Part A – Management Summary

Multiple types of software development benefit organizations in different ways. Agile is one of
the ways of software development in which solutions and requirements are developed. It is the
concept of iterative development that is a central idea of software development methodologies.
Therefore, solutions and requirements are evolved. In addition, the organizational cross-
functional teams collaborate to make this evolution possible. The multiple benefits of agile
development include more excellent aptitude to respond to change, greater predictability and
quality, and delivering values faster. It promotes disciplined management of projects through
adaptation and inspection. However, it requires best practices of engineering.

On the other hand, Scrum is an Agile methodology or a subset. Agile development is quickly
processed through this framework. It is mainly a process framework that is used to maintain
consistency. It requires an XP framework and sprints. However, it is a different process
compared to Agile due to its categories of Time Boxes, Artifacts, and Roles. It helps in
managing complex software processes and development. Some of its benefits include controlling
the project schedule, better estimating time, coping better with change, and increasing
deliverables and quality.

In the case of Pathway Trust, the Grow-Well project is very straightforward. His project aims to
provide support to homeless and needy people. They call these people clients and try their best to
attract them by telling them about their project and organization. However, the client does not
stay at this organization for more than one-two month. The reason for this phenomenon is their
management. According to Nelson, the organization and the team is amateurish. He also regrets
taking this job.

Similarly, Matthew Coder realizes the early destruction of the organization and asks to leave the
information system to the experts. The workers are not appropriately assigned to their work.
Moreover, he mentions that dealing with personnel, finance, and payrolls are more critical than
involving project workers regularly working with homeless people. Furthermore, to manage the
information, training of workers on the new system, better investment, and proper way of
running an organization could acquire by implementing Scrum and Agile in the project.

There should be consistency and a high level of commitment between all the staff members in
the organization to make the project successful. Applying agile in the project requires a strong
commitment from all the team members. However, there will be no real growth if the staff is not
committed. Moreover, there will be uncertainty.

Advantages:
Information in Real-Time:

The Agile and Scrum process development will help this project respond faster to the challenges,
as everyone in the staff can see the rising challenges in Pathway trust. The information system of
this organization is prolonged and off-the-shelf. The processes of finance and charity are based
on outdated systems. However, with the help of Scrum and Agile, the project will be able to
minimize disappointments. It will help process data faster, minimize disruption, redesign
practice, and many more. Right Project Owners:

The projects are handed over to people who do not know whom to manage. The project
managers and team have low or no information and understanding of the head office of how
local projects operate. The projects are not based on IT systems. Therefore, the new system will
help the project hire the right project owner who understands the IT system, manages projects in
daily, and has head office processes. In this way, the manager will benefit the project and the
team members whom a deserving manager leads.

Professionalism:
The lack of professionalism in the team and manager in the Pathway Trust had contributed
significantly to bringing out more challenges. The staff is unaware of the center development of
systems, such as excel-based, access, or paper-based projects. They have lack professionalism
and ethical awareness in managing the project and information in a charity-based organization.
Therefore, the organization needs Scrum and Agile to build professionalism and hire executive
leadership in their processes.

Disadvantages:
Large team:

Using Scrum and Agile could result in large teams that could be challenging for the organization.
The more significant number of stakeholders and touchpoints will lead to hurdles in the way of
the success of this charity organization. There will be increased chances of human errors in
paperwork, documents, information systems, communication systems, data control, and IT
systems. It will directly impact the client's satisfaction and ultimately lose them.

Project Failure:

Since the team is not worthy in this organization, the chances of project failure increase even
with the adaptation of Scrum and Agle. The non-serious and unprofessional behavior of the team
and manager will lead to project failure.

Part B – High-Level Requirements Analysis and Moscow Prioritization:

B1 - High-Level Requirements:
There are many high-level requirements in the organization's systems. These requirements are
predominantly from the software systems. There is a lack of resources in the organization to
create an equal set of requirements to implement in the team development. Some of the main
requirements are finance, payroll system, a lower amount of funds, lack of professionalism,
outdated systems, and many more are all considered as prioritizing requirements.

Pathway Trust is frequently losing its clients, who do not even stay till three months, and the
reason is the rising challenges of an organization that is unwanted and not satisfactory to the
clients. Therefore, the requirements are not fulfilled, causing confusion and inconsistency in
doing things right.

