1
1 1
1 1
1890s-late 1910s
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Cogstone
65

Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

2.1 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 158 Surface Domestic Clothing/Footwear Maintenance
Bottle, shoe polish Glass
Clear
Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth 1930s-1940s bead finish. Blister bubbles, ejection mark from press and blow machine.
2007AXA0706. 1
1426 159 Surface Activities Writing
Bottle, ink
Glass
Green, apple
Cup mold w/ applied finish
363
Good French square base w/ patent finish, 1870s seed bubbles. Shoulders are squared and slope up to neck.
1.4
1.4
2007AXA0706. 1
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Cup mold w/ applied fied con- finish tents BromoSeltzer Automatic bottle machine
Good Round base profile w/ prescription finish; air vent marks.
1870s-1910s
http://ww 2.8 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2.6 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
1.2
2007AXA0706. 1
Glass
Cobalt
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
Post-1910s BROM Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth bead finish. OSELTZER/E MERSON/D RUG CO./B ALTIMORE , MD.//I Good Round base profile w/ wide mouth, Post-1910 continuous external threaded finish.
1.1
2007AXA0706. 1
2.2
2007AXA0706. 1
Lid liner
Glass
Milkglass, white
Good
Post-1871
http://www.av.qnet.com/~glass 2.5 man/newsletter/primer.pdf
2007AXA0706. 1
1426 164 Surface Domestic Furnishings 1426 165 Surface Personal Grooming/Health
Glass, decorative Glass Bottle, perfume Glass
Clear Clear Palmer's UnidentiPerfume fied
Clear
Clear
Poor Decorative stem. PALM Fair Oval base Solon Palmer ER profile w/ seed bubbles; neck and finish missing. Poor Rim of decorative dish. Poor Rim of decorative dish w/ seed bubbles.
4.5 New York, post-1871 NY Toulouse 2 1972 1.1 1
1.8
1 1
1 1
1 1
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
4.4
1.8
0.9
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
5.4
Cogstone
66

1.3
Max. Widt h (in)

1.1

0.9 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 168 Surface Personal Toys
Doll
Ceramic
Poor Glazed, white head w/ black eyes, eyebrows; red nostrils, lips, cheeks; black pin-curl hairstyle.
2007AXA0706. 1
1426 169 Surface Structural Fixtures 1426 170 Surface Structural Fixtures 1426 171 Surface Structural Fixtures
Doorknob Doorknob Doorknob
Dish, flatware 1426 172 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican Earthenware, vitrified
Good Clear glaze Good Clear glaze Good Black glaze 1880-1900 http://ww 5.1 John EdNorth WAR- Poor Foot ring w.thepott wards Staffordfrag w/ RANT eries.org/i shire, printed ED/IR ndex.html England mark; parONtial imSTON pressed E mark. CHINA /(floral design)/T RADE MARK/ JOHN EDWARD S/LTD/ ENGLAND. Lehner 3.8 West End East Liv- 1893-1938 Cherries, W.E.P. Poor Foot ring 1988 Pottery erpool, frag w/ CO./C Cherry OH printed blossoms HINA mark; decalcomania design on interior. Fair Hand-painted Chinese scene in red, green and yellow on surface. Probably part of #270 but no crossmend. 3.3
0.9 1 1 0.2
2.2 2.1 2.2 5.5
1 1 1 2
1 1 1 1
3 3 3 3
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade
Dish, hollowware 1426 173 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
3.4
0.1
2.7
2007AXA0706. 1
Dish, decorative
Ceramic
6.2
2007AXA0706. 1
Cup 1426 175 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on Dish, hollowware 1426 176 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic Ceramic
Earthenware, semivitreous Earthenware, vitrified
Fair
3.1
3.4
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Poor Flow blue transfer pattern on interior 1880s-early and exterior w/ gilded, molded band 1900s around exterior.
http://ww 2 w.antique sjournal.com/P ages04/ar chives/flo wblue.ht ml
1.9
0.1
3.9
Cogstone
67

