Slide1.

The Camarines Sur National High School Mathematics 10 Quarter 1 Week 4 learning material.

Slide2.

Let’s start our lesson with your Sign Language Vocabulary.

1. Geometric Sequence

2. Common Ratio

3. Arithmetic Sequence

4. Common Difference

5. Consecutive

Slide3.

Our objectives for this lesson are the following:

Illustrate a geometric sequence.

Differentiate a geometric sequence from an arithmetic sequence.

Slide4.

But before we continue to our lesson, let’s have first a short review.

Slide5.

Blank is a sequence in which the consecutive terms have a common difference.

Yes. That is Arithmetic Sequence.

Slide6.

Next.

What is the common difference of an Arithmetic Sequence, 3, 7, 11, 15, …?

Anyways, don’t be distracted by the 3 dots or the ellipses after the last given term, it only means that
there still have terms after the last given term.
Here is the solution.

𝑎2 − 𝑎1 or the second term minus the first term.

Substitute it and it will give us 7 – 3, and that is equal to 4.

Same process.

𝑎3 – 𝑎2

Substitute again, that is 11 – 7 equal to 4.

Last is the fourth term minus the third term.

𝑎4 – 𝑎3 equals to 15 – 11 and the result is also 4.

So, 4 is the common difference.

Slide7.

I think we can now proceed to our topic which is Geometric Sequence.

Slide8.

So, what is Geometric Sequence?

Geometric Sequence is a sequence where each term after the first term is obtained by multiplying the
preceding term by a non-zero constant. The ratio between consecutive terms is constant.

We have here an example to explain it further.

Our example is 5, 15, 45, and 135.

Let us focus first on the first two sequences.

We all know that for us to have 15, we need to multiply 3 to 5, isn’t it?

And let’s move to the second and third term.

What number should we multiply to 15 to get 45?

Yes, we to multiply it by 3.

How about the third and fourth term?

Correct. We also need to multiply 45 by 3 to get 135.

Now we can conclude that our example is a Geometric Sequence.

Because in geometric sequence, we obtain the next terms by multiplying the preceding term by a non-
zero constant.

In our example, 3 is the non-zero constant and this non-zero constant is called the common ratio.

Slide9.

What is Common Ratio?

The Common Ratio is the ratio between two consecutive numbers in a geometric sequence. It is called
common ratio because it is the same ratio between two consecutive numbers in the sequence.

That explain what common ratio is.

Slide10.

Since we already know what common ratio is, let us know how to find common ratio of a geometric
sequence.

To find the common ratio, we have to divide a successive pair of terms.

Same thing when finding the common difference but instead subtracting the two consecutive terms, we
divide it.

Our example is the Geometric Sequence 3, 6, 12, and 24.

Let us start with the first and second term.

Divide the second term by the first term which is 6 divide it by 3, and that is equal to 2.

Next is divide the third term by the second term. 12 divide it by 6 is equal to 2.

And divide 24 by 12 and it also equal to two.

We have now 2 as the common ratio.

And that’s it, very easy.

Slide11.

Since you already know what geometric sequence is and how to find its common ratio, try to identify if
the given sequence is Geometric Sequence or not.
Slide12.

First is the sequence 2, 6, 18, and 54.

Like what we did before, divide two consecutive terms of a sequence.

6 divide it by 2 is equal to 3.

18 divide it by 6 is also equal to 3.

And 54 divide it by 18 is equal to 3.

We have 3 as our common ratio for this.

So, this sequence is a Geometric Sequence.

Slide13.

Next sequence is 6, 12, 36, and 72.

Again divide second term by first term, it is 12 divide it by 6 equals to 2.

Third and second term, 36 divide it by 12, that’s equal to 3.

Last is the fourth term dividing it by third term, 72 divide it by 36 is equal to 2.

We will notice that there is no common ratio. Even though there are 2 same ratios and the other one is
not, we can’t consider that as common ratio.

So, this sequence is not geometric sequence.

Slide 14.

Last sequence is 40, 20, 10, and 5.

Same way, 20 divide it by 40 is one half.

10 divide it by 20 is also equal to one half.

And last 5 divide it by 10 equals to one half.

So, one half is our common ratio for this one.

And obviously, this is a geometric sequence.

Slide15.

So, that’s our lesson for today.

We will now proceed to your activities.

Slide16.

Activity1.

Activity 1. Am I Geometric?

Direction: Scale whether each of the following sequences is geometric or not. Draw a star if it is
geometric or triangle if not on the space before each number.

The instruction is very clear. So let’s answer number 1.

Slide17.

The sequence is 5, 20, 80, and 320.

You already know this, second term divide by first term which is 20 divide it by 5 equal to 4.

Third and second term, 80 divided by 20 equals to 4.

And last, 320 divide it by 80 is equal to 4.

So, 4 is the common ratio and it is Geometric Sequence.

Slide18.

Let’s go back to our activity.

Since number 1 is a geometric sequence, we will put star to the line before the number.

The rest is for you to answer.

Slide 19.

Activity 2.

Direction: Match the given geometric sequence on the first column with its corresponding common
ratio on the second column. Write only the letter in the box corresponding to the number to unlock the
statement below.

Basically, it just like a matching type test that you used to encounter before, but there is a twist as said
on the instruction.

Slide 20.

Here is the table.

Slide 21.

Let’s answer number 1 to demonstrate it.

First we need to solve for the common ratio of the sequence 11, 55, 275, and 1375

Same way, divide 55 by 11 and it gives us 5.

275 divide it by 55 is also 5.

And last, 1,375 divide it by 275 is equal to 5.

We have 5 as our common ratio.

Slide 22.

Since, we already know the common ratio let’s look at the table.

As you can see, 5 correspond to letter M.

Slide 23.

So, we will write letter M to the number 1 box.

Just repeat what we did to the remaining numbers.

Slide 24.
Avtivity 3.

Direction: Complete the table by identifying whether the given sequence is Arithmetic or Geometric.
Find the common difference or common ratio.

Slide 25.

Okay. For number 1, our solution is check first if it is geometric.

Divide 12 by negative 6 and that is negative 2.

Divide negative 24 by 12 and that is also equal to negative 2.

Meaning we have 2 as a common ratio and we conclude that this is a geometric sequence.

Slide 26.

So, let us go back to your activity. We will write geometric and negative 2 to the table.

The rest is up to you.

Slide 27.

Activity 4.

Direction: Explain the difference between a geometric sequence and an arithmetic sequence. Give
examples.

In this activity, you just need to explain the difference between the arithmetic and geometric sequence.
You also need to provide example for each sequence.

Slide 28.

And that’s all for today. Thank you for watching and listening to our video for today.

Happy Learning!!!