THERM0DyNAMICS

*Cl09ed Sy9team
Open Syatem

. Homoqenoug Hemogenous Syotem

ThemmodynamC Pmopemtieo.
1. TmtminsiC
Ermin9ic
Tntenaive
4). Ectenoi ve.

Steute Petb, mocess Cycle

dePime ao+he Patb OP thesnDO-_

A PmoceS i System PagseBe thmougb
dynamic9 state c hie the
to the Pinal Stake, A Syotem
Pmom intiul Staute
OP unktod
udemgoe:s. 'cteh a Cycle, begimning
Stte culSO en at unitul stute

undemgoeg by a Alund un
The Pmoceos ohicb
Clo9ed9ySte S . Calted JonP (oco

. floud Pmocess

T+ u one up cohich Pluid entema tn Sy9temg

eeaueS aP tem H intemacEi0n,.
The g t e m s nauung O pen boundamieS pemmttina
the s9 in teacko uh SHtem bocundtm thmo yh
Control volume Stend

q Quagi-9tatic Prmoces S *
I+ 19 a thepmody namIC Pmoo608 that
happeps 10u eno Po the ygtem to mermaun
i intemnut themmodanamic ibmium
euibnium
3). RevenS tble, Pmoceg9
culkhout
Tbe Pmoce0S thetCr be revEFDGEd

ecuun
|ecLLngCuny Impeact o n aOumroun dinA 1ea
both SOtem CundSumOUHdin eteamped uo thei
hein

inbial otautes at he end OR the revemei ble PmoGes9.

4 Inevemgible Pmoceg,
I+ i aphoOAIS up whioh he yotem Cund
Hhe enUImoMent nnot metump +0gethem t+o enocE
the State Hhat hey 0eME D

Eimst Uaco DP
hemro ody nam ics
LSaL9oknotfn t a . oP Coneemy cilon

Emems
destmoyed
Con
t
meitheSD be ceaked hombe
cop be ony Chaunge i t fory "

Soummounau ng
Potato 30°c
C100)
 The total esn i9 the um oP intial enemg
Poten ict nemgy, inetic enemg
AE AU +
PRE + ARE
To tal maos. W AUCKT.

Unik mo8 DU

Joule 's erpemiment

Cheneuer clo9edystem undemqoea
aCycle the won k input to the Syste 9 Pno pom Fional
bet wOmk done

6W ) SW

SW= J (D S

Fom Cyclic PmocesS the ne heat tmoang Pem 19

equal to net wom kdone,

Pempetuc motiom macht ne OP im8t Kind PMm-I)

Finet lw ihomrodynamic applies to norn-Pjo

nocesS.
1) Con9tat Volume
. Cpnstont PmessuOe)
Constant Tempemotuoe
4. Congtnt entoe
conatount entha py
) . Consteupt Volume moceAS
P

Pa

Pa
P Po

Congtnt volume cooline Proce99

O n P:V digum

T-S a
. Prmopemty nelationship
PaVa PaV
T
V =V
cDheme,
Pa

Wonk done WD P.dy

b)
but Volume ug constant . dv =0

Wo
c Chanqe ún Tntenecl EnemY

AU C CTa T) kT
C Fom unit maßs ,
AU 'm.C CTTL) TKq
- (fon tota mass)

3. Heat tmoune femed

=
m.Cdt
 m C CTa T) KT
a C CT-T) kTk
e) Chanqe up enthculpy unit mas9.

Ab CPCTa-T) KJ

AH Co CT-T1) TK
P Change un entnopy

AS : .Cv d t

DS mCv un (Te k KT|k3

. Cemtaun Cras Occup1es a yolume .of 0.3 m at

Pmedsume, oP bam the t terpp oP gas cat
this Stuye 1s 3B0 , the gag undengoea themmo-
dynamit conStunt procoss. reaches to ba, Deteomine.
the termo. cut Hhe end oP Pmoces9 Change in intrneu
Change ip enthal py, chtunge in entoP). Dumipa the
Prmoces3.

Tok Cy 1 1 kT| K9 .k A 0,287 kT]kg.K

Given Copstnt Volume Prmoce9

=V 0:ms
P 2bam 200 KPa
Ta B0K

Po 1bam 100 KPa

 eind 4). Ta 2
AU
a.
4. AH
o.287

PL
Ta
Po
To Pmopemt melafioship
T Po

P1
1 35o

Th 115 K 982°c

) Cheunqe in intempal enemgj

AU m.Cv CTa-T)
PiVa mRT
Cunivemgal gae eq?.)

RT
200 x O.3

O.231 x350.
o.B9S

AU C To-T).
O B91 o.142 C -3s0.
AU 979 11
FTk9 k |

Change in enihalPY
-
In T
 Ah mCP CTa -T1)

R Cp -Cv
CP= ACv
0,287 + 0.112
. g9g

Ah 0 5919 X o.99 (1215- 350)

511.4-1 kTIkg k

4) Chanqe
entnopy
AS mCv

0 . 5919 X 0,112 n127

350
AS o.539 KJ|K9.KK