Cat Cat Analy- Cate1 2 sis gory Unit Class Subclass (Item) Mate- Type rial Product Technol- Pattern Mark Con Other Manufac- Origin ogy di- Diagnos- turer tion tic Features Date Reference Max. Len gth (in) Max. Widt h (in)
2.1

0.1 3.1 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Dish, decorative
Ceramic
Poor Scalloped dish w/ cobalt rim and foot (gilded on interior), hand- 2.8 painted floral design on interior.
2007AXA0706. 1
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Dish, flatware 1426 179 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on Dish 1426 180 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on Dish 1426 181 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic Ceramic
Porcelain, EuroAmerican Porcelain, EuroAmerican
[WAR Poor Molded rim and foot ring fragment. 1872-1929 Printed mark. RANT] ED/(cr est)/K. T. & K./GR ANITE Poor Foot ring frag w/ solid decalcomania rose design. Poor Fragment w/ blue and yellow, abstract flower design.
Lehner 1988
4.5
3.4
1.7
6.6
2007AXA0706. 1
3.6
2.1
0.4
4.7
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
2.5
0.1
Ceramic
Poor Rim frag w/ molded rim, hand-painted yellow and green; gilded design toward centre.
2.8
1.6
0.1
2007AXA0706. 1
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green and pink rose design; gilding up towards edge.
3.3
2.2
0.4
4.3
2007AXA0706. 1
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green, pink, yellow and blue floral design. Crossmends to #281.
4.4
2.4
0.4
4.7
2007AXA0706. 1
Dish 1426 184 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 185 Surface Structural Materials Tile
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag w/ decalcomania, green and pink rose design.
0.3
2.7
2007AXA0706. 1
Ceramic Ceramic Porcelain, EuroAmerican
Good Teal-green, rounded corners Poor Molded, gilded rim frag w/ hand-painted design, most worn off. Prob goes w/ #187 but no refit.
0.9 3.4
0.9 1.6
0.1 0.1 7.8
1 1
1 1
3 3
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Ceramic
Poor Fragment w/ hand-painted design, most worn off. Prob goes w/ #186 but no refit.
3.4
1.8
0.1
2007AXA0706. 1
Cogstone
68

Fair Large bean pot lid w/ brown exterior glaze. 3.9 12.75 3.5
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

11.75 3 1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Lid 1426 188 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on 1426 189 Surface Structural Hardware 1426 190 Surface Indefinite Misc. Metal Items Wall fixture Rod
Ceramic Metal Metal
Stoneware, EuroAmerican utility Cupreous Cupreous
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1
Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade
Good Good Straight rod, bent slightly, decorative finials on either end screw off.
0.9 0.4
1 1
1 1
5 5
1426 191 Surface Industrial Machinery
Cap
Metal
Ferrous
Fair
Cap for industrial application; insignia on top. Head only. 14.75 9
1.5
2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0706. 1 2007AXA0709. 01 2007AXA0709. 01 2007AXA0709. 01
Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade Surface to 8' below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade
1426 192 Surface Activities Tools 1426 193 Surface Industrial Machinery 1426 194 Surface Activities Tools 1426 195 Surface Activities Animal Husbandry 1426 196 Surface Activities Animal Husbandry 1426 197 Surface Activities Animal Husbandry 1426 198 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 199 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified 1 fied Item 1426 200 Feature Personal Groom1 ing/Health 1426 201 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain1 ers
Pitchfork Gear Latch Horseshoe Horseshoe Muleshoe Bone Unidentified Comb
Metal Metal Metal Metal Metal Metal Bone Carbon
Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous Ferrous sheep femur
Fair Good Fair
1 8.5 1 1 2 2 1 6
1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6 4 7 7
5.25 6.5 6.75 5.5
4.75 5.25 6 4
1.25
Good Med-lg horse size. Good Draft horse size. Good Poor Poor Fair Large comb ATLANTIC Armstrong A (in Poor Paneled Cork Co. circle) bottle w/ Blake (variant 1) base profile; seed and blister bubbles
2.8 8.75
1.3 2
0.3 0.3
1 1
Rubber Vulcanized
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Blown in fied con- mold tents
Lancaster, PA
1938-1969
Glass
Cobalt
Good French square base profile w/ pat- Mid-1870sent finish. Bottle was corked, stuffed 1910s with paper and 9 small, round, bouncy, squishy things at bottom. Possible poison bottle b/c of color.
http://myi 3.9 nsulators.com/ glassfactories/bottle marks.ht ml#ABCD EF http://ww 3.3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
1.7
0.8
1.1
1.1
2007AXA0709. 01
4'9" below grade
Bottle, milk
Glass
Clear
Blown in mold w/ tooled finish
TS Poor Wide mouth bead finish, no cap seat; seed and blister bubbles BOT /T/ BE W/A
Pre-1910s
12
2007AXA0709. 01
4'9" below grade
Cogstone
69

