Oscillation Following ae sven ome gnc points reznling notin, eae motion and snp amon ition GHD 4. Inger moto of bry orp) dpe mt ctr (the mie freer acetone body and (i) te eocy Forexampte ‘A oni fe cont acclention ala eight in or pole path ini ‘ely 2 or pallor amar) constant gecleratn ten paths stig ne al ther cases pth patel, For sl big elation do Bev) (ag) costa Sphere opto Fig 1a? If foree of constant magnitude i acting ona particle and its direction is always perpendicular to velocity, then path i cieular motion in which speed is constant. This also called uniform circular motion. F=|F =" R l=\vs i=l. Now let us consider a particle fee to move along x-axis, which is being acted upon by a force given by, ‘positive constant. C=") Now, following eases are possible depending onthe value of (Ie isan even imeger (0,2, 4,.. ee), force is always along ne released ffom any positon om the x-axis (except at r=0) a force in negative direction of sans aot on it and it moves rectilinear along negative aus. i) Wem isan odd integer (I 3, 8, et), force is along negative x-axis for x >0, along positive xeanis for x<(and zero for v=0. Thus, the particle will oscillate about stable equilibrium Postion (also called the mean positon), x =0. The force in this case is elle the restoring force, OF hese ifn Fig 142 Here, & Periodic moten; moken thar weppeats [self agra Certain He period. FE Fe -kx” whiny fs #2 even no. eget fa - kx sash he pis p ——$—$—$ win nis tue odd no. eg. nes i.e, F =~ kr the motion is sui 10 be SHM, —— 2, Imevery oscillatory motion, there is one mean postion (or table equilbrium postion) and two j=. “ 2. Bis seen man ation ane cure poston lap aston 4 4 Gril door Noma sa soe ops tenemos. Wincanton bra oe pte fresuith ous cl nrc ofncheney inter sany spate ie eon res a) mene conte We tov em ates pos npn pa a vas tires bu ol mane eu sens cnog Snail nowy foment ‘SSrnae poste peut egy tren act gy aes 4. Tame i pn or rn pty me pi he iil wet ou cou een cays 6. tsa oer mate, SHB ahos mtn a Sas fay mon cn ah bag =vay “ay ©) can alto be applied to SHM. a Se 1. Inn ts dente eae one sing i inSain mn poston a soy oon 6. Amen pn, = "simi nc ennai pte ey bianca ‘tenement 4, Feat ci iste cy =a pot cow somtnun 0. Si ald singe tamaric moon Seca is mates sin Mantis of pn anon of cer porcs ree Fe heen) sch om Tse Tees et Seren ily mtn hss sa hsintwcthihdsnee te PRUE Ponte a Alike y= a= (© =angular frequency of osilatins. 