Tutorial Sheet 9.

2019/20
Mechanical Properties of Matter

1. A force of 20N is applied to the ends of a wire 4m long, and produces an

extension of 0.24mm. If the diameter of the wire is 2mm, calculate the stress on

the wire, its strain, and the value of the Young modulus. [

2. A 15 kg mass fastened to the end of a steel wire of un-stretched length 0.5 m is

whirled in a vertical circle with an angular velocity of 2 rev/s at the bottom of the
circle. The cross section of the wire is 0.02 cm 2. Calculate the elongation of the wire
when the weight is at the lowest point of the path. Steel has Y.M.= 2.0  1011 Pa.

[1.66mm]

mg mv2 /r

3. A rod 1.05 m long is hanging from 2 wires A &

B. A weight W is hanging from the rod by a wire. TA TB
The cross-sectional area of wire A = 1mm , and 2

that of wire B = 4mm2.

Where, measured from A, should the wire holding A C B

W be hung so that there is: (a) equal stress in the

two wires, (b) equal strain in the two wires?
W
Given YA = 2.4  1011 Pa and YB = 1.2  1011 Pa.

[(a) (b) ]

4. Two parallel and opposite forces, each of 4000 N,

4000N
are applied tangentially to the upper and lower faces of
a cubical metal block 25 cm on each side. Find the
angle of shear, and the displacement of the upper 4000N
surface relative to the lower surface. Shear modulus for

the metal is 0.80  1011 Pa [ , m]

5. A glass tube is bent into a U-shape and water is poured into the tube until it
stands 15 cm high in each side. A 3 cm column of alcohol is slowly poured into one
side; the two liquids do not mix. How far will the water column in the other side rise?
Given, density of alcohol = 720 kg/m3, and that of water = 1000 kg/m3. [1.32 cm]

6. A copper wire LM is fused at one end, M, to an iron wire MN. The copper wire has
length 0.900 m and cross-section 0.90  106 m2. The iron wire has length 1.400 m
and cross-section 1.30  106 m2. The compound wire is stretched; its total length
increases by 0.0100 m.

L copper 0.900m M iron 1.400m N

Calculate:

(a) the tension applied to the compound wire (b) the extension of each wire
(c) the ratio of the extensions of the two wires

[ Y.M. of copper = 1.30  1011 Pa. Y.M. of iron = 2.10  1011 Pa.]

[F = 780N, ,
ΔLi = 10 − 6 = 4mm , Ratio c : i = 1.5 : 1]
7. A solid weighs 237.5 g in air and 12.5 g in a liquid in which it is wholly
submerged. The density of the liquid is 900 kg/m3.
Calculate (i) the density of the solid (ii) the density of another liquid in which the
same solid would float with one-fifth of its volume exposed above the liquid surface.

[(i) (ii) ]
8. Figure shows the essential parts of a hydraulic brake system. The area of the
piston in the master cylinder is 6.4 cm 2, and that of the piston in the brake cylinder
is 1.8 cm2. The coefficient of friction between shoe and wheel drum is 0.5. If the
wheel has a radius of 34 cm, determine the frictional torque about the axle when a

force of 44 N is exerted on the brake pedal. [2.18 N-m]

Tutorial Sheet 9. Mechanical Properties of Matter 2019/20

01.We have

02.  = 2rev/s = 4 rad/s. A =r2 = 0.02  10-4m2.

v = r = 4  0.5 = 2 = 6.28m/s.
Fnet = mg – T = mv2/r

( )
Hence T = mg + mv2/r
6 .28 2
+ 9.8
F = (mv2/r) + mg = 15 0.5 = 1330N.

−4
1330/0 .02 × 10
Y = 2.0  1011 = ΔL/0.5 .

1330 × 0.5
Hence L = 2 × 1011 × 0.02 × 10−4 = 1.66  10-3m = 1.66mm.

03. so equal stress implies equal for each wire.

Let the distance

Then from

(b)

Equal strain implies

Then from
04. We have

Hence m

So . Also

05. At equilibrium, the 3cm column of benzene has to be supported by a column of

water ( h cm). Hence 879 x g x 0.03 = 1000 gh giving h = 0.0264 m = 2.64 cm.
A 3 cm column of benzene will support a 2.64 cm column of water.
Hence the height of water will change by 1.32 cm on each side of the manometer.

06. A copper wire LM is fused at one end, M, to an iron wire MN. The copper wire
has length 0.900m and cross-section 0.90  106m2. The iron wire has length
6 2
1.400m and cross-section 1.30  10 m . The compound wire is stretched; its total
length increases by 0.0100m.

L copper 0.900m M iron 1.400m N

Calculate:

(a) the tension applied to the compound wire, (b) the extension of each wire,
(c) the ratio of the extensions of the two wires.

[ Y.M. of copper = 1.30  1011 Pa. Y.M. of iron = 2.10  1011 Pa.]

F/A FL Lc F L F
giving ΔL = ΔL ( total) = + i
Y= ΔL/L AY .
A c Y c Ai Y i

0.01 = F
( 0.9
−6
0.9 × 10 × 1.3 × 10 11
+
1.4
1.3 × 10 × 2.1 × 1011
−6 ) = F ( 7.692 + 5.128) 10-6

0.9 × 780
ΔL c = = 6mm
= 12.82 10-6 F giving F = 780N. 0.9 × 10−6 × 1.3 × 1011 .

Hence
ΔLi = 10 − 6 = 4mm . Ratio c : i = 1.5 : 1
07. Weight in air = 237.5 g weight in liquid = 12.5 g

Hence B.F. = 237.5 – 12.5 = 225 g =

Hence

Mass = vol x density giving density =

(ii) in the second liquid. Hence density of the second liquid =

Hence
08.

Pressure is same in both the cylinders: Pascal’s principle. Hence

Friction force f on the wheel drum = .FN= 0.5 x 12.8 = 6.4 newtons
Frictional torque  = F.r = force x lever arm = 6.4N x 0.34m = 2.18 N-m.