1.6 2.5
Max. Widt h (in)

1.4 2.1

0.1 0.2 1 1 1 1 D 7
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 204 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified 1 fied Item 1426 205 Feature Domestic Furnishings 1
Unidentified
Glass
Clear Clear Pressed
Poor Probably bottle body frag. Poor Heavy glass w/ diamond beads and etched ovals. Prob part of #206 but no refit.
2007AXA0709. 01 2007AXA0709. 01
4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade
Clear
Pressed
Poor Heavy glass w/ diamond beads and etched ovals. Prob part of #206 but no refit.
1.8
1.2
0.2
2007AXA0709. 01
4'9" below grade
Glass, decorative Glass Glass Metal
Clear Clear Cupreous
Pressed
Poor Heavy glass rim w/ beading. Poor Poor Round, blue, ceramic head. Poor Had a kickup. 1880s-1915
1.9
1.4
0.1 2.7
1 48 1
1 1 1
7 7 7
2007AXA0709. 01 2007AXA0709. 01 2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02
4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade
1426 208 Feature Domestic Heating/Lighting Lamp chimney 1 Pin 1426 209 Feature Domestic Cloth2 ing/Footwear Maintenance 1426 210 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain- Bottle 2 ers
0.9
0.1
Glass
Green, olive Unidenti- Turn mold fied contents Green, olive Unidentified contents Green, olive Unidenti- Turn mold fied contents Clear Unidentified contents
1426 211 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain2 ers 1426 212 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain2 ers 1426 213 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain2 ers
Bottle Bottle
Glass Glass
Poor Kick-up frag. Poor Body frags. Wgt: 63.83g
http://ww 6 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1.2
2.8
0.9
0.3
1 11
1 11
D D
1880s-1915
http://www.sha.org/bottl e/index.htm
2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02
4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade
Bottle
Glass
Poor Body frags, 7 are fireaffected. Wgt: 99.35g Poor 4.75 2.6
22
22
Glass, drinking 1426 214 Feature Domestic Food 2 Prep/Consumpti on Glass, drinking 1426 215 Feature Domestic Food 2 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 216 Feature Domestic Food/Food Bottle, milk 2 Storage
Glass
Clear
10
Glass
Clear
Poor Rim frags w/ criss-cross design Poor Capseat finish. Post-1910s
2.6
2.6
2.5
Glass
Clear
http://ww 2.5 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 0.5
2.5
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Glass, drinking 1426 218 Feature Domestic Food 2 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 219 Feature Indefinite Misc. Contain- Bottle 2 ers
Glass
Clear
BOYD' Poor Round base proS/[I]M file. PROV ED Poor Base frag
2007AXA0709. 02
4'9" below grade
2.4
1.2
0.1
2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02
Glass
Green, apple Unidentified contents
WA Poor Body frag. TER (superimposed over N A)
2.2
1.3
0.1
Cogstone
70

Fair Faceted piece of glass, possible stopper.
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

