5

5.1 Vocabulary
The natural world • Pollution • Compound nouns
I can talk about pollution and the environment.

SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW

1 In pairs, put the words in the box under an appropriate

AROUND heading. Explain your choices.

THE GLOBE bay cliff dam float foothills fossil fuel

drought flood melt pond stream
(Suggested
glacier

answers) Land Water

cliff foothills fossil fuel drought bay float flood melt pond
dam glacier stream dam glacier
2 Think of three more words for each category.

We know that when we

protect our oceans, we’re
protecting our future.

CAN A TEENAGE
BILL CLINTON (B. 1946),
A FORMER US PRESIDENT

UNIT LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENTALIST

CLEAN UP OUR
AND SKILLS
Vocabulary:

OCEANS?
• Show what you know – land and water
• the natural world
• hazards and pollutants
• compound nouns
• collocations
• word families Boyan Slat is a young Dutchman with a mission to save the
• Word in Focus – around oceans from the consequences of our throwaway society.
Grammar: THE FACTS
• unreal
past and regrets Oceans cover seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface. From the fresh water of the
• emphasis – cleft sentences and inversion polar ice caps to the seabed eleven kilometres below the surface at the deepest point
5 of the Pacific Ocean, the ocean is home to over half of all living species. Over the past
Listening: 100 years, due to global warming, the sea level has risen ten to twenty-five centimetres.
• an interview about intelligent animals
• multiple choice
THE PROBLEM
Reading: The oceans are being used as rubbish
• foursummaries of films about journeys
tips. Thirty-three percent of toxic
• multiple matching
contaminants in oceans come from
10 air pollution such as acid rain and
Speaking: debris blown from landfills. Other
•a presentation about a natural wonder pollutants are sewage, industrial
waste and pollution from oilfields and
Writing: ships. The plastic debris concentrates the five gyres
•a review of travel destination 15 in five rotating currents like giant
whirlpools called gyres. The largest gyre, called the Pacific Garbage Patch, is twice the
FOCUS EXTRA size of France and is located between Hawaii and California.
At least 1 million seabirds and 100,000 marine mammals die each year due to plastic
• Grammar Focus pp. 98–99 pollution. When plastic breaks up into smaller particles, it becomes a hazard for marine
• WORD STORE booklet pp. 10–11 20 wildlife. Seabirds, whales, turtles and other sea creatures regularly consume waste
• Workbook pp. 62–75 products, which can be easily mistaken for jellyfish or other prey but cannot be degraded
in the stomach. The animals die from starvation because they’re not getting the nutrients
they need. Plastics also slowly release toxins and other chemical substances that work
64 their way up the marine food chain.

REFERENCES •• Photocopiable resource 5 (Test NEXT CLASS

CULTURE NOTES ❯❯❯ p. 114 yourself pairwork activities – 10 mins), Ask students to do Show what you
p. 137 know 5.2 in the WB, p. 64.
EXTRA ACTIVITIES
WORKBOOK
•• Photocopiable resource 29 (the natural
p. 62–63
64 world – 12 mins) in the Active Teach
 Go to WORD STORE 5 page 11.
3 In pairs, guess the correct answers.
1 Oceans cover sixty-one percent / seventy-one WORD STORE 5A
percent of the earth’s surface. 7 CD•2.28 MP3•68 Complete WORD STORE 5A with the
2 The deepest point of the Pacific Ocean is 7 km / base form of the words in red in the article. Then
11 km below the surface. listen, check and repeat.
3 Sea levels have risen 10–25 cm / 5–10 cm over the
last 100 years. 8 Complete the sentences with words from WORD
4 Plastic waste remains / disappears in the oceans. STORE 5A.
5 Plastic pollution kills at least 1 million seabirds / species live in the ocean.
1 Most of all living           
marine mammals every year. 2 Coastal regions usually have a high            tide twice a

4 Read the article and check your answers. What day.

solution to plastic pollution does Boyan Slat 3 Jellyfish are typical           
prey for seabirds.
propose? 4 Plastic doesn’t contain any nutrients            to help wildlife
the ‘Ocean Clean-up’ concept (a 100-km-long floating barrier) live.
5 Answer the questions. Then check your answers in Exercise 5
5 The movement of rubbish in the gyres is dependent 1 Acid rain,
the article. on strong currents
           . debris, sewage,
1 Apart from plastic, what other things pollute the 6 Gyres are like huge whirlpools
           of plastic rubbish. industrial waste,
oceans? oil, ships.
2 What is a ‘gyre’, how many are there and where is WORD STORE 5B 2 A giant
the biggest one? collection of
3 Why is plastic pollution a problem for marine wildlife? 9 CD 2.29 MP3 69 Complete WORD STORE 5B with
• •

words from the article. Use these definitions to plastic; there are
4 How is Slat’s device different from other ‘clean-up’
devices? help you. What is the mystery word? Listen, check five; the biggest
one is in the
5 What two claims does Slat make about the and repeat.
Pacific.
effectiveness of his device? 1 rain that contains a high concentration of pollutants 3 It can’t be
acid rain
6 In pairs, discuss the questions. 2 a general word for human waste sewage digested; it
1 How much plastic does your family throw away in a 3 places where unwanted rubbish is dumped rubbish tips contains no
typical week? 4 material you get rid of when it has been through nutrients and kills
2 Do you know what happens to your plastic waste? the factory process industrial waste wildlife.
Where does it go? 5 a general word for substances that pollute or 4 It uses ocean
3 What could you do to cut down on your use of plastic? poison contaminants currents to bring
6 things that can be dangerous or cause damage the waste to the
hazards device.
A SOLUTION 10 What do you think are the most worrying hazards 5 It could clean
25 At the age of nineteen, Boyan Slat invented a device that he claims and pollutants in the ocean? Why? up half of the
could clean up to 20 billion tonnes of plastic waste from the world’s Pacific Garbage
oceans. Unlike conventional methods of cleaning up plastic using WORD STORE 5C Patch over ten
ships and nets, Boyan Slat’s ‘Ocean Clean-up’ concept is based 11 CD•2.30 MP3•70 Complete the compound nouns in years and make
on a simple idea: with its waves, tides and currents, the ocean WORD STORE 5C with the underlined words in up to 500 million
30 never stops moving, so instead of going after the plastics, as most the article. Then listen, check and repeat. Add a dollars a year.
traditional methods do, you could simply wait for the plastic to translation.
come to you. A floating barrier 100 kilometres in length, would
catch the debris, enabling a platform to extract it afterwards. The 12 In pairs, complete the list of environmental
ocean current would pass underneath the barriers taking all sea problems with compound nouns from WORD
35 life with it. Boyan Slat believes that his innovation could clean up STORE 5C.
half of the Pacific Garbage Patch over a period of ten years, and 1 melting           
ice caps
would make up to 500 million dollars a year from recycling the 2 rising sea
          
levels
waste collected. 3 chemicals and toxins in the food chain
          
4 more non-biodegradable waste and so
more           
landfills
oilfields
5 onshore and offshore           
13 In pairs, discuss how dangerous (1 = not very
dangerous, 5 = extremely dangerous) you think
the problems in Exercise 12 are for our planet.