'SHM may be lineat or angular. For example, motion of @ pendulum for small amplitudes is Sa 1" Latent | ae , at Lae = Vinex ‘ ees be 1 Oscillatory mossens- To aviel fro MOKEN aloour a fixeal pir fs calted Oscillatory mohen . tA vestort be acting tows postiten: Gentral equation ofy Harmonic mosion > or FAR wall al the man simple selena mean postion bo RA ; eowclpri TT) ectent si t40Period(r) + Time taken to complete ent eyo 15 cated period. Frequincy (fox 9) j- No. Of aschilaken ow coyote completed pe second, f= L fi Ag hal fer aac CS) eet we an Fi x= Asin¢wt+ 6) Us AW Cos (ots §) Assuming apta T again porbee veacs to tte samw moben, x= Ast cwlt +746) vile Aw cos(wlt+7) +6) fow Sepeating tt mobeu of x md Vek So Asin(eotes)= ASiH(ewtH@}1S) | fue ons a8) = pracoccnts 4 sim and woogie repeat itself agian mln 27 period, $0 voT= Qn Te on oo Graph 4, Sisplacement vs time t- X= Asin (eot+ 8) for S=0 9 Xe Asinceot) Phare s- It telly about He moon of parbele ar any tne imstonr. be wots Argument of sfc ov coshn function fs cad prare Conetition fox omy modtumancal -fuseton ( erepression) te vep resent SHM a=-CXx a] x +ex=0 op@) Sdwntify vohiion equadion ‘vepresent SHM. a. all b. y=ae™ x c. y=asinot + beosot 4. y=sinot +0820 x, 6.92 WwoDX 4.46 pe sinean oe Ae @ OF Sfingot) + cas@ cot) > oy - ae, tu ay. eo cogtet) - 21 Sfr@ut) ~ : or «pit f, * 2 dys atwen oly . - ah stinccot) - dud cos(2L0t) od toot ae ° jot 2. 2 eg = actoye™” = - ware Py = -w'[ sfncwot) + 4 cos(acot) at out Not a ays oy 3 { at afayqs+ wry =0 9t wolll vepresent xe @ ye Ae sinccot) ye ole eo wooseot + Sinccotde” oH ot Ref>yesentat on oh SHM oy buiporm Cfrcular MoKens- —a——e ATS eee Corn a povrbole Performing Uni fore Cipuday moon usitr Onn geudorr velocity w and wadius 4 ya = pa — om taghg ids pryjechon aleng fy aus ' ; — Angu sep by Pow bd ar = circular moben fr ttme 4’. @= wt SHM COM be wong oe & asine = Asin(we) aaileg tha prgection(c se re te) _ purcoscest) & O particle performing Chroulor rade E = — Ato sln(wod) > %,- - of 50 14 Usill wepresert SHM,If parte is not on x-anis at t=0 it wos alseodty Ak some +e Omgle (6) at time tot auagulory posidern of pardsck eng dsc (ole wed Sts pavjecKeu along Y ois 4 A sin(eot +8) velocity of particle (UW) Us dy = Aww cos(eot +8) ab UCt) = Au cos(wtt 8) [Mmax]= AO wl) = Aw! IH sftqot +5) ae CS = Kw [ange FC UG) = wl rey ahs duct - aw slinwot+d) alr na] = AW Ouax = Vaiax 4 acgy= -0 4 Example 14.9 A particle executes SHM with a time period of 4s. Find the time taken by the particle to go directly from its mean position to half of its ‘amplitude. y 1 Sine =/Ab\ = (ey > “Wp” py : 360 age fs swept fin 45. So 30 c Gx30- Vy Seo. 360A pare exes SHHM slong a straight ne with man postion x = 0, petal 20 «and amp 5, The shes te ten bythe pr Yo go tom x= 4 em tox "Sem wae Ts ee wee ‘Tw pares A a B perform SHO along the sume sight Bw wh the sme anpude same freuen apt ame equim potion (The gat dtncs beter thom e fund fo be Sx. AL come tt of tne thy hive the tne diploeme from mean polon, What i hie plese? i 4 © fee oa agineot asin(wt +8) asin(wt+8)-asinwt)= ay defroot = pingorrs)= (2) * aay Cos (cot +8) sn()} = oy 2 ootes nT 2 5 wot = fos ay 1 kt max, = fh fn(&- 8) = =aGn aa stn § ag a sin asin(€-8) = acess) oe Os Te ge shes the dace tine gph 2 price