2.76
Max. Widt h (in)

0.5 1 1 7
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
1426 220 Feature Unidenti- Unidentified 2 fied Item
Unidentified
Glass
Clear
2007AXA0709. 02 2007AXA0709. 02
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Floral
Poor Decalcomania red and green floral design; molded rim. Crossmends to #222.
5.8
3.2
0.1
10
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Frags crossmend to #221, bagged separately and placed with #221.
2007AXA0709. 03
4'9" below grade
Glass, drinking 1426 223 Feature Domestic Food 3 Prep/Consumpti on 1426 224 Feature 3 1426 225 Feature 3 1426 226 Feature 3 Indefinite Misc. Containers Unidenti- Unidentified fied Item Indefinite Misc. Containers Bottle Unidentified Bottle
Glass
Clear
Poor Body frag w/ criss-cross design, same as #215 but no crossmend.
0.9
0.1
2007AXA0709. 03
4'9" below grade
Glass Glass Glass
Clear Milkglass, white Aqua
Unidenti- Cup mold fied contents
Poor Body frags. Wgt: 8.98 Poor Fragment. Wgt: 3.62 Poor French square base profile w/ seed 1890s-1910s bubbles, partial illegible embossing on one side.
2 1 http://ww 1.1 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1.3 1.3 1
2 1 1
D D 7
2007AXA0709. 03 2007AXA0709. 03 2007AXA0709. 03
4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade 4'9" below grade
1426 227 NOT USED
Surface
Green, emerald
Pressed
Poor Rim fragment w/ gilding.
1.2
0.3
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Amber
Unidenti- Blown in mold w/ apfied con- plied finish tents
Poor Patent finish, seed bubbles.
Pre-1920
1.7
1.8
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Mirror
Glass
Clear
Poor
1.1
0.08
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
I/O
Poor Base fragment with ejection mark from press and blow machine.
Early-1900s1940s
http://ww 3.1 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.8
0.6
3.5
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle, milk
Glass
Clear
Poor Capseat finish frag.
1910s-1940s
0.3
2.3
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Cogstone
71

McLean's Volcanic Oil Liniment [VOL] Poor turpentine-based liniment. Seed bubbles. CANIC //OIL
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)
Max. Widt h (in)

1.2

1.1 2 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Glass
Aqua
Post-1853
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
Poor Body frag.
http://ww 2.4 w.luckym ojo.com/ mcleansvolcanicliniment.html 2.7
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
1.9
0.1
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Owens automatic fied con- bottle machine tents
4/L (in Poor Slender handy base frag. circle)//H ALF Poor Textured on one side, reinforced w/ chicken wire.
1905-1920
2.1
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Glass, reinforced
Glass
Clear
1.2
0.2
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bone
Bone
cow
vertebra, upper thoracic, left
chuck roast, split on midline (200) & handsawn below distal end (201), unfused
2007AXA0612. 2
Surface to 3.5'
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. NW Quadrant
Bone
Bone
cow
scapula, glenoid fossa, right, adult
handsawn through glenoid, tuberosity fused, neck
2007AXA0612. 2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
Bone
Bone
cow
vertebra, lower thoracic
rib roast, left spinous process, split off midline (201), handsawn horizon through post. Artic. Process (206.5)
2007AXA0612. 2
Surface to 3.5'
NW Quadrant
1426 237 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 237 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 237 Surface Domestic Food/Food Storage 1426 238 Surface Domestic Furnishings
Bone Bone Bone
Bone Bone Bone
cow cow pig
molar, upper, adult rib, distal shaft, left rib, proximal dorsal shaft, left
heavy wear including interstitial lower rib, no cuts shoulder roast, upper rib, handsawn at angle (301) Poor Base fragment; possibly part of #046 but no crossmend. 2.3 1.1 0.4
1 1 1
1 1 1
4 4 4
2007AXA0612. 2 2007AXA0612. 2 2007AXA0612. 2 2007ASG0711 .1
Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface to 3.5' Surface
NW Quadrant NW Quadrant NW Quadrant Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Milkglass, white
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
Poor Rim frag
3.7
1.1
0.3
10.6
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Cogstone
72