WORD STORE 5D
14 CD•2.31 MP3•71 Complete WORD STORE 5D with
more compound nouns. Then listen, check and
repeat. Write example sentences.

Boyan Slat’s floating barrier 65

65
 5.2 Grammar
Unreal past and regrets – wish,
if only, it’s time and would rather
I can express wishes and regrets using
phrases like it’s time and would rather.

1 In pairs, discuss your idea of an ideal

holiday and a nightmare holiday. Use the
words in the box and your own ideas.

adventure alone beach camping

great nightlife historic monuments
hot sun mountains museums no wi-fi
peace and quiet water sports
with the family with friends

Exercise 2 6 CD•2.33 MP3•73 Listen to the Moss family talking

2 Listen to the Moss family
CD•2.32 MP3•72
1 go back to the after the holiday. Choose the correct verb form to
discussing what to do for their next holiday.
same campsite; explain the meaning of these extracts.
Answer the questions.
do something 1 ‘If only I’d worn more sunscreen.’ =
exciting; have 1 What suggestions do they make?
Ellie wore / didn’t wear enough sunscreen.
an adventure; 2 What do you think they will probably do?
2 ‘I wish I hadn’t forgotten my camera.’ =
do something 3 CD•2.32 MP3•72 Who said what? Write B for Ben,
Ben had / didn’t have his camera with him.
cultural; go E for Ellie, M for Mum and D for Dad. Then listen 3 ‘I wish you’d fallen in, too.’ =
on a safari; go again and check.
trekking; sail Ben fell out / didn’t fall out of the raft with Ellie.
across the ocean; 1 ‘If only we could go somewhere exciting for 4 ‘I just wish I’d known about the mosquitoes.’ =
do white water a change.’ E Mum knew / didn’t know that there were
rafting 2 ‘I think it’s time we did something cultural.’ D mosquitoes.
2 white water 3 ‘I wish you all realised how much I look
7 Complete GRAMMAR FOCUS II with the phrases
rafting forward to doing nothing for two weeks.’ M
in blue in Exercise 6.
4 ‘I’d rather we went to the same campsite
we went to last year.’ B GRAMMAR FOCUS II
4 Read GRAMMAR FOCUS I and answer the Past regrets
questions about the sentences in Exercise 3. You use wish/if only + sb + Past Perfect to talk about past
regrets.
1 Which sentences refer to the present and which
I’d worn more sunscreen.
If only 1                
refer to the future? present = 3 / future = 1, 2, 4 I hadn’t
I wish 2                
forgotten my camera.
2 Which tense is used after the underlined phrases?
Past Simple Note: If only is stronger than wish.
GRAMMAR FOCUS I
8 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
Unreal past
the verbs in brackets. Do you have any of these
• You use wish/if only + sb + a past tense to say that
regrets?
somebody really wants a present or future situation to
be different. 1 I wish I ’d                
gone (go) on holiday with my friends
• You use it’s (high) time + sb + a past tense to say that last summer.
somebody should do something (now or in the future). ’d revised (revise) more for my last English test.
2 If only I                 
• You use would rather + sb + a past tense to say what had been (be) born in another
3 I wish my parents                 
somebody would prefer somebody else to do (now or in country.
hadn’t
the future). given up (not give up) piano lessons a few
4 I wish I                 
years ago.
5 Complete the second sentence so that it has
5 I wish my brother/sister                 
hadn’t been (not be) so
a similar meaning to the first. Then tick the
sentences that are true for you. horrible to me when we were kids.
6 If only I ’d                
gone (go) to bed earlier last night.
1 It isn’t summer. I wish it was summer .
2 We always go to the mountains but I prefer the 9 Complete the sentences to make them true for
sea. I’d rather we … went to the sea. you. Then compare with a partner.
learnt/ learned
3 I ought to learn how to ski. It’s time I … how to ski. 1 I wish I could … 4 If only I hadn’t …
4 I can’t drive. I wish I … knew how to/could drive. 2 It’s high time I … 5 I wish my parents …
5 I really need to plan my next holiday. It’s high time 3 I’d rather people 6 If only my friends …
I … planned my next holiday. didn’t …
6 It’s raining. If only it … wasn’t/weren’t raining. Grammar Focus page 98
66

REFERENCES WORKBOOK
AUDIO SCRIPT ❯❯❯ p. 124 p. 64
EXTRA ACTIVITIES
Photocopiable resource 30 (unreal
66 past – 15 mins) in the Active Teach
5.3 Listening
Multiple choice
I can understand the main
points of an interview.

1 Which of the adjectives in

the box would you use to
describe the animals in the
photos?

