OscILLATONS

Periceic Mertien Tho merhiom wwch e poats

itsl aer requlore Interva! ome

Oscillalry loton T CInal to nmation aboud

reqular iterva otme
elTxeol poi aHr

Oscilltion or Vibyaton
A
Tho mothon a boely om
a

oto A cn hon Atoback

retwun back to 'o'
O, tto oto B and on
nown as oscdllathon |vilbvatien otaten leyek
ima Peroc

PerieelcfanctionTa turnetien whuch eped

Itso a-tes a Teqular inteva
time 15cal
pemcelT tunctön
Smot -
Sm2
lt) =

ct-Cos cot-Cas (21)E

On eplacino
fCtT = sin (+T)

t
CtT) Cos T(+T)
T
Cos
 (2)
mple Hunonic Mohen
Smple har moh-
pevodre funhon 1s kho wn as

mGhion, WhcI pemodre motion

F (t)= 9t Cos nt
T
9 Cos |2 11
T
Ft) Cos ott)
S Cmplituole, d mihe p hes T ele

GraphCal epesendahon S H:M

epocseteol b
S.HM Cctn bo
Ft)=s m T

(1 When t-O

WLon t=-

(1T) lon t =

Won t 314
)

nl pen t - T

TI4
 Mtnel lni-ferm CIYula mahon
Rla ion b 3
orirden paehele moving m a
Chle 9colurs 9 h
n elo. O et pardicle
Iaf r al Cm mstanl o
e hcn PM m cliamofey
YYTon M 1s Callsel poeetion
m Yy'

et-pavcdice move s fs G X to V 1oeotcon mV

Parcic le moves trom VoX r q - M ioyes trom tobO

Parrrc le O to

Parccle y'toX to0

Hence pojcctiorm (M) portrcle 1s sard to
xeculo S HH alonoYY
Thus
hus SH-M 5 ho proecton o ni term CrCLua
mo-hon upon a oliameter a Crrc le aj eferc
Charcacdeishes 01 H:=
4 i sploce hn To cdisance ravellso aany
msta bye bocly from its mean pes]t
Tus e e preset

Hts lsplacend oq QporNcle aany nsten

(2) AmplituoleT mar. olispaceneut GHhe parrtice
from Its maan poslToo 3 callocd cmplituals
Shwt
mae. i Sm t = l ertot-90 .'. yma Canuplit
mac.
5) Velocir
Veloci o afe cc1 change
ae chonge C ho
olsplaccnioni abocdy is collvelorit A)

mlot
U 9 o Cosot
Cos tot moA =| or Costot -JE S2f
ot-
olt

Caso-
C i U=O Cmoan
= ) max
posihon)
velo.
T) 9 Cextream Pos ho
- O Cmin velo.

Heceeradion ate change c te velb Ci f

aparticle S Calle cccelerahon

elt -C Cosot) JtC-Sm ot)

=

C - w2Amlot

p. Caa
O, C=O Cmin.OCCe)
Cmax acc
 hnton 1

ao- CL = Cons+

A parcicle execule SHM a a y msten q

me, Ihon CCeelerathon 1S oirectly propeto

to olrs placemeved b u In Gpp. olrecthon

G) oscillane parctrele
Phasc phase
at any mstant 15 t ssHale
stae as
as
its poshos ano olreotioo mohon WTt moci
po siho
= n Cot+)
Sm (2 te)
Phaso 1s 2 L 6 ) q qnu instak mt

Phoso 15 ethen measuwwd inems c anqe ar

Ie
e - o
phese at t-0 1s calemitra pho orepoc
Phaso oeence dflerence b/w ho phoso c
two csc ladhno parctrces s krouias phaso dilP.
Equ. execuhno sHM Y=HSmlot
Costot
Sn e tte)
-smt-)
y Cos (ot1e)
Cos (lot-)
9-95 ImOt = l o Cos tot a = - ASInOT
l h Phaao y Shmut >\z osut
Phaso o blw ousp veo. Is 72
 (G)
aphim reprematon o clusp, elo aml accele.
- s nuot
C -9tD? sntot