CUD Poor Base frag A
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1.3
Max. Widt h (in)

0.7

0.5 1.9 1 1 1
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Jar
Glass
Milkglass, white
Poor Rim frag
1.2
1.2
0.3
1.9
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
1426 242 Surface Unidenti- Unidentified fied Item
Unidentified
Glass
Milkglass, white
Poor Body frag
1.2
1.2
0.1
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Comb
Rubber Vulcanized
Poor End frag
1.5
0.2
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Poor Paneled body frag
1880-1920
1.3
0.1
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Body frag
1.1
0.1
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Handle, cup 1426 246 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Poor
2.1
0.7
0.4
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Poor Body frags
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle, milk
Glass
Clear
QUAR Poor Body frag T
2.7
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Clear
/H Poor Body frag IN
1.3
1.3
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Aqua
Poor Base frag w/ seed bubbles
Post-1905
http://ww 2.2 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 2.8 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1.1 0.9
3.2
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Amber
Poor Neck and brandy finish
1890s-late 1910s
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Cogstone
73

Poor Body frag
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

2.4
Max. Widt h (in)

1.7

1 1 D
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle
Glass
Green, olive Unidentified contents
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Green, olive Unidenti- Turn mold fied contents
Poor Round profile base frag
1880-1915
http://ww 2.9 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 3.3 2.9
2.4
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Amber
Poor Round base profile and body frag
2.7
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Amber
Unidenti- Blown in fied con- mold tents
Poor Round profile base frag
3.8
2.6
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Porcelain, Chinese
Poor Blue-white glaze, cobalt Chinese underglaze design w/ 3 Chinese men reading scroll; probably for export.
http://ww 2.6 w.anthro. utah.edu/i macs.htm l
2.4
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Body frag
0.8
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Rim frags, wgt: 27.34g
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Body frag w/ gilded and handpainted green design
1.6
1.2
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Illegi- Poor ble stamp
1.8
1.3
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Molded rim frag
1.2
0.9
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Red, hand-painted design on foot ring frag.
1.4
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Tile
Ceramic
Poor Blue and green frag
0.4
0.3
0.2
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Cogstone
74

Poor Rim frag
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1.2
Max. Widt h (in)

0.5

1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Ceramic
Earthenware, vitrified
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Unidentified
Ceramic
Poor Flat piece, cornflower-blue glaze both sides, probably tile; possibly part of #284 but no crossmend.
0.7
0.7
0.1
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag w/ remnants of purple paint
1.1
0.8
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Rim and foot ring frag.
3.3
2007ASG0711 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Sterling [STE] Poor Foot ring China and rim RLING Company frags w/ /(crow partial n)/[CH] maker's INA mark; molded rim, remnants of decalcomania floral design. Poor Foot ring frag.
Sebring, OH
c. 1900
Lehner 1988
3.9
3.9
5.9
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
3.2
2.1
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Red, hand-painted design on rim frag; probably part of #174 but no crossmend.
1.6
1.3
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Rim and foot ring frags; molded rim and red, decalcomania floral design.
2.4
1.9
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Rim and foot ring frag; molded rim and decalcomania floral design.
3.7
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Body frags; wgt: 59.6g
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Cogstone
75

Poor Molded rim frag
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1
Max. Widt h (in)

0.7

1 1 3
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Foot ring frag
1.8
1.6
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Cup 1426 276 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Poor Molded, gilded, rim frag w/ remnants of pink paint.
2.4
1.6
2.3
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Foot ring frag w/ remnants of blue design
1.4
1.2
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Poor Foot ring frag
3.1
1.4
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag
2.6
1.6
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag
1.8
1.6
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Poor Foot ring frag w/ pink, decalcomania floral design. Crossmends to #183.
1.6
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Ceramic
Poor Body frag
1.3
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Cup 1426 283 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Ceramic
Poor Rim frag w/ interior and exterior, green transferware floral design.
1.5
1.1
3.9
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Unidentified
Ceramic
Poor Flat piece, cornflower-blue glaze both sides, probably tile; possibly part of #265 but no crossmend.
1.3
0.2
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Ceramic
Earthenware, white
Fair
Molded rim, decalcomania floral design.
8.2
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
Cogstone
76