adorable agile
aggressive friendly
gentle independent
intelligent loyal
playful sociable
stupid wise 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the words in capitals.
1 The radio series Animal World examines animals’
2 CD•2.34 MP3•74 In pairs, decide if the statements
are true (T) or false (F). Then listen to an interview behaviour in the wild. BEHAVE
with a wildlife expert and check your ideas. 2 Chimpanzees experience                 
adolescence in a similar way
to humans. ADOLESCENT
1 Chimpanzees share exactly half of the same genes
3 Dolphins are                 
undoubtedly intelligent. DOUBT
as humans. F
competitive with one another.
4 Dolphins can be                 
2 Dolphins sometimes attack each other. T
COMPETE
3 Owls are intelligent birds. F
5 The intelligence of sheep is                 
undervalued . VALUE
4 Cats have bigger brains than dogs. F
6 The idea that owls are intelligent is a common
EXAM FOCUS Multiple choice                  . CONCEIVE
misconception
7 Cats’ brains have not evolved since they were first
3 CD•2.34 MP3•74 Listen again and choose the correct
                 by the Egyptians. DOMESTIC
domesticated
answer, A, B or C.
8 Cats don’t need the                 
approval of humans to do
1 What is true about chimps? things. APPROVE
A They kill for pleasure.
B They are affectionate towards humans. 5 In pairs, add at least four more animals to each
column. Then discuss the questions.
C They have strong family links.
2 Which characteristics do dolphins share with Domestic animals Farm animals Wild animals
chimpanzees? dogs, cats, cows, sheep, lions, dolphins
A They are soon independent of their mothers.
B Social relationships are important to them. Which animal is:
C The males are aggressive towards the females. a the wildest/tamest?
3 Dr Matthews believes that sheep b the most/least loveable?
A are as stupid as they look. c the most/least useful to society?
B don’t do very well in intelligence tests. PRONUNCIATION FOCUS
C show signs that they can learn. 6 CD•2.35 MP3•75 Listen and repeat.
4 Why are dogs smarter than cats?
sheep /ʃiːp / ship /ʃɪp /
1
A Cats have been domesticated for longer.
keys /kiː z/
2 kiss /kɪs/
B Dogs spend more time with humans.
cats /kæts/
3 cuts /kʌts/
C Dogs learn through helping humans.
prove /pruːv/ proof /pruːf/
4
5 Which of the following statements best sums up
bag /bæɡ/
5 back /bæk/
the interview? Exercise 7
7 CD•2.36 MP3•76 Listen and write down the five 1 cuts
A Appearances can be deceptive.
words from Exercise 6 you hear. 2 back
B Animals form stable communities.
C What we think about animals isn’t always true. 8 Choose five words from Exercise 6. Then, in pairs, 3 sheep
take turns to dictate them to your partner. Check: 4 kiss
has he/she written down the correct word? 5 prove

WORD STORE 5E
9 CD•2.37 MP3•77 Complete WORD STORE 5E.
Add the adjectives in the box to complete the
collocations. Then listen, check and repeat.

67

REFERENCES
AUDIO SCRIPT ❯❯❯ p. 124
WORKBOOK
p. 65
67
 5.4 Reading
Multiple matching 4 Complete the collocations with the adjectives in
I can find specific details in film summaries. blue in the texts.
1 distant/inaccessible/                
remote REGIONS
1 In pairs, discuss the questions. 2 empty/bleak/                
inhospitable PLACES
1 Would you rather visit Alaska, Australia or the 3 arduous JOURNEY
a tough/punishing/                
Pacific coast? 4 scorching TEMPERATURES
baking/burning/                
2 Who would you choose as your travelling 5 record
unexpected/deep/                  SNOWFALL
companion? Or would you prefer to travel alone? 6 a deserted/barren/                
desolate WILDERNESS
3 What are the pros and cons of travelling alone? 5 In pairs, match collocations from Exercise 4 with
the places in the box.
EXAM FOCUS Multiple matching
2 Read the texts about four films based on true the Gobi Desert Death Valley the Sahara Desert
stories of journeys. For questions 1–10, choose Mount Everest the South Pole Siberia the Nile
from the texts (A–D). You can choose each text
more than once. 6 In pairs, discuss the questions.
1 Which of the four films in this lesson would you
In this film, the main character(s):
most/least like to see? Why?
1 wanted to cross the western part of this country
2 What other films or books about extraordinary
and reach the West coast. C
journeys do you know?
2 became very ill because of his/her food. B
3 Which films or books have inspired you to visit a
3 took too many things on a journey. D
place? Where and why?
4 rejected his/her family after a betrayal. B
5 wanted to be reunited with family members. A
6 had to do a lot of climbing on the journey. D
WORD STORE 5F
7 planned to test personal limits of endurance 7 CD•2.39 MP3•79 Complete WORD STORE 5F with

with no help. B adjectives or nouns from the lesson. Then listen,

8 wanted to rediscover something lost. D check and repeat.
9 was/were affected by a political decision. A
10 appreciated the wide open spaces on the journey.C
Exercise 3
C TRACKS
1 aboriginal 3 Complete the questions with the prepositions in
people the box. Then answer the questions.
In early 1977 Robyn Davidson set out with only
2 an arduous 55 four camels and her dog to walk 2,700 kilometres
nine-week one about by in of on over through to with
from the central Australian desert to the Indian
3 the authorities Text A Ocean off the western coast. Nine months later,
4 an affluent one 1 Who did the 1869 Protection Act give the ragged, blistered and burned black by the sun,
5 his father’s Australian Government power        
over ? she reached her destination. An Aboriginal man,
second family 2 What kind of journey did Molly, Daisy and Gracie set 60 Mr Eddie, accompanied her for three weeks, while
6 living simply on ?
off         photographer Rich Smolan joined her three times
with few during the journey. Davidson, now sixty-five, is back
3 Who were Molly and Daisy pursued        by ?
belongings in the limelight. The book of her journey, Tracks,
7 four camels and has been reissued and a film adaptation came out
Text B 65 in 2013.
a dog
4 What sort of family did Chris McCandless grow Her route to the sea took her through remote regions
8 remote and in ?
up         and some of Australia’s most inhospitable places.
inhospitable
5 What secret did McCandless find out        
about ? During nine long, hard months she battled scorching
9 self, space and
6 What did McCandless take pride        
in ? temperatures, rotten food, thirst, navigation errors
time
70 and injured camels. But far more challenging were the
10 her mother’s
Text C psychological aspects. At one point Davidson found
death
7 What animals did Robyn Davidson set out        
with ? herself being swallowed by the vastness of the desert
11 drugs
8 What sort of landscape did Davidson’s route take and losing all sense of self, space and time.
12 the wilderness Despite that, she says, ‘I love the desert and its
and mountain herthrough
        ?
75 incomparable sense of space. I enjoy being with Aborigines
ranges 9 What did Davidson lose all sense        
of ?
and learning from them. I like the freedom inherent in being
on my own and I like the growth and learning processes that
Text D develop from taking chances.’
10 What was Cheryl devastated         by ?
11 What did she turn        
to ?
12 What did she strugglethrough
        ?

68

REFERENCES WORKBOOK
CULTURE NOTES ❯❯❯ p. 114 p. 66–67
EXTRA ACTIVITIES NEXT CLASS
Photocopiable resource 31 (journeys – Ask students to do Show what you
68 10 mins) in the Active Teach know 5.5 in the WB, p. 68.
 CD•3.38 MP3•78

This week, Film Blog is bringing you four true stories about extraordinary people.
Their stories don’t always end happily, but their journeys will move and inspire you.

