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Ingles
Ingles
It is worth
mentioning that sialography is a radiological test that allows us to visualize the interior and exterior
ducts of the major salivary glands, but first, before talking about this study, it is important to know the
classification and anatomy of the salivary glands.
Salivary glands are exocrine glands located on the head, in and around the oral cavity and secrete their
salivary contents into the mouth. Their function is to help keep the oral mucosa protected and
lubricated, and also to help in the initial stages of digestion during the chewing of food so that a food
bolus is created ready to be swallowed and subsequently processed in the lower part of the digestive
tract.
Anatomical classification salivary glands: They are divided into major and minor salivary glands.
Minor salivary glands: they are located under the mucosa of the oral cavity and depending on the
anatomical site where they are located we call them: buccal, labial, molar, palatine and lingual.
They are not considered as an organ but as a quantity of salivary accumulations dispersed in the cavity,
on the other hand we consider the major salivary glands as organs with an important function in the
production of saliva. Thus, in the major salivary glands we have:
The parotid glands: they are located in the parotid region, i.e. near the ear.
the submandibular gland: it will be lodged in the horizontal branch of the mandible, and
The anatomical name of the major salivary glands already informs us of the anatomical site where we
will find them.
Parotid gland: it is the most voluminous of the salivary glands, it is located behind the ascending branch
of the mandible, the upper limit will be below the external auditory canal and in the retroauricular
region we can palpate the bony prominence called mastoid process. This will be our posterior limit in
the paraotic region, in the inferior part we have the sternocleidomastoid muscle and anteriorly the
masseter muscle (muscle of the masticatory apparatus) the excretory duct of the gland is the Stenon's
duct:
Stenon's duct: it passes through the external face of the masseter, curves medially and will be in charge
of perforating the buccinator muscle in order to flow into the oral cavity at the level of the second upper
molar.
Submandibular gland: It is the second largest salivary gland. It is located in the lower and deep part of
the ramus of the mandible, in the submandibular triangle of the neck (also known as the digastric
triangle).
the excretory duct of the gland or wharton's duct arises in the medial part of the internal aspect of the
gland, is directed by two collectors, is oriented upward, forward and inward. It enters the
submandibular hiatus to the lower edge of the frenulum of the tongue and empties into the floor of the
mouth.
Here the patient is seen with the oral cavity from the front, the tongue is raised to expose the ventral
side and we see: the lingual raphe here in the center, the frenulum of the tongue starting from the floor
of the mouth and on both sides of the raphe the mouth of the two wharton's ducts, forming that fold
like major caruncles that the mouth of this gland has.
The submandibular gland produces a mixed serous and mucous salivary secretion but predominantly
serous.
Moving on to the sublingual gland: the smallest of all the glands, it is contained within the oral cavity
below the mucosa, i.e. on the floor of the mouth. It is a submucosal gland. It lies medial to the mandible
and to the mylohyoid muscle which forms most of the floor of the mouth, medial to the lingual nerve,
Wharton's duct and the genioglossus and inferior lingual muscles.
A gland of mixed secretion composed of serous and mucous acini, its Bartholin's duct or rivin duct arises
in the posterior part of the gland, next to Wharton's duct, opening outside it at the apex of the
sublingual caruncle.
Buenos días, somos el grupo número seis y en esta ocasión vamos a hablar de sialografía.
Cabe mencionar que la sialografía es una prueba radiológica que nos permite visualizar los
conductos interiores y exteriores de las glándulas salivales mayores, pero primero, antes de
hablar de este estudio, es importante conocer la clasificación y anatomía de las glándulas
salivales.
Las glándulas salivales son glándulas exocrinas ubicadas en la cabeza, dentro y alrededor de la
cavidad oral y secretan su contenido salival en la boca. Su función es ayudar a mantener
protegida y lubricada la mucosa oral, y también ayudar en las etapas iniciales de la digestión
durante la masticación de los alimentos para que se cree un bolo alimenticio listo para ser
tragado y posteriormente procesado en la parte inferior del tubo digestivo. . Clasificación
anatómica de las glándulas salivales: Se dividen en glándulas salivales mayores y menores.
Glándula parótida: es la más voluminosa de las glándulas salivales, se ubica detrás de la rama
ascendente de la mandíbula, el límite superior estará por debajo del conducto auditivo externo y
en la región retroauricular podemos palpar la prominencia ósea denominada apófisis
mastoides. Este será nuestro límite posterior en la región paraótica, en la parte inferior tenemos
el músculo esternocleidomastoideo y anteriormente el músculo masetero (músculo del aparato
masticatorio)
Aquí se ve al paciente con la cavidad oral de frente, se levanta la lengua para exponer el lado
ventral y vemos: el rafe lingual aquí en el centro, el frenillo de la lengua partiendo del piso de la
boca y de ambos lados del rafe la desembocadura de los dos conductos de Wharton, formando
ese pliegue a modo de carúnculas mayores que tiene la desembocadura de esta glándula. La
glándula submandibular produce una secreción salival mixta serosa y mucosa, pero
predominantemente serosa.
Pasando a la glándula sublingual: la más pequeña de todas las glándulas, está contenida dentro
de la cavidad oral debajo de la mucosa, es decir, en el piso de la boca. Es una glándula
submucosa. Se encuentra medial a la mandíbula y al músculo milohioideo que forma la mayor
parte del suelo de la boca, medial al nervio lingual, el conducto de Wharton y los músculos
geniogloso y lingual inferior. Glándula de secreción mixta compuesta por ácinos serosos y
mucosos, su conducto de Bartolino o conducto de Rivin surge en la parte posterior de la
glándula, junto al conducto de Wharton, abriéndose hacia el exterior de este en el vértice de la
carúncula sublingual.Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)