 The Pathway Trust lacks clear guidelines in how details about the use of funds, project
helpers, clients, and projects are stored in the center.
 There is no proper way of managing the information. Ther is the requirement of a proper
system that aligns and store data electronically in all centers. There is a need for a
standard way of collecting information.
 The head office should be able to extract the KPI information of each project. In this way,
they can report easily.
 Reports should be produced for managers and trustees to make strategic decisions.
 Effective use of resources should be encouraged in the projects.
 IT system is an essential part of any organization. Therefore, organizations require an IT
system in their projects.
 The organization needs to develop professionalism among all the staff members for better
project completion.
 Finance management is also a significant factor of organizations. Pathway Trust needs to
amend its financial system to manage the funds.

Efficient IT System:

The information system of Pathway Trust is fragile. It is an essential requirement of any

organization, whether profit or non-profit, in this era of globalization. The organization can face
increasing problems of assisting development officers, lack of proliferation and system
integration, dealing with volunteers and board of directors, training of unprofessional candidates,
cost justification for MIS, and budgets for personnel.

Enhancing Credibility:

Pathway Trust requires managing finances. It is concerned with matters of tactics and skills. The
organization will enhance its image and make it credible with excellent finance management.
Therefore, the trust will need to develop policies and financial plans to earn a good reputation. In
this way, the clients will trust the organization and build reliability, faith, and trust.
Secure Data:

The organization has staff who lack understanding of the importance of securing information and
data electronically. The organization needs to understand the importance of data and the cloud.
Even though the organization has efficient volunteers, there is no use because they cannot store
data ideally. The data stored in the cloud is safe and secure and can be accessed on different
devices and locations (Tomlinson, J. 2021). Training would be an efficient way to develop
understanding or store data electronically.

B2 - Inappropriate Requirements:
There are many organizational requirements, but some are not high-level requirements. Here, we
consider only high-level requirements to enhance the organization's systems. The low-level
requirements are inappropriate requirements that should not be prioritized right now. The
inappropriate requirements are specific processing, functionality, data manipulation, and
calculations that are also supposed to be accomplished but not as soon as the high-level
requirements. Some of these requirements are given below:

1. Performance: currently, we can realize the importance of performance in the

organization. There are higher priority requirements of system development that could
not be neglected. Performance is not an essential requirement for system development.
Performance cannot be improved before the employees are not given training. The rise of
unprofessionalism is due to performance, but we require training to provide guidelines.
2. Reports formation: Report formation is also a low-level requirement of the
organization. Managers do not need to be provided with reports regularly until there is
the requirement of proper project development.
3. Slow People: Pathway Trust's problem is that having people who will not move with
time is not a priority until the organization tries its best to train them. Staff should be
provided guidelines and proper training on software development and the importance of
Scrum and Agile.
4. Arguments: the CEO has mentioned that some staff members are involved in arguments.
However, solving arguments is still not the top priority of the organization.

B3 - MoSCoW Rules:
The prioritizing technique, the Moscow method, is a unique software development technique,
project management, business analysis, and management (Bourgeois, D. 2019). With the help of
this technique, the organizations can develop a shared understanding with stakeholders in
prioritizing requirements. It is an acronym of four categories:

1. M – Must have
2. S – Should Have
3. C – Could have
4. W – Won't have

In business, all requirements are essential. However, a business prospers and acquires maximum
benefits by prioritizing its requirements. Similarly, the business analysts of Pathway Trust need
to prioritize requirements and fulfill the needs.

According to the MoSCoW method, the following is the prioritizing of requirements:

M – Must have: for the Must have category, the organization needs to focus on its system
requirement. The outdated and useless system must be upgraded to enhance the functionalities of
the organization. Following the system requirements, the organization needs to upgrade its IT
system, which is very important. Without innovation and upgrading old methods, an organization
cannot be successful in its aim (Lane, R. 1996). This category also includes financial planning to
use funds in a better way.

S – Should have: for Should have category, the organization needs to focus on training programs
of employees and staff. After excellent training of employees, they should be provided with
guidelines and professionalism. They should be supported to reach their goals.
C – Could have: for Could have category, the organization needs to develop a perfect culture in
the Could have a category. It could be possible to improve their rising arguments between
employees, implement diversity, and manage regular crises. It also includes day-to-day tasks.

W – Won't have: in Won't have category, the problem of making reports for managers is
included. It is not a big problem or a requirement that the organization needs on an urgent basis.