Poor Body frag
Date
Reference
Max. Len gth (in)

1.9
Max. Widt h (in)

1.2

1 1 D
Field#
East- Noring thing
Level
Area
Bottle
Glass
Clear
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Stemware 1426 287 Surface Domestic Food Prep/Consumpti on
Glass
Clear
Poor Base frag
1.7
3.1
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Blown in mold w/ tooled finish
Poor Collared ring finish, probably pharmaceutical bottle.
1880s-1920s
http://ww 1 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm 1.7 0.6 0.1
0.9
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
1426 289 Surface Personal Accoutrements Watch fob
Metal
Cupreous
Good Japanese scene w/ black background. Ring attached to one end.
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits.
1426 290 Surface Personal Toys
Doll
Ceramic
Poor Leg fragment, clear glaze.
1.4
0.6
0.5
2007ASG0710 .1
Surface
Bottle
Glass
Clear
Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents Unidenti- Cup mold w/ tooled fied con- finish tents
Good Rounded Golden Gate oval base profile w/ patent finish.
1890s-late 1910s
http://ww 5.7 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm http://ww 5.3 w.sha.org /bottle/ind ex.htm
2.3
1.5
2007AXA0706. 1
Eastern portion of site, back dirt from trash pits. Surface to 8' below grade
Bottle
Glass
Clear
1890s-late Good Blake (variant 1) base profile w/ 3 straight brandy finish, paneled body, 1910s OUNC blister bubbles and air vent marks. ES//M Probably pharmaceutical. ADE IN U.S.A./ /5/303 9
1.3
2007AXA0706. 1
Cogstone
77
APPENDIX D. SITE RECORD
Cogstone
78
Cogstone
79
Cogstone
80
Cogstone
81

Final PVC RPT 2009julyr

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Final PVC RPT 2009julyr

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Cogstone

Paleontology Archaeology History

Principal Investigator: Sherri Gust Registered Professional Archaeologist May 2009

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring Table of Figures

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring

Figure 1. Project vicinity

Figure 2. Project area

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring

Figure 3. Project Aerial before Construction

Pomona Valley Creamery Monitoring

Area graded and resulting new Veterinary Clinical Center

Figure 4. Campus Map after Construction

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 5. A birds eye view of Pomona before 1925

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 8. 737 E. 2nd Street

Table 1. List of residents from the 1909-1910 Pomona City Directory

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 11. 1928 Sanborn Map showing improvements to Creamery

Pomona Valley Creamery

Pomona Valley Creamery

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 16. Location of Features

Pomona Valley Creamery Table 4. Summary of materials recovered

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 17. Pharmaceutical bottle with contents

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 18. Hard rubber comb

Table 8. Items by material collected from Feature 2

Figure 19. Unidentified glass stopper or chandelier pendant

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 20. Ceramic dish fragments with floral design

Pomona Valley Creamery

Table 9. Items by material collected from Feature 3

Figure 21. Aqua bottle base

Pomona Valley Creamery

Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 22. Carters Ink bottle

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 23. Bisque doll leg

Figure 24. Glazed porcelain doll leg

Figure 25. Bisque doll head

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 26. Abalone utensil handle.

Pomona Valley Creamery

Pomona Valley Creamery

Medicinal Products and Cosmetics

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 28. Cod liver oil bottle

Figure 30. Frank Millers Crown Dressing shoe polish bottle.

Pomona Valley Creamery

Other Glass Items

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 31. Arthur J. Wilkinson bowl base

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 33. Glazed porcelain doll head

Pomona Valley Creamery

Figure 34. Watch fob

Pomona Valley Creamery