1-9

27

i)Wan t o , -
9 9u Co 2xo = Jtw
a wsin 0

) lon t T74 ,9= t

O

) l h n 'b-V2
 ExpcSTOn e ma peniod eqyone
Cmagnduele o acce. )

2T
T 2T

C =21
T 2iDspla ceme
Accelerochon

Oscilodions o a mass ateched -to a spmng

hlhon extevnal ote Fext FE
applied on abooly o mass M

F-- k )
On
On tmoVal o exlenal ere
to estonng-torce bming H
back 4o its enuib bmum
ExCS5 ren ojume Peiod
F Ma =
M d2e -)

From G Pa)
-e Ma

M Constt)
( Since 1 s
tence moion o bocly o mass M astachool ospn
s 6. HM
 8)
T 2 olsP
2
M
|T 2 hM

Apn m zuues

p m. patallel m

T 25 k a
m

Vcica Osolladhans e a poe Force

fteatinq m water Man
Censtela e pole or cylinden
moIS M anol asoo a
C
Croscotion A, drpped
mwaler olersityP
he pole sdanol when h
equal to w e e , cusplaceal
w ts stants
removal a it, pole
Apply torce, on

oscillat9-
Proot dis placemont=
wA-er olsplaceel hlmo= fheP
Upthrust Fa-W -A
 F ma

M
(-APa_h
M
CC S. H: M)

2iT dsP
dsp

M
T 2 T1
AP

Ocillahoms o qwel oloumn in a U-tube-

lgucl i n U- tube at
eual Level m bothcoloumn
hH-e re, Coloumn =
A 1 2xpP
s w pronelis r t r m o re

F-2 xPg
Moeas Lq intubt =
Ax 2hP
Q- 2AP
A 2hP

-X

T Vcc2

T-2TJ
Simple Vendulum- Asimple pence.hum 5 q (40)
Poind moas 3uspondud baWerdle
POnt anol
nexdenaible s n Pr riordlto a uppert
ke bob bo deplaered
mough anle D.
an

etre mno posrhon, Yaruous

orces actino it
on

(1 rrcally olovnway
) Tenston CT) along ho Ma sin
tn Ma
Howartos point o sus pen 31 on
= Ma is rCsolveol into tvo compo nind

a) Ma9 wrhich s balanoed ba tersion (T)

n stnng.
Cb Mqsin D, 5 directco towartoks a moan
bob back
positim and tenolsto estore Hha
pesitiam
to ts tMeq pegitiom. h s o r e e s calleel
restomhgerte
F =- M 5m
B u F= Mq

=-g& (SInce r s very Shall

50 Sun e)

a- -)x
C
Tus shows motion s 3.H M
 T2 ousp

T 2T

ators attectime peipel

(1 Eecd maSS
inohcpendon mass

(2EPccto ergt
TAT
time aeruoa s o
t h nerease eength
increasos

ot he bob derj
eod ojcenst
o in a r o1 denst
PisImmerso

Here >
hine pened o pcndluhtm mcrea se Ss
e pehaluum in Lrqurol aserllade slowly
a Ee emp Won temp. e
Increase , its
w h which bab s suspohdeol
ano honce Tme Porioc! aso
enqh mereasos

noreaOS.
 6)
Perodala ro in
a nlhon d acceunale upwd

TP clecca205
acceeraBes clewnworcd
(b
(b) WLen f t
T=2

TP mncreas03

e nlrltmevnno with const

ve
lo.
N o c honoje
T92
el lhen t tall treely
-9-9-o
T 2r
Pendulum wrot cseilak.