mening SLM. 0 x= rosie 2/3) wre q x loan q ny 2 (© x= Losin 2) £2 oan ep a: int x= 0 to sir(nts ale) eee. ‘pr SH hie pl Td ps Th nn pte ye + xo. 4 we ier ancher Faron 8 rears ta B The tine ped of eration “| (Uy qe oe on oe ae 8 ld mee Teta He periad = extrme erungy of Rawice Porfeumnlng Sure xz Asinceote §) Sf mass Of Pashole 1s m- Wwe Aw eos(wt+8) Kine Ennrgy (KE) = Peal KE(A= Lena [Aweoscort+]” 2 KECH = Lmao" cob (wt +8)constaniing min valu of PE =o $0 KEnay, = ME ME = Lmao 50 PECt)= ME - KECH PECt) = Leet’ - Lm arco’ cos(cot +8) 2 2 z Tah Sermons PE(t) = ima sth (cot +8) PEC): A Y LPEayg? = Leal eot 4 Kecy) = ME - PELY) 5 mateo’ Lemp! = Leet (ay) Key) = Ema aey) at Of mfr PE {snot zero thatead fts Ue a. PE(Y) = Us + Lnedly Kedp = Lma(-¥) fe 2 ge posiben TE = Unto Pe freguumoy of KE ! KE Ct) = Lewtatcod (wot + 6) i ‘ . 2 ry a posiéen ete exterre (10$20= 20088 -1 = bmagat [cosnGeot+8) +L = 1m 2 2 th e Leved'a'[eos(aut +26) +1] ns . w= aw Saf! = Sao Be] a jaw Ge Red posite Kindle enngy is not perforening SH mend uur venocity pebwetn o and Ibmatot wlth frequency If Grane KE Displacement ofa patil is x = 3 sin 2t + doos 24 the ampitude and the maximum velocity will be = ase 0 “waz 42 3,8 7 X= psinwt+ 8 cost Ke 3SiN2¢ +4 OSU Az RewsS B. Qgind xe Rsinc2er 8) Ta Reincot coss + ReOSCAE SfnS Re [Ba 5 Xz _Rstnccot +s) Vung QUE 5X22 1omls tanS= Bla ae [Re ce tavs'(ola)Caleutating time pariod 4 porbeu porgormfing SHA F X= Fo -cx mas -Cx ¢ x Comparing with Qs -w'x wo Ud = wo [Ee 5 =f fr >>] anf= (°F Lg Ww Simple Pendulum 2 Feo, = masine h foe avery small ample © 5 sine @ eee ™ e Fee 4G) Fres= (ye ge 8 Meas az ee ca) (4)* companivg with Qe- wx aa. [F a tant # Ho stoople pendulum Aan ifere peudd & seconds then such pendurlun fs call SECOND PENDULUM (@) find the lng 4 secerrot pendulum (i) 05m wy Im dM 2 cw 1s ge TE. 498 5= im Gre 4 Giay*®Simple pendulum as cuiguilan SM. x= asincwt+ §) 9f boo is ak mean posiben ar too and given some velocity to tu igure Sz0 uso m= Asn (vot) as beeen OY bob fe taken aside Oud released at t=0 xe A ar t20 a = asin(6) 8: Alo 7 Xe Asin (wt + Me) Te AOS (cov) — iy x= Asin cut +8) *) iv is given eurwand 3 066690 qv is gfven frword 2 90666180 x= A Sir(eot +8) pos Kb fn (wot 4 8) p= > sin(wti 2 > Angulan aisploernent aii wo bo Pnguian Aroplitude = hv cos(eot +5) 2|é- pw cos (eat + 8) 3 b= wig ot iff vowt *t? és = - Pw" slin(wot +8) afo=-w0 le 65 angular aceelrat en Time period of sfmpe perdutun by Keo we “hog ti _ ov HGUL A Suspunston point 9 a a2 -(¢)0 eens ake 9 tas Tete =e aK I wifhxs “ogCO = [de at® Ping yf teTime peudd of sfmple pendulum fn vantous cenaifsens ;- ® Simple pendulum fs accelraten upwornd, Te an( a a + fe la ae » # Te ane k a) ky pane > 44+ qo ay (foment dpe? 7) 3p equilllevium ae oe @ [org Sn. equilitexum Te an{ & 2 nor mhae?, ie je gene 420 Te (m= 4 4 que cos8 Ay f Tz 2n|"_2 - T+ B ~ =f