A RABBIT-PROOF FENCE B INTO THE WILD

In Australia in 1931, three Aboriginal girls ran away from their white The lonely death of
captors and walked 2,400 kilometres to get back home. Their 25 Chris McCandless
story is told in a film entitled Rabbit-Proof Fence. The Aboriginal inspired a book Into
Protection Act of 1869 gave the government powers over the lives the Wild, and a film
5 of Aboriginal people, including the power to forcibly remove mixed by the same name.
race children – those born to a white parent and a black parent – Chris McCandless
from their families. 30 was a young
This story follows three little girls: Molly, fourteen, her sister, American graduate
eight-year-old Daisy, and their ten-year-old cousin Gracie as they who grew up in an
10 are taken from their family to a camp. Upset at being so far from affluent family in
their mothers and their home, the young girls escape and set off Washington, DC.
on an arduous journey to find 35 When he found out
their way home, pursued by the about his father’s
authorities. Molly remembered secret second
15 her father once telling her about family, he was so
the Rabbit-Proof Fence which upset that he distanced himself from his family.
crosses western Australia 40 He abandoned his real name and never contacted his
from north to south. Her goal parents or his sister again. After two years of hitchhiking
was simple: to find the fence around the Northwest, he decided to push himself to the
20 and follow it home. After nine extreme and hiked alone into the desolate wilderness of
weeks of walking and hiding, Alaska. He took pride in living simply and surviving with
they finally arrive home and are 45 few belongings.
reunited with their family. He spent the next sixteen weeks completely alone, hunting,
reading and ‘camping’ in a deserted bus. In late July it is
thought that he ate some poisonous seeds that made him
extremely ill and too weak to hunt for food. Realising that
50 he was going to die, Chris wrote a goodbye message, and
a few weeks later some hunters found his body in the bus.
This was his message: ‘I have had a happy life and thank the
Lord. Goodbye and may God bless all!’

D WILD

Cheryl Strayed’s surname is not her original name. It’s a name she invented for
80 herself. After the death of her mother in 1991, Cheryl’s grief caused her to lose
her way in life; she felt she had ‘strayed’. Devastated by the loss of her mother to
cancer, Cheryl turned to drugs. Then her husband divorced her and, finally, she
realised that she had lost her own sense of identity.
Cheryl decided to challenge herself by hiking along the Pacific Crest Trail in an
85 attempt to find the person she used to be. This was not an easy task. The PCT

runs for 1,100 miles through California from Mexico to Canada and is certainly not
a journey for novices. But Cheryl filled a backpack to bursting and set off. Three
months later, after struggling through wilderness and crossing nine mountain
ranges, Cheryl made it to the end. The journey had been physically and mentally
90 hard for the inexperienced hiker. She had endured 100-degree temperatures,

record snowfalls and encountered bears and rattlesnakes. The giant backpack was
so heavy that she called it ‘Monster’! But the journey had done what she wanted. It
had healed her.
Cheryl wrote a book about her journey and this, in turn, inspired an amazing film
95 called Wild, starring Reese Witherspoon as Cheryl. It shows the healing power of

a journey in the wild.

69

69
 5.5 Grammar
Emphasis – cleft sentences and inversion HD
I can use a range of sentence structures to
express emphasis.

1 CD•2.40 MP3•80 Read and listen to a conversation

between two friends. Why does Will get angry?

Because Emma doesn’t think humans are responsible for climate change.
Will: I’ve been watching a programme about extreme
weather events – interesting but very scary! What
they did was show the effects of some recent
floods where people had lost absolutely everything.
Rarely have I seen such devastating scenes. What I
find shocking is that some people still believe that
Exercise 3 humans have nothing to do with climate change.
2 It was Will Emma: I don’t think you can blame humans.
that/who started
Will: What? It’s those kind of comments that really
talking about
annoy me. How can you say that?
climate change.
Emma: All I’m saying is that there’s no link between
3 What Will 4 Complete the sentences with the words
did was (to) carbon emissions and climate change. What’s in the box. There are two extra words.
tell Emma how happened is that scientists have invented global
strongly he felt. warming so they can get more funding. all are do does is it’s has what
4 All Emma Will: Are you serious? Not only are you making
suggested was ridiculous accusations, but you don’t even know the 1      It’s
        the gases from industrialisation
that you couldn’t basic facts! Of course it’s carbon emissions that are that have caused the greenhouse effect.
blame humans. to blame for global warming! 2 What scientists      do        is analyse air
5 What Will that’s 800,000 years old trapped under
2 Read and complete the GRAMMAR FOCUS with the words
couldn’t believe the ice in Antarctica.
in blue in the conversation.
was/were 3 Never      has         there been more carbon
Emma’s views on GRAMMAR FOCUS dioxide in the atmosphere than there is now.
scientists. Emphasis 4     What
        happened was that average
6 Never had You can emphasise a piece of information in a sentence in a number of temperatures rose by one degree Celsius
Will heard different ways: last century.
such ridiculous • Cleft sentences: ‘divide’ a sentence by adding a clause to 5 Not only      are        we observing a rise
accusations. emphasise key information in sea levels, but also many extreme
What’s 1happened is (that) scientists have invented … (= Scientists
Exercise 5 weather events.
have invented …)
1 What I worry 6 If we don’t act now,      all         we’re
What they 2     did         was (to) show the effects of … (= They
about most is
showed the effects of …)
doing is creating problems for future
pollution. generations.
3
    What
        I find shocking is (that) … (= I find it shocking (that) …)
2 All I want for 4
        those kind of comments that … (= Those kind of
     It’s 5 Put the words in the correct order
my birthday is comments …) to make sentences. Begin with the
money. 5
     All        I’m saying is (that) … (= I’m just saying (that) …) underlined words.
3 What I hate
• Inversion: negative expression (never, rarely, not only, etc.) + 1 worry about most / I / is / pollution / what
about winter is
auxiliary verb + subject (formal) 2 I / money / my birthday / all / for / want / is
that it gets dark 6
        have I seen … (= I have rarely seen …)
    Rarely
so early. 3 it gets dark so early / what / winter / I /
7
             are you making ridiculous accusations, but you don’t
Not only
4 What I love about / that / hate / is
even know the basic facts. (= You are making … and you don’t even
most about my 4 most / the food / what / I / my country /
know …)
country is the about / love / is
food. 5 who / in our house / the cooking / my
3 Rewrite the sentences using structures from the
5 It’s my father father / does / it’s
GRAMMAR FOCUS and the word in capitals.
who does the
6 to do / what / buy a laptop / is / want / I
cooking in our 1 Will and Emma had an argument. HAPPENED
7 my clothes / to any of my friends / under
house. What happened was (that) Will and Emma had an
no circumstances / lend / would / I
6 What I want argument.
to do is buy a 2 Will (not Emma) started talking about climate change. IT 6 In pairs, tick the sentences in Exercise 5 that
laptop. 3 Will told Emma how strongly he felt. DID are true for you. Write more true sentences
7 Under no 4 Emma only suggested that you couldn’t blame humans. ALL beginning with the underlined words.
circumstances 5 Will couldn’t believe Emma’s views on scientists. WHAT What I worry about most is …
would I lend my
6 Will hadn’t ever heard such ridiculous accusations. NEVER Grammar Focus page 98
clothes to any of
my friends. 70

