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Puge Ro

MTWTFSE
Assignment-L
Sub-ne tiag Malking dekail.
Explain
address is 32.bits (ang. Che portion ol
An P Cnel-id),t
addrem ndicate anehwork host_fd
Hhe
p.aelton indicotes egma
9
cannot be Ogani2ed InOSinSle
Ihe hadts are at he eqjual leel. The Ov
AL he hosts mony h&tu.
na Soluhon o hs pohlem SUb=ne fing He
One nehl6rk wth
One e smaller netwoF
uxhex oliviglon nefwork into
Called Sub netwOrks
UL28. l6. 20 UL2 &62O
Net id Host id Netid ubnet d aasid
Cuwfthouk subnet (with 8/bneE
Here nchooak uL28 is phyaically elividad into 2
3uh nehaork so it defne iL.2 is nekidd
t6 ig Qubnet id 20 îs heat id.
Masang a tha protess that extrots addreu ofhe
hetuoaak tam TP addred.
0an
Mauking can be done whether we hae SuknétunG
Oa not.
E we have na Subneffed neftwork then maAa
Led to 1olenthty tha nehoaalc addhed
Twe havg subnetted netwotkhea moAking
US0d todeine hetuork addreu om on Paddhes

Theve ore 2ways to ind neftooak edred hom dn

T odada @s5
Boundaay-levol Maskung
 Qulck Work

MT WTFOS
Thee axe 2 aules
he byter t the P oddreM lhc corteapones
to 2 SA c0 malk addres ufI ecnaîn a it ís
7he btes in JP address 4et eoxrespond to
0 n mask, fE ofchange to O
ex JP: 15. 32. S6.+
Nask: 255.255, O.O
AJotuoeak (5. 32. 0,o

xplain mulficaxting 0 detoil

MuIHcasting is atechnfaue egoup tomunicatibn
fn okic h Lender SimuHonaously distikutes data
nUmber ok neiwok node) or recipient.
One-to -many emany-to-many COmmvnfcahon
ne both tp o muliashng
Wle mulicashing iunctions gimflaly to
Boedeasng, itLend inhronation to targeteed
Ox paieular
to
nehwork portiojpon s.
milar When nuMber dRployees
receive businO omaio oddreued to 3eme emai
t fs a communfcabion mekhoo that allou a
Single 90uree tDKnd dala tomuliple oletinaions
SlnylaneguAl
Spocivex

T69Tp3e6 Torget ,toTNer

ocee
 Dalee

MTWTO
xplaie wor kig a IMP fo.dehfl
S
Jnternek
for Gg up Monagomenf
TGaMP standa loyex prot0 od
is anetuoak
Potoce akichgeueraldoviceA Share a
D Share
10
that endbles
ooldyeAso HheyCanQU ates
Stngle2 to Sefvp muLlnasing
Same dlata & iSLuLecl
Onno fidrk Uing V
GMP s 1fke a club memaeruP or netugyk
deviceA. Wheo a
device Lw.en Jon a
muiieOA gr0up Creceive apeciie.cda
ta) t
Aendl an nt to foin
mALege
Radsrters, tfke etub managers, keaps St
he ated membars torward itfh Shad
vOnt
ata Omly to thase udhogOuP,
JE Oeevice leavesthe d@nda q
eavtnS meuege. Routers check eauldrH
see who gtfll faterested.
mvlticast "eub" eticiert E
Ihis keeps tha goe
ensUre olata Uhere its Wanted.
ApplicationA
treamung
(naminng
Tools or welb Con Hex enting

ypes ETGMP meuc3eA

Memberg hip Statihes
Leave q70up nahicatioA
Ouesios oleduk ganeral membartlips
Mem bership înguins al ore Specihe to grya
 Qulck Norlk
Pogo lio:
Date
Mulkaouter MT WT FSS

O
Router 1 poo NulRast
Nideo Cient
Poter utthTnMP
ShoopI
VdenSeaugr

PIM GMp GN

UDP/RT?
MulKas
(atie
LAN
HZExplain PIM in_defail

PTM tonds hr Potoel Jndepondank Multicastdhih

mulicau &ouíng proocel wed to dištibve
tya Hic_ovec a netuwok Prom a giagle sovre
t nueroUs detinat oug
PIM ig a goupog 3 profm uols, hcludsug L
B-directiDnal, PTN herse Mode'PTM Sparse Nade
PN said to be pindgesndepandink
dlRcoveTy
sinte tt
ouon &indhad
4ean't havee topologypancess ots
makes we ef rauting data them oher iUting paotoLou,
Shared frees Cre empleyed.
i7 PIM 3parse Mode:
JA (s a mylhast a0ufng protocol that9kuit on
the premise hak SUhsebers t omy iven netuwork
aroup oil ba spo rcolicaly epersed ver
nehuoak.
n aher wo0rdu, e pastbla that maforty
natwarlc 8.Ubndts wil efec Oy perhiculor
multceat packet
 TWI
y eletault,whii
dele ch
Sharcd rees a
2d at
cistaibution PEM thaorrooted
raR-SNeopleya trees
oute Ú kna
uelticast
Paaticular_nede Ca u
and Are uhltzed hy
a
Da RP),
ondezvouS Point, tAe mululticast
saxceJendltg to
PIN Dehae oe (PT
Dense Nede
ii PIMcortraut PTN-SM,
dn amulticastto ouingng_protocollRMNOOJ reatotd
is hatreceiver TY an mul
wh the pcoibe wtdely acros nohwoa
nop ore dispergely
mesE sUbnck ih the heho
hoark
is expected that
tAlill request any particular ulhcaJt a dcet
Mulcast_ data R_istbmecdeat to cllhøst
n Ehe neto0
iiizBi-oireeional pIM:
3pooto ca),Bi-dikecHona) PIM(STNTR-PTN ,s ba
dn PTY SM.The BnR-PIM 2 PTH-SM ar dHereat
terma n hao daka it Sent dm o SouIe tw R
or s
Jn PINSM data tranakerred uing either enapaulaka
c s0urce-basd-tree,3TNTR-ATM sA a dhared
tsee thak ix bi-direclimnal.

R1 HT4
Sender
Source Tkeo
Shared Tree

Peceiyer
 Quick Work
Pogo o
MTWTFS
xplainm MRP in
detl
.Pcto.cel toxistance Vector Nulticasta Rauing
he so0Te oldriH o patkel T Cued as baiA TDE
ouingchoice in AUMRD.
.his method creae nehacak outing ree
DepenadaL On PaLkeks 2aurce addrey, a rouier PaAeA
each paikek itTeceives to one ox more &pou
Douonstheam outers tatauch rmoinias partiona
odhe uhng tee
dnthig mannes, d Mutas ree 1b0t
soure to dl estin ation.

0jeckieA ehe protoudd that _muat be met:

.tmat stop (oops fmm tomis in netuooak.
2 mugt stop_duplicate potkets trom forraing
3.dugt to 3support dynamic memherskip-

Sender
-hexnet

R
O Elbeznt hernot