lem) Te _ 4. - By VAgeT SS = a Bheget be al 8)Time period 4 simple pendulum owing very lange Length - V aw ow 2cceR 1 to R iv Fors Lae Lao a (iy for BER 7 ») ae geoser® $0 Fee = ~mgsin@ig) oe sma Aisplocement Bama Ran sma Poweet sih(orp) > @1p) So Lyy= - mp (0 +B) ey as BEDE Qe ~ aCaeh* comparing with az - wrx = gba B= [AG) ZS Te “lia a — i laa 5 7 Te on] 8 1 R| = Ix/ 6370000 3g IB Te S065'66S = 14 Ry = 84-4 min. Te eT Al= 2n] Ssroore al 2x d-8 Te 3581-9615 = 0-99 = S9-7minTime_period_of spatng mass system t- 4 Gennal Steps to Ca) culak T-P. i) Kk =e a ie an © Find equilibrium posiKen oo me and write tu fore quae —_— ee UID Stibatly igprace trv ot{eck from equilicrom{ oni) positon and write ie quai en of rattg fovu. Rg Cx mas -Cx as “GR compare with a= - 0x Wo mg Kite k Axe ay) Fre = ~ [Kees mg] x di = = [xe gts 9] kx EE = equilitsriven ™ # 3F any constant gover acts om object perfovning Sti shun its Hime period doesn't chompe, Orly ntam positon changes Os -OX Cy a dy -Gy ae oF Asindg t +8)eee Sevtes amd panaily @ tebe combinanen of Sper © series comvinawens- STR, ex 7 ‘Some springs are combina in sres ane paral arangement as shou inthe figure an 3 mass mic suspend {rom them, The ratio oftheir frequencies willbe = wie wea wees oan es Va. a @ (i) Panaity Combinatens- ‘ck P of mat m plo cil tl mice. Ater ck Qf sats et 1 Kot chp cates ena ci tk a's i ping er hee ee A Sheed taaen Cowen Pan’ G the Cee ee pero Sto emgae A mi ee een eet eee ot Nida, NE mt m 4 aa Te ca Fe Kit ¢ ke mais |B (Lerten foe via 4 om © wo 4 fue mn x ‘ = fakxA = KA Fz Co © a - 2 apf Kar Geek ‘Te mas shun th foe ses simp Ramos mon th ange A. The aps of mare ree pores xia Kiky QA Kos il a Kika \A = Fs. KiAKe (8) ha a ha toa ie Oy ORem Oigtk5:28 Asal tall isuspended bya head oflength/= mat toon all mig cocallngea2>wirae T° 2° ‘ert a shown in ge 112). Thr thread wih all asda iphone tie Asse Te Aah theese ofthe tal pint he wale prety ea, find the oscillation period of such « pendalam. (Take a8) i has net swept 24g 3b042 uo 2x Qo 2 2 aes C) 2 A) 508 AB Go00 © tse © Nove of hese $48 Figue-5.156shonsasimple pendulum oflength whose beoBisslighy displaced ftom vertical. Anil Pispivoted inthe wall at depth 3/4 below the suspension point ofthe string If ‘thebobis released find the time ar wich bob wil cometoits initial postion again forthe fist tine. IMutrtion 14: Figure 8.22 shows ayer condting of amasles pulley asping of force constant kane aback cof mass mf the blocks sight dsplaced vertically down fom is equlloium positon and released fn the eto oft eral esclation in case). (bandh (OEE ADVANCED) (@) Kxe b roxy Pass - [Ko4Xe)- ™a) mg mas — [ures] (KH) (2 Keo= amg K(XerX) Kae + Kc aT! (Co Te) 7 Q ; mgcQkxe —K(te122 hh . , J K(%o4 22) wh mo Tis AK LoA2) : em f LL, Prnz [7g] maz - KX “a [f= mge Fe -(§ pe a wo > [peter ns rade ma te anf arr a as = 20 (@ 4 « ae