Aconed's Penolulum Whoso time pemoet

15 2 Zec
mtmik leryl
*TP. o Simple Penolulum e

1S 84 6 unutcs-

6 ecg= inCT¬srs,Tp.
okcre
e
T Ta
A pendulum clwck un dow a M t s t
and r u s tester al Kanya kumai, anol olees
earth (g=o)
nol oseillate a Hho center e
hesy 1 3HI (13
Apatic le execdine S -M possS 70s boto
pe o enesgy i-e. k-e P P.E
T E =k.E +PE

osiHon PE is

Podentha Energy AL mean Pe

PE s mC
posrhon
Zeno qno at erhcme
Ko- pardiele bo olepaoro P
Hrouqh a olstarmee X from
mecn positioo o o P.
n - r c e is qlven a
F= Ma =-MGW C1)
be olsplaced r o h c smmla
KetHe padicle
Le tork dona i s
olustance d om P to .
qveh as
l = F.o* =
F de Cos 180
=-Fele
From ) 2)

To-tedwtork don
Jdw M dr
W =M -x MLo
2

s ore alono S Stered as PE

P.EW = m x
he K
inhe Eery= Amen pesition
+e parctrce s max. . 4 - s gven as
 (A
KE mu2

PE
lo-T Enugy= kE

E Mtoye
277 2 MY?j2
E =

gnP:E
-

Qratom o kE E
P E Mw
KE Mw-(92-x)

TE M
A mecan positio
- DsP
K-E= mw's
P E O
Cxtreme posiho
A 4Mw-12
P
kE=0

P E
ConsH Ck)--
Torce Constt Ck)-
sTerce
nerms
nery
P:E Mw2x2

Lo= =

= 2kx
P: E
KE kC92
T E - x2+kA-kx2

E
 amprol 3H M- 19

Whenloelentn
Csci llaino system emain
unchanged duting motlo o
Such oscillations cce
Calleel unolampeol oscill,
(a)
Eud prachcall its no
Pessi ble.
The osci llations mtheso
o
amplituole decreasos
raduaUy t m e
U calleol olamp.oo oseillastions C b)

DTPerenta equ. e cdampcol SHM

onsrelu a spmhq qhgubl masss whoze ona
Cna neqdl txed to Support, a
mass m boly
attachooto +ho thon hol C h o e
Spmn-A yano ts atacheolo -lho lower ere
oho bey anol he vane Immseol ln
rqure conteinaol, m a beakenu Mess m
Pculles olown begms totspillale.
Varceus terces Ccttho on sYsfy
0 Rstoringterce =- k
- dsp moss m rom
moun posti m oct
) Fietmona force ta or
dampmg
Serce
- b L = -bo
E
b dampng corrs#, dependls en naurs oq rz
 1)
k b(
F ma m d2X
olt2

equ becomos
m d =-kN bplx
elt? olt

m bd -o

i s Pererrhad e o conpeod H
solebion 1s qivch ot
e Cos (tO,tt)
Xera
Xerab , Anpituale 0llatno bool
2m m A ma

Hwa cmpituolo deeasas exponantialy i-

T- 2 2T
Am2

hSy 1olampeo Oscllahon

E k 3
E k e-at
E k xe-
eampeo oscllator decreosas expoen
EXpoLa n
Euny o
hally. Te olecre20 t s s - eanpmg Cons+0
N
VCous miclun is lareqa.
 Trce Osilohen
llation A 3ue m i o l to
execue ree oscillatons
On beng olis placeo trom moan posHom
On
bcin
eulbmum, ,
it sc lale itsolwithout
oufsrele foterteence
ts e
tme p.orcfoe15 allaahatwca
Calle nadwra equonce
Vo
M
ForceolOscllaton- hllen a system 1s Comptlc
o dllate nith a treg, othar han its nakur.
ssillate
ee b y exlerna lerte, iis arol te
pemoele
ere cuttorceel Oscllatons.
Kesona nOsallatons A system 1s 3cud *o
to xecuke qesonad escilltions when it
Cscrllates i a teq appliol penooLc terce
Kassnance-hs phenomeron e Poocducig
oscillodery motion In a system btextPeyoaue
fere havin saMo re, as had o natwral
frec Hosysey s Caleo csonae.
Feo.
Feoy x t peroouc deke =Naturo treg
n i s pooss. a ampltuslelaoconus
C 44 causos olisaoters (Eathguak)
)Solnes marcling troop arco Odereadto
ereak 4oir steps nhie crossing overa bmij¬
Luu) Opoto