8 Ma ch 2022

nujole o Communucahoni

Madule 2: Jompluhg thearam quantization, Pm, Selta modulatibn

Bdaphuedelta madulatien, OPcm banduuidh a Pm
and delta modulaton ASKBP5k GPSK, DLSK, BESK

Sampun9 Theoram;A Continunuo Hme sighal can be onplekls

HepHenented in IS_samplea and 1eLnueHe batk
Ithe Samplinqrequenu s IS qreakr - than
equal to the iuice d high *requenu
Component o the meDsage_Sigmal Fm)

:ou aftd oPa

 gmarhh
COu 8tate aud pHoo Samp.lung- theoram
SnTS

111111
31S 21s s Ts 2Ts T s raingpulae
pulse
ancleq 2ignal

= Cuuolog 3ignalX_bulse
Sompung

a(t)= ( O X_ SnTs

onTs is_peuiclic signalopeulod Ts_3euond.

and expMess_a o e SeALeo o tuiqnomeliic
PLypan Ston

SnIs = E 1 + 2 os wst t 2 c03.2 wst 2cas 3 uost

Ts L
Ws= 27/T
put cq i h eg

gt) E aD0swst fztcas Qwst

Ts
 rding fouwie drasom
q)= (w)_ aw -ws) + 2(wtws)+
Ts (w-2 03) z (W4 2w

2 E OS osE

(00-o3)+ tws)
o7 2HOS 2ws
w 2os) +z wt203)

Gw)= 2(w-Yws)_
Hente_pHO0e c
s72im
- 2 Fm
Tso /2m

ypeo o Samalinq

Tdeal Samaun
O pulye widh

9n idec sampung the

Swi teh Temaunne0
hor uy 0 Sewnc

prdtically not pogsible

Natuio Sampling

pulse widh ECseLond

mecing Swil
s 2Ps 3s is om
T seuond. or

3)Hat top samplin

s

Ctheue is loss o
oSS SiTnG
extraSTHne signal

dhis pss/extra slgnuleLOr s lexmed an ap.eutmueel

ou e d
 Gmonth

To Hemoue Hhe ew10or we haue to aphy druut ie

equalizeyauu.

amput ey
FtHmesh oime Low Pass ler LPF)
(tohoosElost siqna) To Memove the exrq signo

ampukey
LPP
LPF H Oor
Ottesuuojor
i r cut o flat -top
Swilehing
1/
o/1 yce)
disdh arting

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21 Madh Module 2

PeM : Palse Code maduloken

an Smite
Polh * Analog
Retiuex
1gn ,Dsthaghtgn
Pon
anoden
Tronsmittey gno) porulej
ha Pon Tran SmiteyoL dgor

Same trmo peiod 1e uned dying nping punols

eod) 41)

Pm Reganch ghue a4 Reg Pn

Repea Pep B1n
U3e Cn apply eoep binki wy
unlens hL he yce odishibante ao hmea
lends to 20He
Plok djagron ROgpneurdyse Repeatm
toomiky ioHnawt
Po Amplihude
eguuline Aousien
muking Pu
ulpu
ign

Timing

"ou she 7 7 P g
PCM Recives

m Pem
arSmiHed s Deuod ey Rornstrurron olp signdl.
oncl

Aisaduantage e pm-noise enar

duantage piigh nois e tmmuuh

2) Pcm_Sanculshrmd in bina rm due ho dgi

aue

) By JningMegen PHauhue hapecuhi pah wolse adTG

0On be epluued

sad uamteYJO

Ciruuk systm Pm is Cmple

Bandwidth and 2ignte u thHeadl.aue ugy tatge

cm sustm uA Sed 1In elephoning

9n space commuLu CAH u
9n medico inmrumen

AsLi 4una
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 22 MaT O
Deltg MoculakHou a n d at o

Hansmil
eg(n)
etA)
m(n) 0he bih eAncley
qACmliiN
Sqmped Mod
SI0ndh signd
Pyeurow SYna>E 2
mq(n)
2 dettt
Ckt.

mh

in deltaane hukpeM ulaeJHansmit hota h

in Pm al hyle aHe uanskined A Cne_ulse.

Recei ueH G 9elta modulaHen

AcuumulatosiL.

Sipnd SendeytP| p

2 SA= Shp sie

ela
ude,

T u s will ComjpaHepnenehF signa

Und delouyecSigno ome will
oass the gh eichout-

ctetoctesuqita to cnt
":ou 98ed
131ea Si2e
wh en we wi geF delay
ctep slne will in Hece Ve

when we ge elelay gta

we coill ae- u h t E 7H e-
 C
CS

A
D
R
fottn

G
H

V 9

MN HJSIBA
oluwoo

TS NA/C0LLAGE

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oHowzUL
 anc
Accumulalor _cloep thL wod eappwximat0
Hhe Shp sile i _ Sinodofdal wavehorm Hasnd 0miley
t geks posi
the i ul b.