meg, Te an{m [Swot attacad th ‘ane fh natural Wage fon toe wel small osclitaben! , = (8 + (a Bot e('s]one eimpiente Sin x te (for Smal Omni ° sing 9 fo = Hinge (e compan with az — 08 coe (BE =) |e aa i “ee it moment of fruska igi bocky @ eo ne Obour oun artis Paws tHahough, Gear act surpension polnt avd nox i 6% plonx of oscilla bon 4s mah M(B) Gez- Aistomer of CoM frm suspension mS 2 Int. = MR MR = Bae a 2 eg Res Alo te on] Bue? = S ai a geZod teu tine period of eriodie meson 2K(m 4+ 2b K KX (@ —— tb Lats Lv? ~ ee ve GK Is @ . 9 Te met Ve M8 AM mM spring constonr left part Kis KA )= W mate Kye (em) : Tine period 4) Wy part = preg omsone oh wig Pore nail tic k) = K ee (Beery 2 ” mm Te n( mm KC m4) Tin puriod of aighar parr fe ES = s Me pave, m4 Me Pa = frrreren_fi] Te anfe K Alternate rutnods- K fal omerternf elongahen kx ae frm ¢ ring fel” a) iS. Oe Ae eta m Pe (Gay) = KX + KX Ki MM) Mm, oy, rm K( mem) 4 w: [K(mem) = | K 7) 7} m0; oa. Cylinder of aansity 2 is Parlay suemoged fp tus Uquid of, dl ty Pe in equuliby um, 4 5 it fs Slightly pw downward and -_=— _— - ydeord thon show tar it vit peyorer SHM, _ — fivd ts TP. ® \ be oq Fa = -[ B-mg) nq e Pe ors Pog mas ~ [Artem ig - anh) 4 tef= Do Autyx Pox = ~ (Bactng raat. g- 4 fipPod = - wh g Qs “(ja me Pe —— ts (2, Te an | Pot lag Tersional_penoutum:- aa ae TA-O tr- co = Torsional tomstaut Jaz - 0 a= -(g)8 ; az -wO (@ { find Time period, te Tefal, mapa? mit te ale, (* ‘ Wo mgt te mtr igmitegut® 2 rai 2 ” C7 dee MLE MeL | BML. 3b. 4 = Subs BL 24 “ um Te 2+ (ae xy 2 a8 [ iT Ix 2pgnae 8; + dFind the equancy fsa oscillations ofa thin uniform vertical sod of mass m and length tinged at the point O(igure-5.24), Consider the chown diogram. ll pulleys are massless and frictionless, springs are ideal and al connecting stings are ideal Find the natural frequency of the system shown in figure ‘The combined stiffnes of exch of the spring is equal tok. The massof the spring is meglgible. mg oer « 4 a Beye KT, 9 ae? a ‘ ate wae Mle mle 3 Slee i 5 fe on! = 7 X= BX xtirnl] = 27 3 ” K (apex? = ays an! = 29a 2 i aan! 2 oh am! ( 2) a ~ [k(x aat)-™g] Mas ~ fawkie oka! mf] maz ~ 2kx 9x Tine -[ Ktoxte2 *mgr pasin for very smaut angle sind 78 2 - (Ke £150 az - (Keo t mg) mia fit + 9h) © se fg] z ae ~ fat emt 3]? g ae ime 4 (188) Pore asea 13m 9m w: PORE 5 Ty aie aeraseg af 2, OE Einaing Tims period using Enugy method. :- sep find men posiKor oma vovite is equaben. Step@ Sti atisptace amd wwste thot enrgy of tht sypteeo at Some posiken (nuit mean nov extreme). Se-O Siffoun Kote the equator vovk oma form He expression fh tam of a =~ wix Raye sshsonsepueytakowtenin cain We T= mg =k, ick displaces downshifts egitim pston and release, Find the ime period of osiation of he system. Assume theres uficient eton preset between pulley and Energy equatonss ee Damage spout LK(sirayt estio% = Toa Sangy