EXTRA ACTIVITIES
Photocopiable resource 5 (Test yourself
pairwork activities – 10 mins), p. 137
WORKBOOK
70 p. 68
5.6 Speaking
Giving a presentation
I can give a presentation on a natural
wonder.
1 In pairs, follow the instructions.
• Make a list of well-known natural wonders.
• Compare your list with another pair.
• In groups of four, discuss which of the
places you have visited or would like to
visit.
2 Look at the photo and describe it using
the words in the box. Naica
cave/cavern crystal minerals
geologists underground
Exercise 3
3 CD•2.41 MP3•81You are going to listen to 1 when mineral
a presentation about the Giant Crystal miners from the
Cave. How will the information below town of Naica in
Giant Crystal Cave
relate to the topic? Listen and check. Northern Mexico
discovered the
1 the year 2000 4 58 degrees
5 Complete the extracts from presentations with words and cave
2 half a million Celsius
phrases from the SPEAKING FOCUS. 2 the age of the
years 5 10 minutes enormous crystals
wondering
1 You may be              why I’ve chosen to talk about Ha Long
3 55 tons of Cueva De Los
Bay in Vietnam today. Well, let me explain.
4 CD•2.41 MP3•81 Complete the SPEAKING Cristales
2 You may already     know        that Komodo, an island in
FOCUS with the words in the box. Then 3 the weight of
Indonesia, is home to the famous Komodo Dragon, the the largest crystal
listen again and check.
biggest lizard alive on the planet today. in the cave
aware during free familiar 3 Perhaps you have      heard
        of Table Mountain in South 4 the
realise wondered Africa. It rises high above the city of Cape Town. temperature in
4 We are probably all familiar with the Amazon River, in South the cave
SPEAKING FOCUS America, but most people aren’taware              that it was chosen 5 the length of
Introducing the topic as one of the new Seven Wonders of the World in 2011. time it is possible
Have you ever thought about/considered/ anyone
5 Thanks for listening. If              has any questions, please to remain
1
             how/why/what … ? feel free to ask now. underground
wondered
2
During
             my/this presentation, I plan to tell 6 Which of these are good tips on giving presentations? Tick
you about … one sentence in each pair. Then compare with a partner.
You may be wondering why I’ve chosen to talk
1 a Speak with a clear voice at a natural speed. 3
about … today. Well, let me explain …
b Speak quickly and quietly.
Introducing familiar information 2 a Don’t look at the audience.
We are (probably) all 3    familiar
        with … b Make eye contact with the audience. 3
You may be 4    aware
        that … 3 a Ask the audience questions to keep them involved. 3
You may already know that … b Don’t ask the audience questions.
Perhaps you have heard of/about … 4 a Write a script and read out every word when you present.
Introducing surprising information b Have some notes with you but don’t read them out. 3
realise
Most people aren’t aware/don’t 5             … 5 a If you forget something, keep going. No one will notice. 3
… but, did you know that … ? b If you forget something, say sorry and finish the presentation.
You might not know that … 6 a When you finish, sit down as quickly as possible.
b When you finish, thank the audience and invite questions. 3
Finishing your presentation
OK, that’s all from me. 7 Prepare a presentation on a natural wonder. Follow these steps.
Thank you for listening. 1 Select a natural wonder that interests you.
I hope you found the presentation interesting. 2 Do some research and plan your presentation.
If anyone has any questions, please feel 6     free
        3 Find some interesting photos to illustrate the presentation
to ask now. if possible.
4 Select useful language from the SPEAKING FOCUS.
5 Study and practise your presentation.
6 Give your presentation to the class. Follow the advice in
Exercise 6. 71

REFERENCES
CULTURE NOTES ❯❯❯ p. 115
AUDIO SCRIPT ❯❯❯ p. 125
WORKBOOK
p. 69 71
 5.7 Writing
A review of a travel destination
I can write a review of a travel destination
and make recommendations.
1 In pairs, discuss the questions. Use the
collocations in the box to help you.
1 Why are some areas made into national
parks?
2 Describe a well-known national park you
know.
cultural heritage
diverse landscapes
environmental impact
natural beauty
sustainable tourism
wildlife protection
2 Read Alice’s comments in Young Traveller
magazine. Do you agree with her point of
view?
Have your say …
Last month we asked you:
Is enough being done to protect
the natural environment in
popular tourist destinations?
Alice, 17, wrote:
I’m a nature lover and it seems to me that
governments and tour operators care mainly
about the money that tourism generates and not
about the negative impacts that visitors have on
natural environments. Development of facilities
for tourists often takes priority over protection
of areas of natural beauty and local wildlife, and
not enough is done to establish national parks or
develop tourism responsibly.
YOUNG TR AVELLER
Olly201: I get what you’re saying, Alice, but there
are places out there which offer eco-friendly
holidays! Check out the links in my last post.
YOUNG TR AVELLER
3 Read Nick’s review. Would you like to visit
the place he describes? Why?/Why not?
4 In pairs, answer the questions.
In which paragraph does Nick:
a describe the location of the place? 2
b say which place he is writing about
and why? 1
c make a final recommendation? 4
d give details of the protective measures
taken in the place chosen? 3
72
REFERENCES
CULTURE NOTES ❯❯❯ p. 115
WORKBOOK
p. 70–71
72
5 Complete the WRITING FOCUS with the words in the box.
because cause and result concession contrast reason
WRITING FOCUS
Using linking devices
You can use linking devices to:
• express 1concession .
Although/Even though there are still problems, the situation has
improved.
Despite/In spite of the laws, some new hotels have still been built.
• express 2    reason
        formally using participle clauses.
Having seen a turtle swim, I know how graceful they are in the water.
Being a responsible tourist, I am happy to follow the rules.
cause and
• express 3    result
        .
The river was so polluted that something had to be done.
Litter became such a problem that the area was closed to visitors.
contrast
• express 4             .
While/Whereas many parts of the forest are protected, others are not.
Some tourists behave responsibly while/whereas others do not.
• express reason with alternatives to 5    because
        (of).
Governments are often reluctant to limit tourism as/since it generates
huge income.
Certain paths have been closed due to erosion caused by visitors.
Making recommendations
This destination would be ideal for …
If you’re looking for … , then this is the place for you.
I can thoroughly recommend …
… is definitely worth visiting.
All in all, I would highly recommend …
Have your say ...
Nick, 17, wrote:
Zakynthos
1 If you’re looking for a holiday destination where a great deal is
being done to promote wildlife protection and preserve natural
beauty, then the Greek island of Zakynthos is the place for you.
2 Having just returned from a holiday to beautiful Zakynthos, 2
I have personally seen sustainable tourism in action. Zakynthos
is a picturesque island off the west coast of mainland Greece. It
is surrounded by turquoise waters but only a small part of its
coastline is sandy beach. In the southern part of the island lies the
Bay of Laganas, a major nesting area for the loggerhead sea turtle.
During my trip to the island, my friends and I learnt about the ways
in which the turtles are being protected.
 6 Read Nick’s review again and find an 9 Read the notice from the Young Traveller website. Then
example for each category in the WRITING follow the instructions below.
FOCUS. See in text.