ASaduantage O Slope ovenload disto H 1-

)gmnula evior 0CLUT dimlaneouoly
Ch arecto SH
uayehrm
Aducutage 0 iruuE _caay
BandwidH aud Slqnal aHe leok Hand tTmrtor
LepS nolse C7nr
Pulse leneHO
Appticatren _telephoninq Pocluct moc
Communicatieu
medlal usruments
he Outpu
DELTA STCmA M0DuL/ATLOn9 (DSM) CL be g

To oteN o me the pr Oblem o lihh eneuttator clueto uhwi Seo nd in

Cwe elon' geF comp lek Signel_awe n e DSL whN
n whd hat a
we uil inkegrator (boe sh he 3igna ]

TlseqenelaOT
9ntegrator
Hand Puocut lLAP DS
Signal ModulahoY TP

":ou 38ed :0]ed

DSm Tx modulathen
atd Umikey_ chanatunsli

i t gels posihve oulputhom omlaaralor O

the i ul boosh tu siqnal

1t will mit heshp Sile Ha

hou mllh dl have to b
lhcheane or decn ean
1
Ch urat SH
avehorm_

HardimTtoT

Puuse qeneHator ulsetume or _pulhe

mcut modulatar wl|_muUHply time X step size_

he ouput o proodut madlulaor do_jaulhe alh Lunc Seene

siLl be_gen o Lpf_thun penorm_Jh wo2

Seond inkrarakor wl_pentom_he Jasl ih_waveform

hat aue mat suihble_hr koithe pHoces

sm_ Rx Madulatiem block dbagram

1Puye an
H a numtu
d 0club DSM
Rx outpuE
gnd moclulaho

ou
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 AdapHive elta Mecluate_(ADM
(ADM)
TOsoluve the issue ef elta modulah ew

e Sep- Size,

Analo
Smple 4biF x DM
Injaut quanhzer
Signal ignd
|Tmpule
Tran

Inkgra

Granula hoiset-Ata-4ta)pateun
Slope Oueuload+0 t0+a1a) OR A-0=0apatn
his beth ocuwns due to quanreation, of nojse.
To aveic grauulut uose 7deue asc. step sRe
slope oveHload ihuHease Shep sie

At sam|, ünq ume n,

he Shep size ain) is given b

A(o)= (n-) etn)+A6) e(n-+)
 um pung ocess thut is us ed to wnveHt conhin wous Hme

Signad to disowee Hime signa

xtm)
ISamplerH
Ts
Tupe esamplurgi 0 Tdeal samplind
ahuHSamplin
(3 Aat hp Sampling

Sampling lhepHam j

Shatemant A (oninuDua fime sinal tan ke HepHerenlecd inits

Simples_and_can be ueLoueHec haslk_when ampung
trequenuy 6 16 areite than_oH eaual fo iice
highest frequ enu eComponen Femessaq Sianal

Mathematcally s2frm

:ou aaea
 lainay requengy shift kuying BrSK

ampu hude js uonstan

requen chaoso

TU
Simple
Vco PsK T diagram fsk
VCO=Volfage onho oSullatpou

BeSK Tx Black diaqam Came CE

slgnal TbO LFH
Mevel 3huHey
BFS
int Siqnal
Vpseqyexe Lyinvely|y
PLu) cos 2FLCO
CaTei
Siqna

5PSK Siqndl fransm ik hlgh freguenu andl inueykd form o

high_ heguenu or Cow reguen ane Inventcl orm d
Loco reguen u 90 we get BPSsiemal is only 1
Sqnad a a ime.

Ou 3ded
 0sk Rx lnal Alock Otagvam

u=symbalu > T
0mparrub
yna
nullplhe ).
h 3qmbol O. l2u|
Coy 7afc t t ) n g r u w r

Yrulput o fx bleuk diaqmm)

uddoan cislance rsK

PsTb=fh

PSTb P Th d'=BT +

2Eb
Advanlagp cisbdoautdj
1) 1sandwdh 1
 P o c 7
b u s - l o d u l e
2 ( P o C )
2
-lodule
2 y / a h u s
Samplng
1eoram
quanti 2ahon
PM
S e t a M o c d u l a h o n
Adaptive Della M o d l a h e n u
m O d u l a h i o n
DPcM dlka
PM and
Bondw idhC BFSK
10)PSIK
4SK 0DPSK
BPsk
 8Apri
exaimple- &1gn=uoCwe complek0_ One yde in
L9haf ioL requCnu seLan.d
CMs =0.25 H2
examjole Slh-uve ohtet al6 aa wde wHh ut
resped- to me 0 Sec. heu I$ phane 2
So- he phane SI me omalek ale s 260
Ouuc or slet 6 GX260
60
Compasi e s1qnals
The mecLuenu petlum_s the IgMal is the combinauHen_
Q the ain siqmals that make a cyp the evMe omposik Slgnal.
ouaed 7