List of Prioritization:'

Following is a list of requirements aligned from top to bottom as highest-priority to lowest-

priority:

1. Develop a new information system.

2. Develop IT system
3. Develop financial policies and plans
4. Use cloud to secure data
5. Innovate the old methods
6. Train employees
7. Develop professionalism
8. Provide guidelines
9. Develop culture that makes good reputation
10. Resolving disputes
11. Implement diversity
12. Manage regular crisis
13. Making reports for manager

Part C - Legal, Social, Ethical and Professional Issues:

C1 – LSEPI:
Ethics and Moral Values:

The organization Pathway Trust is care and supports providing organization. Ethical and moral
values are the most significant aspects of an organization. It is referred to as norms for the
behaviour anyone has. In Pathway Trust, employees and volunteers play a crucial role in
providing support to people. Therefore, they must acquire ethics and moral values. In accounting
behaviour and policies of legal practice in organizations or NGOs, ethics creates core values
(Harvey, 2003). There could be no punishment for certain legally published items or procedures
and ethical principles.
The project team and managers commonly acknowledge common principles, laws, and ethics
regulations. It is not a new thing but has been appearing for decades. These people need to
understand these practices for their careers. Since two of the employees who are part of the
project are in arguments and conflicts, they must understand the ethical and moral values.
Moreover, they should take care of the following essential factors:
 Ethical behaviour leads to trust, effective leadership, and project success.
 Wise decision making
 Develop responsibility, respect, honesty, trust, and fairness.
 Avoid incidents
 Avoid underhand behaviour and shortcuts
Ethical Decision-Making:
When we talk about ethics, the first thing that comes to our mind is the difference between right
and wrong. However, the concept of ethics in decision making is beyond right and wrong.
Professionals are not always great at justifying and explaining their actions in non-technical
terms. It is not a very simple term. Instead, it contains complications (Dowie, I. 2017). Being part
of an organization, particularly in a vital company project, means any decision you make is your
responsibility. However, if anything goes wrong, it is all because of you. Therefore, the project
managers must take the technical decisions through complete consideration and discussion with
the project management team. These decisions are in the great interest of the public. So,
managers should provide understandable and clear justifications.
Convincing people through communication and decision power, a manager can achieve
anything. As a system analyst, it is essential to get clear guidelines about decision-making and
strategies. It is a significant way to convince people through moral values and ethics. It provides
an assurance and shows good intentions. Therefore, being a professional, it should be clear that
decision making is not only about right and wrong, but it contains thorough consideration,
responsibility, and most importantly, moral and ethical principles.
Legal Issues related to Law:
In the era of globalization, new technologies emerge every day. We are moving towards a digital
world, which brings many issues. It has a profound effect on human being and their environment.
It gives us opportunities but also bring damages. Similarly, the main legal issues it brings are
identity theft and data security. Most people master the new technologies, and some do not know
how to use them. In Pathway Trust, the administration knows the identities and information of
various people. Therefore, they must understand the principles and laws related to privacy and
ID protection.
The professionals should be provided with complete guidelines regarding protecting and
securing data. They can use tools like the cloud, which provides maximum security to store and
protect data or clients. Data breaches and identity theft are the most common issues these days
(Dowie, I. 2017). Therefore, a project management team should determine the protection
concerning the code of ethics and policies.

C2: Management Summary and Conclusion:

Purpose of Professional Body:
 A professional body is responsible for exercising professional duties. They are
responsible for fulfilling requirements with diligence and care in Pathway Trust. In this
way, they can perform their professional judgement.
 They are responsible for protecting the personal data and information of clients and do
not disclose, approve, or uncover for self-benefits. They are not allowed to take
advantage of these pieces of information.
 The professional body is responsible for assigning work to co-workers and taking
vocation. They are required to work in a specific context under support and guidance.
 They are advised to prevent circumstances that may become a reason for arguments and
conflicts among co-workers.
 The professional body must have complete details before implementing or announcing as
it can lead to misunderstanding and damage. It is illegal to spread wrong information,
product, service, etc.
 They should encourage the development of support and IT in the society for innovation
and digitalization.
 They should imply diversity in the workplace. They should never show favouritism
regarding marital status, religion, skin tones, nationalities, ethnicity, and sexual
orientation.
 Hire individuals based on skills and accomplishments for a better understanding of
practices.
There are many other responsibilities and purposes of a professional body. However, if any BCS
member makes a mistake or becomes unconscious of any rule, they should be notified
immediately to improve (Harvey, 2003). The importance of a code of conduct cannot be denied
and should be followed with consideration. The chances of problems increase when there are
non-BCS members.
In the case of Pathway trust, some employees violate the code of conduct by conflicting on some
project issues. Moreover, another thing that violates the codes of conduct is no encouragement to
imply information technology and technology innovation (RODRIGUEZ, J.C. 1999). The
organization works with old and traditional systems, which need to be upgraded. Another
example is unprofessional employees. There is a lack of enthusiasm and guidance among
employees. There is no particular training system and resources to train unprofessional
employees.
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