7 Complete the LANGUAGE FOCUS with the
words in purple in Nick’s review.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Describing the location of a place
Use the following structures to describe the location
of a place:
• A reef/An island 1     off
        the (west) coast (of) …
… is a town/resort/region on the (east) coast
(of) …/inland from …/to the south of …/high in
the mountains/deep in the forest, etc.
surrounded
• It is 2             by turquoise waters/majestic
mountains/lush forests/vast deserts.
• In the southern part of the island/country
3
     lies
        the Bay of Laganas/the resort of …
coastline
• Part of its 4             is sandy beach/the region is a
national park/the beach is closed to tourists.
8 In pairs, choose a famous tourist destination
in your country and describe its location.
Use the LANGUAGE FOCUS to help you.
Can your partner guess the place you are
describing?
MORE ECO-HOLIDAY REVIEWS WANTED!
We hope you enjoy the reviews on this page and find them useful.
We would like to include more reviews from readers who have
been to eco-friendly places on holiday. This might be a particular
hotel, restaurant or a whole area. Send us a review describing the
place and how it is attempting to be environmentally friendly.
1 Decide which place you are going to write about and do
some research. Choose from these places or use your
own idea:
• Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya
• Fraser Island, Great Sandy National Park, Australia
• Punta Tombo Penguin Rookery, Argentina
• Yellowstone National Park, the USA
(Hint: search for ‘visitor rules’ or ‘visitors’ guide’.)
2 Follow the paragraph plan in Nick’s review (see
Exercise 4).
10 Write your review in 140–190 words. Use the WRITING
FOCUS and the LANGUAGE FOCUS to help you.

YOUNG TR AVELLER

3 Under pressure from environmental groups, the Greek

government made parts of the coastline into a marine national
park in 1999. As a result, building is not allowed, and vehicles and 3
artificial lights are banned near the beach. Similarly, speedboats
are so disruptive that they are not permitted, and there are no
night flights to Zakynthos as the noise scares the turtles. While
4
tourists can visit some of the nesting beaches, this can only be
done at certain times and there are strict rules about contact.

4 So, for people who care about the environment and want to make
an environmentally-friendly holiday choice, I can thoroughly
recommend a visit to Zakynthos. If you’re looking for somewhere
beautiful and peaceful too, then this is the place for you.

73

73
 5.8 Language in focus 5.9 Vocabulary
Word families – prefixes and suffixes in focus
I can recognise and form a wide range of words using Environmental crimes • Protected
prefixes and suffixes. areas
1 Read the information. Then tick the example words you 1 In pairs, discuss the questions.
know. Try to guess the meaning of the other words.
1 What do you know about these
Prefixes, as well as suffixes, can be added to the same root word to environmental crimes?
create word families. For example, from the root word use you can form • wild animal trafficking
reuse, misuse, disused and reusable. The table lists some common • indiscriminate logging
prefixes and their meanings. • electronic waste mismanagement
• finning
PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES
• dumping waste in rivers
un- in- dis- not (mainly adjectives) uneven, illogical
2 What can be done to prevent them?
il- im- ir-
un- dis- opposite (mainly verbs) undo, disallow 2 Match the environmental crimes from
Exercise 1 with the texts A–E.
re- do again rebuild, redistribute
mis- badly, wrongly misbehave, mismanage A Every year, millions of sharks suffer a slow
and painful death after having their fins
multi- many, several multicoloured, multinational
chopped off and then released back into
over- under- too much/not enough overwork, underpay
the sea, all because the fins are a culinary
pro-/anti- in favour/against pro-democracy, anti-communist delicacy in Asia. Some large fins can be
pre- post- before/after pre-owned, postwar sold for up to €1,000 on the Far East
markets. A growing number of Chinese
2 Translate the example words in Exercise 1. Are there people are willing to pay about €80 for
similar prefixes in your language?
a bowl of shark fin soup. Governments
3 Write the negative form of the words in the box next to around the world have been introducing
the correct prefix. What spelling rules can you work out for new, tougher laws on shark fishing in
Exercise 3
il-, im- and ir-? order to reduce the unnecessary deaths
il- = adjectives
beginning with l- finning
of so many sharks. ________
ability believe capable fair formal legible literate
im- = adjectives mature patient pleasant regular relevant B People buy and sell wildlife and animal
beginning with parts the same way they buy and sell
m- or p- 1 dis-    ability
        ,     believe
        4 in-    capable
        ,     formal
        arms or illegal drugs. This is possible
ir- = adjectives 2 il-    legible
        ,     literate
        5 ir-    regular
        ,     relevant
        due to corrupt civil servants, flaws in the
beginning with r- 3 im-    mature
        ,     patient
        6 un-     fair        ,             
pleasant laws and the lenient sentences given
4 Give these statements the opposite meaning by changing to the criminals. All these factors make
the underlined word. Which statements do you agree with? poaching a lucrative business with a
1 It’s probable that people will live on Mars one day. improbable low level of risk. Most often, it’s only
2 The money I get from my parents every week is adequate. inadequate poor locals who are caught red-handed
3 It ought to be legal to ride a bicycle without a helmet. illegal committing this violation of law, leaving
4 Most people would describe me as responsible. irresponsible the true kingpins of crime untroubled
wild animal
5 The roads in my country are really safe. unsafe and ready to strike again.trafficking
_________
6 Doctors are underpaid for the job they do. overpaid C In spite of the fact that there are strict
7 People who are pro-nuclear don’t understand the dangers. anti-nuclear environmental regulations, it’s quite
8 Pre-match interviews with footballers are usually boring. Post-match common for factories and plants to litter
surface waters such as: streams, rivers
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word and lakes. Such disposal of industrial
in capitals. Use a prefix and a suffix each time. Do you
waste usually leads to catastrophic
share any of these worries?
consequences. For example, it can slow
I worry about: down the natural flow of water in times
unemployment
1 jobs. Youth            is a big problem in my country. EMPLOY of heavy rain or severe storms, and cause
2 the environment. People should use more renewable            energy. NEW
mass flooding and damage to personal
3 the media. There is too much misinformation
             : you can’t trust dumping waste
property or agricultural land. _________
in rivers
anybody. INFORM
4 health. There aren’t enough doctors. Hospitals are      understaffed
        .
STAFF
5 politics. Politicians should be made to keep their      pre-election
       