Constant) py EE a mpegs pxctuah ea tea = com T 3 aiffowniating wat Hon lng UNG) pao ea Lena aN 2 alma] = pete KX ¢ > az -[K )x w =| K_ mr, med, ‘A solid uniform eyinder of mass performs small oscllatins @ @ inhorizontal plane ifstightly displaced fiom its mean position shown in figure-5.69,[ftis given that initially springs are in natural lengths and cylinder does nt slip on ground during oscillations due to Grction between ground and eslinder. Force constant ofeach spring ik Lk (2ROe + (tae amie) eo" = constant: a AD ~ Gop = aE je 20 [3m eK. agate’ + 2Mgw = constant 7, q g Te 28/3 aeExample 9 A particle of mass m is attached with three springs A,B and C of equal force constants k as shown in figure. The particle is pushed slightly against the spring C and released. Find the time period of oscillation. Foxfire AKX cses'] ey mas lee + kx) oe a= -w% 9 w= [38 ™ Te as] GA wet gud having length of Kaul column I's conta in shape take 98 shown. If qu 6 pace, hee ts te pio 0) rom @ 0 1a om aap} Fre = — A(x sinCgo-a) + x ding)< xf mas — Ax[cosd+ sing) Py a Arpas = fix[eosae sing) £9 ice ~ {esses} a . 2 = 2 wr (Cosat ar alte 20 s(ensas sop) 4. Assume that earth is a uniform sphere of radius R, 4. Slow drat die onKor will parforen sm mass M and a thin tunnel is dug along its diameter. i ‘A patticle is releaséd from rest in this tunnel at the 2**Ol qooa its Non frequency ‘surface Ofearth, Find the speed acquired by the pate when Ses & gu Nia Fe > ain ) of the earth. 1 {ou oR ° ae‘Supespositon of two ov more shat {pic (sant bth fit, intone onde ee Bee ee CD whan 00 SMS ode ating sams dlecen/ cu 24(Havng some funy 42 Arstowot) -O Aasin(wt +8) im parte (6 under te eer of othe 4m Frnt Rar cmsy #4 ny pasiovwt 1) Isreal + Msinvot x6 + Aztsiot sing F meas) Shust + CashaW est ea ‘sg Ye Rsinwokeosd + Qeosiot ng c EMCO) Rasp me nces uation et Rifng= mS OD lo ‘ ie tongs st + = [aafeatic an mak AE en ee J [ETateatanncese fo ¥ * conbhhaion 4, st camalso oe a aeprousted 04 pares diagvaos” *Roose ae 4osasrg case” belie + Sam es Jess (tes (288) 56) amcinatien of fw perpenaiaslon sums xz Ausin(wt) Ye aa shoots) siogot= x = Pesingat at Aco covsn a pee PAR sh + 8 JHE sib ete ERIE srasth = frrsios [rE | *@ reds fnseeyrg | a feabeete- tay fe usb = Aistde- a sito a i Bat ~ any Bouts ait site 7 S cnet) fs ae Ow. (L-nz0 ofr mxuivatent ugh f sine poral for ony pascal paul; ere ioe a apo aes candies vee gemeiads 9 sou oa eet a Byte Y pryscal pendula fs specu at a aistaner x sige craig, Rte oe are a CO wom aie ya an ee 2 R(ajer a (4) former amin at -0en dara ya? Ashu omc RESTON AS ANNE an eis pt oh te ope area een 2 ole eae st aoe SD ee ae ee : reser cae tong wt pet ow, 123 sv spite m3 eto iSite dong whine eo t y ee e s seme i Theat maa ae mee aoaet ‘Spinto i snr as a en fi Tne 1 deine ym mind ‘wot Sue ang Des rt ovr ae my cv ry Petree teers ernie Soe ye rt