promises. ELECT
6 our society. I think it should be more      multi-cultural
        . CULTURE
74

EXTRA ACTIVITIES WORKBOOK

Photocopiable resource 32 (word p. 71
formation – 15 mins) in the Active Teach

74
 D Unsupervised tree cutting leaves many forests 1 Poor local villagers poach animals because
on the brink of extinction because it’s done at A they like seafood.
such rate that it doesn’t give a chance to the local B they want to live lives that are not so difficult.
wildlife and trees to regenerate. According to C they need leather.
environmental experts more than 50 per cent of 2 Ivory
the global tree cover has already disappeared A is a symbol of social status.
as a result of deforestation. Soil erosion, loss of B is primarily bought for its medicinal properties.
biodiversity and water cycle disruption are only C is highly treasured by Asians.
some of the results of the uncontrolled timber 3 Poaching
trade. indiscriminate
__________logging A is a local issue.
E The majority of the old computers, office B is illegal.
electronic equipment and household electric C offers a solution to the food shortage.
appliances are discarded instead of being reused 4 Match the words in green from Exercise 3 with
or recycled. The startling figure of 50 million metric the pictures 1–4.
tonnes of e-waste accumulated each year has
been estimated by the United Nations and it’s
rising steadily. Most e-waste contains hazardous
materials which could have harmful effect on
1 2 3 4
human health and the environment unless they are
handled with care. electronic waste mismanagement
__________
horn
1 __________________ pelt
3 __________________
3 Read the text and choose the correct answer, A, B
2 __________________
antlers tusks
4 __________________
or C.

5 Match the words in the box with the pictures 1–3.

protected landscape marine protected area
nature monument

ANIMAL POACHING marine protected

1 ____________
area nature monument 3 protected
2 ____________ landscape
____________
– A NECESSITY OR AN ECCENTRIC WHIM?
With the growth of human population the demand for
6 Complete the text with the words from
wildlife increases, too. People living in wealthy countries are
Exercise 5 and the words from the box.
accustomed to a way of life which requires a wide variety of
natural resources like leather, textiles, medicinal ingredients nature reserve habitat management area
and seafood. On the other hand, members of poor communities national park
view wildlife as means of making their lives a little bit
less harsh. Protected areas vary in their purpose and the
The poaching of elephants and rhinos has become an strictness of their protection. For example,
international problem. Thousands of elephants, especially the a national
1
________parkis a vast area of natural habitats
largest adults, have already been killed for their tusks. Ivory containing distinctive ecosystems without
is often carved into ornate jewelry or scrimshawed and it’s major infrastructure development, whereas a
avidly sought-after on Asian markets. Rhinos are targeted for nature
2 reserve
________ is an area with endangered or rare
their horns simply because in China and Vietnam the horns marine
symbolise high social status, with another reason being that species important for biodiversity. A 3protected
________area

traditional Chinese medicine makes use of the horns as main is mainly established to protect the seabed or
habitat
ingredients for various medicines. management preserves
the surface water and a 4__________
area
Tigers are mainly poached for their bones, pelt and organs, the habitats of particular flora and fauna species.
which are thought to be an aphrodisiac, while bears are killed protected
A 5_________
landscape could be either natural or cultural
for their gall bladders, used in China as a remedy. Big antelope
landscape important in ecological or cultural
antlers can be sold for up to $ 20,000 on the black market. nature
Although people have been hunting animals for food for terms, while a 6_________
monument safeguards unique
centuries, poaching is a crime and it serves a vicious purpose to geological formations.
satisfy the insatiable human desire for wealth and power.
75

WORKBOOK NEXT CLASS

p. 72 •• Ask students to study the Word list
on p. 105–106.
•• Ask students to revise for Focus
review 5.
75
 FOCUS REVIEW 5
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR LANGUAGE IN USE

1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. There are 5 Complete the text with one word
two extra words. in each gap.

species debris habitat inhospitable field prey wells

1 After the hurricane there was so much debris scattered around A KANGAROO
that it took ages to clean it up. AT LARGE
A
2 Animals use a number of techniques to catch their prey such couple of weeks ago the police
as stalking or waiting camouflaged for the most appropriate moment. received a strange phone call. It
3 The first oil wells in Europe were drilled 30–50 metres deep in turned out that a kangaroo had escaped
Bóbrka, Poland. from an animal park situated in the
4 Deforestation is a serious problem mainly because it contributes to suburbs. 1 Having arrived at the scene,
the loss of natural habitat of the animals living in the forest. the police discovered that the kangaroo
5 The middle of the Sahara is one of the most inhospitable places on had got out through a hole in the fence.
the planet. There’s hardly any life.
The public and all police patrols were
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words notified about the missing kangaroo.
in capitals. Immediately, the police received a
1 The idea that space exploration is the main reason for the loss of 2 lot/number
of phone calls from members
Exercise 4
1 no the ozone layer is a common misconception . CONCEIVE of the public with reported sightings
circumstances are 2 He stood on the shore admiring the ocean and feeling of the escaped animal. Unfortunately,
you allowed to overwhelmed by its vastness . VAST 3 despite
the police getting to these places
use 3 It is feared that the contract for a new power plant has been mismanaged , fairly promptly, the kangaroo managed to
2 only did Tim and this may cause a serious delay to its opening. MANAGE stay one hop ahead of everyone. After a
see 4 Despite the scorching temperatures in Death Valley, we decided couple of days, the police finally realised
3 Claudia needs to go for a drive across it. SCORCH that the kangaroo was grazing on the
to do is (to) mow 5 The residents expressed their strong disapproval of the authorities’ grass in the park near the police station.
4 have we plan to extend the supermarket in place of a park. APPROVE 4
What everybody found quite
experienced 6 Environmentalists worry about the industrial waste in our area. surprising was how calm the animal
5 Josh INDUSTRY seemed to be and how easy it was to catch.
recommended
was that you 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs When it was safely returned to the animal
in brackets. park, one policeman said, ‘I wish we
Exercise 6 1 I wish I had chosen (choose) to do a presentation about endangered
5 had more cases like that.’
1 you trained species. I’m struggling with the topic of acid rain.
your dog/your 2 It’s high time you started (start) cycling to school. It’s not too far.
hadn’t
6 Complete the second sentence so
dog was trained
3 If only the motorway been built (not build) near the nature reserve. that it has a similar meaning to the
2 have I seen so
It wouldn’t have affected the local wildlife so much. first.
many robins in
4 I’d rather you used (use) reusable bags while shopping 1 Your dog needs training.
the garden
instead of those plastic ones. It’s high time .
3 the rescue
workers could 5 I wish my parents had asked (ask) me what breed of dog I wanted 2 I have never seen so many robins in
have some hot to get before buying me a poodle. the garden before.
food and a rest 4 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to Never before .
4 I had listened the first. 3 The rescue workers really want
to my brother some hot food and a rest.
1 You are not allowed to use the equipment without supervision
when he told If only .
me about the under any circumstances.
Under the equipment without supervision. 4 It’s a pity I didn’t listen to my
weather
2 Tim not only saw a school of dolphins, but he also spotted a whale. brother when he told me about the
6 no
Not a school of dolphins, but he also spotted a whale. weather.
circumstances
must we go home 3 Claudia needs to mow the lawn before she goes on holiday. I wish .
now because What the lawn before she goes on holiday. 5 We mustn’t go home now because
there’s a tornado 4 We have never experienced such cold weather while skiing. there’s a tornado approaching.
approaching Never such cold weather while skiing. Under .
7 the teacher 5 Josh only recommended you should buy more organic food. 6 I don’t like the fact that the teacher
didn’t give gives us so many photocopies.
All should buy more organic food.
us so many I’d rather .
photocopies 76

EXTRA ACTIVITIES •• Photocopiable resource 34 WORKBOOK

WORD STORE – Use of English, p. 10
In the Active Teach:
•• Photocopiable resource 33
(mini-test 3 – 15 mins)
76
(Speaking – 15 mins) Use of English 5.10, p. 73;
•• Photocopiable resource 35 Self-assessment 5.11, p. 74
(Writing – 15 mins)
 READING SPEAKING

7 Read the texts about travellers. For questions 8 In pairs, complete the speaking task.
1–5, choose from the texts (A–C). You can choose Student A, your photos show people doing things
each text more than once.
to help the environment. Compare the photos
Which text mentions a person who: and say how the people’s actions are helping the
1 needed a number of accomplishments to achieve environment.
their ambition? C
2 achieved something which had first been done A
many years before? A
3 had to compete against another person trying to
achieve the same goal? A
4 became famous for a discovery that many others
had failed to make? B
5 was in danger? C

A Krystyna Chojnowska-Liskiewicz (born 15 July 1936) was B

the first woman to sail solo around the globe, a journey initially
completed by Joshua Slocum in 1900. Chojnowska-Liskiewicz
set off from the Canary Islands on 28 February 1976 in the
9.5-metre vessel Mazurek, whose construction team was headed
by her husband. She circumnavigated 31,166 nautical miles
before returning to the spot where she had started some 401 days
later on 21 April 1978. In completing her voyage, she officially
became the first woman to sail single-handedly around the
world, beating New Zealander Naomi James, who completed her
circumnavigation on 8 June the same year.

Student B, have you ever taken part in a beach cleanup?

B Jacek Pałkiewicz (born 2 June 1942) is a Polish journalist,
traveller and explorer who has written over thirty books and
became an internationally recognised expert on survival skills.
Notable trips include his first major expedition in which he
crossed the Sahara Desert on foot in 1972, a journey to the
coldest place in Siberia (-72°C) in 1989 and crossing the jungles
of Vietnam on elephants in 1992. He is best known, however, for
his 1996 trek to the Andes, where he led the scientific expedition
which indisputably established the sought-after source of the
Amazon River.
C Junko Tabei (born 22 September 1939) is a Japanese mountain
climber who became the first woman to climb Mount Everest.
During the ascent, the camp Tabei was staying at was struck
by an avalanche. She was buried under the snow and lost
consciousness but her Sherpa guide dug her out. Twelve days
after the avalanche, on 16 May 1975, Tabei reached the summit
of Mount Everest. Tabei had set herself the goal of becoming
the first woman to scale the Seven Summits, the highest
mountains on each of the seven continents. She achieved her
goal in June 1992, when she climbed Puncak Jaya on the
island of New Guinea. Tabei also climbed the highest peaks
in different countries around the world and by 2009 she had
reached fifty-six of them. Apart from climbing, she is also
working for an organisation aiming to preserve mountain
environments.
9 Now go to WORD STORE page 20 and complete
another speaking task.
10 In pairs, discuss the questions.
1 What could be done to persuade people to recycle
more?
2 How can you use social media to promote an
environmentally friendly lifestyle?
3 Is the work of environmental organisations effective?
What makes you think so?
4 What are the advantages of living next to large green
areas?
WRITING
11 Complete the writing task.
You have seen this announcement on an English-
language website.
Film reviews wanted
Have you seen a film that was made in a particularly
beautiful part of the world? Write a review for our
website, describing the location and how it was
important for the film. Say whether you would
recommend the film to others and why.
Write your review in 140–190 words.

77

NEXT CLASS
•• Ask students to do Self-check 5.12 in
the WB, p. 75.
•• Ask students to prepare for Unit test 5
(Focus Assessment Package).
77